What Is A Simple Protocol In Wait And Optimal Routing

| Given a network topology of three or more routers with bandwidth designations, compare the metrics used during the route selection process and the resulting routing tables generated by the DUAL and SPF algorithms.

Routing Information Protocol is one of the oldest Distance Vector Routing Protocol which goes under the Interior Gateway Protocol type 2. Routing Information Protocol version 1 was stated in 1988 and it was the primary routing protocol utilized on the Internet. The purpose behind utilizing the routing protocols is to decrease the time delay (Aydogan, 2010), Improve the data transmission utilization (Shih, 2010), Reducing power utilization (Khan, 2010) and decreasing the packet loss rate and also the routing overload (Hamza, 2010).

In simulated network the source node designated as1 initiates the routing procedure by sending RREQ or Route Request message to its surrounding nodes. The RREQ message sent by the source node is denoted in the color green. The other RREQ messages are shown in cyan, yellow, black etc. The source node 1 is sending the RREQ message to its neighbour nodes 5, 6, 9, 11 and 13 and the links are formed shown by the green line. Every time node 5,6,9,11,13 is sending the RREQ message to its neighbour and the links are formed.

In order to avoid this problem, a technique called probability distribution algorithm is introduced. In probability distribution algorithm, the random traffic between the primary network users are analyzed. The nearby nodes behaviors are learnt by the secondary node. The probability of the traffic in the neighboring nodes are studied by the node that tries to transmit data. When the traffic is free then the secondary node establishes the connection. If there is traffic then the secondary node searches for other nodes. Thus the data transmission occurs in this CR

routing. In this chapter, we introduce some popular routing protocols in each of the three

During this paper several things will be explained or gone over. The first will be communication protocols and I will identify the network protocols and provide rationale for the decision. Next will be to define the full network architecture and explain the usefulness of the traffic analysis. The next thing will be to define the terms response time, latency, and jitter, and describe their effect on the main network performance and on the performance of the chosen organization 's network. Next the effect of data rates on each part of the network will also be explained. Describing strategies to ensure the availability of network access in switched and routed networks will be the last part of this paper.

with the associated least cost of the paths to the sink through them. The nodes which are directly reachable from the sink have both the parent nodes set to sink node. Besides, each node also stores its node ID, its remaining energy, the cost to be added to a path to sink that passes through this node. These variables at each node j are represented as follows.

The basic approach is when a node needs to send a message to a particular destination, it broadcasts the RREQ message in the network that shown in figure 3.7.1 (a). When RREQ message

Material in this section is based on material from Computer Networks: Principles, Technologies and Protocols for Network Design by Natalia Olifer and Victor Olifer (pub. John Wiley & Sons 2005).

Before going further on this document, first we need discuss some basics of networking, so that it would be easy to understand the topics easily.

This part of our small business we will look at some switching concepts that will include store and forward switching, cut through switching, fragment free switching, and (V-LAN) that is any broadcast domain that is partitioned and isolated in a computer network at the data link layer.This paper will also cover routing concepts, along with some comparisons including routed and routing protocols, Classful and classless protocols, and for

The Strand space protocol model uses a rank function technique to mark traces the entire network

The two TCP/IP transport layer protocols (TCP and UDP), are very crucial for the smooth operation of network services for both the computer applications and application layer protocols such as HTTP, FTP, SMTP and Telnet. These two transport layer protocols TCP and UDP execute these services via the employment of IP. They use IP in the efficient routing of packets to their respective destination networks (Steinke,2001).The TCP is further noted by Steinke (2001) to be responsible for the provision of a reliable and yet connection-oriented byte-stream packet delivery while its counterpart UDP is noted to be responsible for the provision of a connectionless but rather unreliable packet delivery. In this paper we explain the work of the two TCP/IP transport layer protocols (TCP and UDP). In addition, describe how TCP and UDP manage key functions such as reliability, port addressing, and segmentation.

There are number of metrics which are helpful for deciding the efficiency of a protocol. In this work the parameters used to evaluate the efficiency of a protocol are the packet delivery ratio, packet statistics in the network and the throughput of the network. The protocols AODV and AODVBC are checked against these parameters for their performance. Packet delivery ratio of the network is improved as the mobility with respect to the number of nodes changes. Increase in the PDR (Packet delivery ratio is because of the less number of packet drops when AODVBC is used. Fig. 4 justifies the better performance of AODVBC routing protocol over AODV protocol in terms of less number of packets drop.

Performance metrics are measured which shows that packet loss is less than AODV. Packet Loss increases as mobility increases. In route discovery process, an intermediate node will try to create a route and this route should not contain a node whose legitimacy ratio lesser the lower threshold level.