What Does It Mean?

One of the hottest topics that modern science has been focusing on for a long time is the field of artificial intelligence, the study of intelligence in machines or, according to Minsky, “the science of making machines do things that would require intelligence if done by men”.(qtd in Copeland 1). Artificial Intelligence has a lot of applications and is used in many areas. “We often don’t notice it but AI is all around us. It is present in computer games, in the cruise control in our cars and the servers that route our email.” (BBC 1). Different goals have been set for the science of Artificial Intelligence, but according to Whitby the most mentioned idea about the goal of AI is provided by the Turing Test. This test is also called the

Turing, a physicalist, believed that artificial intelligence could be achieved in the future. Turing argued that the mind was merely due to the physical aspects of the brain and so a machine could one day be created that has a mind of its own, i.e. artificial intelligence. He created a test called the Turing Test to determine whether a machine has artificial intelligence. In the Turing Test, an interrogator asks two subjects a series of questions. One of the subjects is a person, the other is the computer. The goal is for the person to imitate a computer and the computer to imitate the person. If the interrogator is fooled into thinking that the computer is the human then the computer, according to Turing, is concluded to have the ability to think and thus, have a mind. Turing argued that machines passing the Turing Test were sufficient for ascribing thought.

What does it mean to immigrate? What is an immigrant? These are terms that need to be understood before deciding where immigration reform is needed. An immigrant, is a person who comes to a country to live there according to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary. To immigrate, is to, enter and usually become established; especially: to come into a country of which one is not native for permanent residence.

The game of chess helps us understand how technology inhibits our thinking. Chess used to be human against human. Now we add computers to the equation. In 2005, a chess tournament was help where the team options were a mix of human, machine, or both combined (Thompson, 345). When a professional play with no machine played against an amateur with a machine the amateur won (Thompson, 345). This shows that the machine did majority of the thinking. How we think is changing due to machines and technology. We use assistance instead of actually thinking to

What does it mean to belong to a particular group of people who look like you in terms of skin colour this is what we often call a race, a distinct group of people that have distinguished genetic or physical appearance, mainly skin colour, hair type and stature can be identified as a race.According to Augie Fleras,”Humans being belonged to a single biological species(homo sapiens) within a larger grouping or genus(homo) (page .173), which clearly means that race is not biological contrast but social construct also meaning that humans are socially different but biologically the same. The social construct has influenced the world in classifying people based on superiority and inferiority. Social teaches us about human society and its interpersonal relationships as members of society.

Module 6 is an interesting and controversial one in the sense that it touches so many issues surrounding feminism. Reflecting on group discussions, class discussions, readings, and audio lecture, I ascertained there is an enormous correlation between being a woman and LGBTQ in the sense that both experienced intersectionality discrimination in the community. What does it mean when the tools of a racist patriarchy are used to examine the fruits of that same patriarchy? It means that only the most narrow perimeters of change are possible and allowable (Lorde, 2001, p.89). What this avowal signifies is that as a black woman or LGBTQ, discrimination and powerlessness is prevalence in this minority group, it will be extremely challenging to defy the oppression encountered by these groups and if at all, they grant them any audience of modification it will be a very microscopic change. Indeed Lorde is very much correct with her statement. However, acceptance of women equalling to men and the acceptance of LGBTQ is still ongoing issues and controversial one in the community. Fish (2008) argues that many literatures had depicted the LGB as ‘partial citizens’(as cited in Richardson, 1998, p.88); as moral, social, and political aliens’ with ‘second class’ citizenship (as cited in Seidman, 2005, pp. 225-245). Again, there is no differential treatment of oppression between black woman and LGBTQ. Consequently, they both experience similar discrimination and oppression. Examining feminism

Interdisciplinary is a concentration in historical studies represent a conscious attempt to discover connection among associate discipline from a historical perspective. Courses that in my Degree plan that were an GenEd requirement are Introduction to college reading and writing, this course helped me organizing materials. Also anther GenEd requirement course was Global Climate Change, Visual Literacy: Introductory, these courses also meet one of factor of my historical degree which is interdisciplinary. These last courses one met my historical studies factor which is framework. Framework allowed me to explore historical studies in that dealt with American history and global history. the courses associate with both histories are U.S. History to 1865: What Does It Mean to Be a Free Nation, Global History to the 15th Century, U.S. History from 1865 to the Present and Introduction to Women 's and Gender Studies.

