What Is Communication Disorder?

The other 12 children were chosen randomly between the ages of 5 and 15 and in that group, they split them evenly into the control and experimental group. They came to the conclusion that diagnosing stuttering early can cause stuttering. The children were scared to speak most of the time. They were scared to stutter and were always overthinking it. This experiment also affected the way they acted at school and interacted with others.

When a child began talking that child lisped, stuttered, or had a hard time pronouncing words. People could think it is cute or not to worry because child would soon grow over it. However, if that child becomes teenager and still stuttering, then it becomes an issue. Speech disorder can divide into Fluency, articulation, and voice disorder.

It Is important to understand why the child is not developing like other children in case a milestone is not achieved by the expected age. Delays in one aspect can have a domino effect on the other development. Communicational delays affect many aspects of life. If a child continues babbling or stammering, he/she could be targeted by peers, get bullied or made fun of. This affects child’s social and emotional development.

The most important information in this article is that there are significant neuroimaging, lesion, pharmacological, and genetic studies that provide information on stuttering, however the etiology and pathophysiology of stuttering remains incomplete. The article explored research on persistent developmental stuttering (PDS), which manifests in children between the ages of 2 and 4, in which boys have a higher rate of persistence than girls. Moreover, the authors provided features of the development, fluency-inducing conditions, associated symptoms, genetic etiologies, and neural correlates. Genetic studies on PDS demonstrated a genetic correlation, although no single gene has been identified, characterizing PDS as a polygenetic disorder. Additionally, brain imaging studies have revealed abnormalities in the role of the cerebellum, the anterior cingulate cortex (AAC), the supplementary motor area, and the right frontal operculum. During silent and oral reading tasks pre- and post-treatment, people who stutter had greater cerebellar activation and abnormal right lateralization as oppose to people who do not stutter, which could be related to a reduction in automaticity in articulatory movements and an increase in sensory or motor monitoring. Further discussion of cortical regions provided a connection between the limbic system and sensorimotor cortex, in which AAC activation during silent reading tasks decreased following fluency-inducing treatment. PDS has also been associated with the reduction of white matter below the left sensorimotor cortex, while acquired neurogenic stuttering (ANS) is associated with lesions in subcortical brain regions. Additionally, ANS can occur during a head injury in which the midbrain and subthalamic nucleus are affected by rotational forces producing diffuse injuries in basal ganglia pathways. ANS has also been associated with the thalamus in which patients who had stimulation of the thalamus and corpus callosum presented with speech

One person, a young teen guy, even mocked me. I tried not to let it go too deeply under my skin. I had to keep reminding myself that this was just temporary, just for the assignment. I definitely can’t imagine what those who have or have had a stutter for the majority of their lives go through. Just one short experience of having to stutter made me feel so small. I can’t even begin to fathom how people with an actual stutter feel about themselves, especially when people treat them so cruelly for something that they can’t help. Overall, stuttering made me feel slower and more self-conscious. I felt like I was being judged solely on the stutter and nothing else. I felt as though all the eyes in the food court were on me, even though they weren’t. I felt slower in the sense that it took me longer to say what I wanted and for some reason, I had to deliberate more as to how I would say what I wanted to. When we watched the kids stuttering during the lecture last week and describing how they felt, I could sympathize with them. After having to experience stuttering first hand, I would definitely say that I developed empathy for them and anyone else with a

Students with speech and language impairment are often in general or regular classrooms. To help students with this type of disorders early intervention is way to address this communication problem. Children who are often classify, as high risk are those with chronic ear infection, genetic defects, alcohol syndrome, neurological defects or delayed language. Those who treat this disorders are called speech language pathologist and they could treat as young as 3. Around the age of two most children say around 50 or more words. At the age of there are very chatty and can begin to put sentences together. Also at three they begin to discover that different words having meaning. When the child is delay or one of the components of communication is disrupted the child is at risk for a language

Stuttering is a disability that affects over two million of the adult population and can be obtained through genetics. This disability is not just getting stuck on certain words or saying like a few times in a sentence. The disability involves tripping on sounds and in severe cases not being able to verbalize what needs to be said. Yeomen uses an example of a man who could not find the words to ask the women he truly was in love with to marry him and ended up marrying the wrong women. Stuttering can change the lives of so many because they never learn to overcome that tragedy.

One challenge an individual may face is communication problems, so as we get older we start to lose our eyesight and our hearing weakens, we will become much more hesitant when we talk. Other things can affect the way we can communicate e.g. Maria’s mother has dementia and is a 1st generation immigrant from Italy, therefore she can only speak Italian; and has forgotten how to speak English. This will make it hard for her mother to communicate with service providers if she’s placed in a nursing home, as they will not be able to understand what she’s saying; which will be a problem as there may be aspects about her mother that needs to be vitally known. Furthermore, her mother will have a hard time negotiating with her support workers that’ll come help during the night.

This documentary focuses on the journey of seven different individuals who are considered people who stutter. I believe it is important to note the statistics of the prevalence of stuttering mentioned in the video. The statistic states that 1 out of 100 adult and 5 out of 100 children are people who stutter. This prevalence is important for speech therapists to become informed and equipped to treat this population. This documentary gives great insight on the struggles and successes of this population.

The authors found that the group average at assessment 1 was 14.4% syllables stuttered and at assessment 2, this number was 6.7%. Half of the children reduced their stuttering by over 50% but two participants did not improve. In all of the self -reports, most children reported that they had decreased their stuttering severity, avoided less speaking situations and reported an overall satisfaction with their speech and quality of

Communication/Language – speech and communication disabilities, fast speech, mild stuttering, disorganized speech, difficulty expressing themselves, difficulty speaking in social contexts

Due to the fact that stuttering is a well-researched disorder, many professionals have come up with different treatment plans. Nonetheless, we will only cover the 4 main treatment approaches, which are as follows: family system therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), fluency shaping (modification), and stuttering modification. Each of the therapy approaches listed above have their own unique way of helping individuals who stutter. The family systems therapy is used primarily for children who stutter. Through the use of the family systems therapy, the treatment focuses on the “family unit as a whole” (Fogle, 2013, p. 213). Therefore, the clinician takes into consideration how a child’s stuttering affects everyone in the household and what they can do to help minimize the

Stuttering is based on human nature and can be easily understood. It is characterized by abnormally high frequencies, and/or the duration of stoppages in the forward flow of speech (Guitar, 2006). While all the children in these videos seem to be nice kids, their disfluency holds them back from meeting social needs. Carolina is one of the children being documented in the video “Speaking of Courage”. Her family immigrated from South America to Canada where she attends grade school. After coming back home from school one day, she cried to her parents because she was unable to make any friends at school. Distraught over their daughters breakdown, her parents enrolled her in speech therapy where she worked and improved under a clinician’s supervision. Carolina’s speech was characterize

Many speech language pathologists (SLPs), after diagnosing a child with stuttering are left with the problems of what treatment program should be implemented and what are the chances that the

Assessment of communication disorder is based on history and physical examination, articulation test, hearing test, auditory test, phonological awareness and processing, vocabulary/ language development test, assessment of