On Thursday, September 3rd, China held a showy military parade in honor of its role in World War II. Headed by Xi Jinping, the president of the Communist Party, the event served to show off China’s military might while also make talk about a more peaceful future. Back in the early twentieth century, before WWII, the Qing dynasty fell out of power. They had ruled China since 1644 but in 1912 they finally lost control after the last emperor resigned. Throughout World War I and II there was a power struggle between the Nationalists and the Communists. The Nationalists fought Japan conventionally, while the Communists used guerilla tactics.
Even while Japan was invading, Chiang Kai-Shek considered the Communists to be the real enemy, not Japan.
Between the years of 1927 and 1949 in China two warring sides, China’s Communist Party and China’s Nationalist Party, clashed. Although the two parties had previously worked together in the United Front against Japan when Japan tried to invade, their temporary alliance was dropped as soon as the invasion was over. Halting only for a brief period when Japan attempted to invade a second time in 1936 to form the Second United Front, the two parties resumed fighting after the invasion was over in 1945, and only stopped hostilities when the Communist party drove out the Nationalist party to Taiwan and other islands. This war brought China into a new era under a communist government, the People’s Republic of China. Massive reform and change would
In 1927, a war commenced between the Nationalist administration of China, headed by Christian official Chiang Kai-shek, and the Communist Chinese, headed by Mao Tse-tung. Thus, war was waged between the Nationalists, representatives of freedom; and the Communists, representatives of the soul-crushing oppression of Communism. Conversely, in America, the sides were interchanged, as liberal American reporters referred to Mao Tse-tung a “true man of the people” and an “agrarian reformer”; however, patriot of freedom, Chiang Kai-shek was prejudicially labeled as “power-hungry” and “corrupt”. Because assistance was not given from the United States to an ally in desperate need, the toxin of Communism invaded China and remains a parasite on a formerly great land.
In the lapse of time between the two world wars, China was experiencing the so called ‘awakening’. In 1912 the empire was abolished and the republic was announced, but it fell into the hands of a ruling class subjected to the Japanese hegemony. Sun Yat-sen, who had already played a key role in the events of 1911-1912, after the
Shortly afterwards in 1950 china fell to communism. Stalin, russia's leader, was worried another western invasion like Hitler or Napoleon's was only a matter of time. To secure his nation he took
In 1984 the Sino-Japanese war happened. This war has significant influence for Chinese government, because this is the first time China were defeated by a non-western power, and Japan was consider as a weak “tiny” neighbor of China. China and the entire world was shocked by losing Sino-Japanese War. Losing Sino-Japanese War is a symbol that Qing Dynasty is going to perished, and the way that China lose is worth to study. Even though the westernization movement did not operated so well, but it still modernize and improve the Chinese military power. Especially Chinese marine has lots of modern warship and weapon, and China has more soldier than Japan. It is fair to say that China has enough army to fight with Japan. But, why Japanese win the Sino-Japanese War? Firstly, Chinese government did not realized that Japan dare to fight with China, so they did not prepare well. Secondly, Chinese government try to stop the war by diplomacy, they trying ask western countries for help, but, at the moment the western countries were stand for Japan. Last and most importantly, the old feudalism and bureaucracy made Chinese army lose the war. The commander of Chinese marine Li Hongzhang, who is also the leader of “westernization” party in the government. Because he is the commander of the marine, so he has authority in Qing government. He does not wants to fight with Japanese army, because if he lose his marine, he will also lose the
“The Party: The Secret World Of China’s Communist Rulers,” by Richard McGregor is a book which provides detailed insight into the Communist Party of China, revealing many of the secret underpinnings of how the party is run, and explores the question of how they have continued to stay in power for so long. While other strong socialist powers, such as the Soviet Union and Eastern Germany, fell at the end of the 20th century, the CPC was able to stay in control and ultimately come out of that period even stronger. In McGregor’s own words “the party picked itself up off the ground, reconstituted its armor and reinforced its flank. Somehow, it has outlasted, outsmarted, outperformed, or simply outlawed its critics, flummoxing the pundits who have predicted its demise at numerous junctures.” Instead of letting its own ideologies weaken its power, the CPC has continually adapted and transformed its policies and goals in order to maintain their stronghold over the nation. Through his impressive list of Chinese scholars and political contacts, McGregor is able to lay out the fundamental workings inside the Chinese government and the impressive actions they’ve taken to remain such a powerful organization.