Young people in American society are at risk of not aging successfully. Due to the ease of access to unhealthy foods, low levels of physical activity, and generally unhealthy lifestyle choices, many Americans are not expected to age well. For example, the daily recommended amount of physical activity is 30 minutes of moderate activity, but with many American 's making the choice to watch television or choosing desk jobs with little to no physical activity the outlook for aging successful looks grim for many. In this literature review, the focus will be on answering the questions: what does it mean to age successfully and what happens to our bodies and minds as we age? Finding source material to answer these questions was difficult at times, but with vigilance, the answers were found.

What does it mean to be human? Did your concept change after reading the book?

What does it mean to be human? To feel emotions such as love, hate, etc.? According to George Orwell, to be human means to be able to think freely and feel emotions that could lead a person to free thinking. Being human also means to have a lot of power, especially over other people’s minds, and be able to choose when or when not to use that power. If a person is given that much power, and it is used irresponsibly or selfishly, other humans will either rise against or bow down to that power. If power over the human mind is achieved by one person, then the circumstances are not always great.

If artificial intelligence, Hal was able as William Lycan’s artificial intelligence, Harry does; convince you that he is in fact human because of his ability to play the viola, play golf, make love and carry out conversation, then wouldn’t him convincing you of his legitimacy be enough for him to actually be. After all I am making an assumption about Hal based on his behavior and behavior is how I make judgements about the people in my life. One could insist that because Hal was programed he is not a person, however philosopher William Lycan would reply that humans are programed with our genetic structure and our basic capabilities like speaking, showing even more similarities between Hal and Human Beings. One could also argue that people are programmed their entire life. Everytime we learn something new we are being programmed. The difference between Hal and us is that I have control over what I program myself to be capable of where as Hal is at the mercy of his programmers. This leads me to believe that is what would make Hal a definably conscious being is if he had the ability to dictate some of his own programming.

After taking the (URICA) University of Rhode Island Change Assessment I tally the scores for each section. Having four sections as follows:

It was a warm, sunny day in Tampa, Florida when my carpool buddy Christian and I were walking from his car to the Plant High School Club Rowing Team Boathouse on the Palm River for one of our six rowing practices a week.

What is living in the present？In the past, I could not understand this. However, through the things that I experienced，I begin to understand a little bit of what living in the present is. It is to focus on the present and try the best to do what you are doing right now. Do not live in the past and also do not look forward to the future that is full of imagination. No one can predict what will happen in the next second. The only thing we can take control is the present. When happiness comes, we should learn to enjoy it. Meanwhile, when troubles come, we should try our best to figure them out instead of suffering from the troubles and complaining about life.

Substantial studying has been made on the subject and Turing’s overly optimistic point of view, yet, we experience difficulty when trying to combine idea of advancement in technology and what makes us humans: the capability of thinking. Conventionally, we have firmly grasp to the idea that the act of thinking is the official stamp of authenticity which differentiate humans from the rest of beings, and so while trying to decide if a computer can think or not, we are closely scrutinizing the foundation of our nature as beings to its core. But before we dive into the subject matter of why I disagree with Turing, we must inquire about what exactly is thinking. Some have tried to define thinking as having conscious thoughts; but thinking and consciousness are not terminologies that are mutually exchangeable. While thinking is a state of consciousness, consciousness is not thinking. Even as we process information necessary for reasoning, much of our brain activity and processing takes