In China between the years 1925 to 1950 myriad changes were occurring. Chinese peasants and the Chinese Communist Party joined forces against Japan. During the time 1925 to 1950 in China, relationships between the Communist Party and the peasants grew through the defense against a common enemy, mutual support, and the establishment of equality.
And even the Japanese operation against the Communists had opposite effect, because Three All Campaign’s aimed at turning people against the Communists by burning down their villages and crops, murdering the peasants made the peasants hate the Japanese even more and help the Communists attack them. The Japan-China war was a great success of the Communists because, by 1945, they controlled eighteen ‘liberation areas’ in the countryside. Invariably it was the Reds to whom the Japanese submitted.
An anti-foreigner movement was organized in 1900, attacking foreigners across China, urging a multinational force to stop the movement. As expected, the boxers were easily defeated and China was once again forced to succumb to Westernization. However, the Chinese nationalism spread from the failure of this movement and Sun Yat-sen, a passionate spokesman, “organized the Revolutionary Alliance to rebuild China” on the “Three Principles of the People.” These principles included the ideas of nationalism, democracy and economic security for everyone. However, little progress was made and China quickly fell into chaos against the “twin evils” of warlord uprisings and foreign imperialism, collapsing the last Chinese dynasty. This set China to path of an eventual Chinese communist state, living up to Sun Yat-sen’s “Three Principles of the
Their Tactics. The Nationalist tactics played into the hands of the Communists who were able to make the most of the position they found themselves in at the end of the Second World War.
Although World War II was mostly fought in Europe, there were also wars going on in the Pacific. Japan invaded China on July 7, 1937, and led to the Second Sino-Japanese War. Chiang Kai Shek, China’s Generalissimo, led the Chinese army and fought Japan on its own for more than four year, until the Allied Power declared war on Japan in 1941. He was also involved in the China-Burma-India Theater (CBI) and allied with Claire Chennault.The First American Volunteer Group (AVG) which was also known as the Flying Tigers was also created to help China to fight against the Japanese. Chiang Kai-Shek led the Chinese army and successfully resisted the Japanese in World War II, which prevented the Japanese from sending troops to Siberia and the Indian
Explanation: This discussion is between Kiam-Kim and his father, which is a Chinese family in Canada for a long time.At that time, there is just a war between China and Japanese, and
Throughout the history of China, the civil strife in China had marked a significant event. With two parties established; the Nationalist known as Kuomintang (KMT) and the Communist known as the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), conflicts between them began to erupt due to their difference in beliefs when CCP began to question to morality of democracy and capitalism. This led to the Chinese Civil War (1945-1949). Although many see that, “early in the civil war it looked as though the Nationalists might prevail. They controlled key cities, their well-equipped troops far outnumbered Communist troops, and they had support from the United States,” (Tamura 180) the outcome of the war was not what everyone thought to be due to many
The aftermath of the nationalists parties purge of communists had an effect on both parties. For the nationalist party, it suffered a split. Many members disagreed with Chiang Kai-shek betraying the parties communist allies. They set up a separate nationalist group based in Wuhan, China. Chiang Kai-Shek continued his mission to take control of China for the nationalists though. After the Chiang Kai-Shek led nationalist army captured and took control of Beijing the alternative nationalist group said they had been fooled and admitted to Chiang Kai-Shek taking the proper action. Also the victory in Beijing was followed by the nationalists setting up their government in Nanjing China. This would end the time period of China being controlled by
China has been a communist country since the communist revolution took place in 1949, since then China has been ruled by the dictator Mao Tse-Tung. However the Chinese dictator died in September 1976, he was hailed abroad as one of the worlds’ great leaders. Certainly one of the more impressive aspects of the Chinese communist government, has been the willingness of the people to protest against it (3, pg. 4).