What Is Information Communication Technology ( Ict ) Versus Employee Driven Innovation ( Edi )

In order to manage knowledge successfully, it is essential to clarify the essence of knowledge before identifying the importance of knowledge management. The perception of knowledge has been varied broadly; however, one of the generally accepted defintion is from Davenport and Prusak (1998). According to their points of view, knowledge is defined as a set of experience and values, it either comes from individuals ' mind or roots in the organisation, which can be found in the documents, routines, practices and norms, and is assumed to flow between individuals through various networks, being used to assess and embody new

| The study of knowledge: What constitutes knowledge, the nature of knowledge, and whether knowledge is possible

Knowledge: It is information that has been synthesized so that relations and interactions are defined and formalized; Knowledge answers questions of “why” or “how”. It explores options.

Thomas Davenport and Laurence Prusak (1998) define knowledge as follows: "Knowledge is a mixture of experience, values, kontektual information, views and expert intuition gives it a fundamental Iingkungan and framework

Knowledge management was defined as the turning of information into actionable knowledge which can be accessed by people who can apply it. Robbins (2003) gives a time perspective in his definition of knowledge management. He mentions as part of knowledge management the distribution of the right information to the right people at the right time. Lytras et al (2002) gives a definition of knowledge management which emphasises the purpose of knowledge management. In the definition creation of new capabilities, enablement for superior performance, encouraging innovation and enhancement of customer value were mentioned. For the purpose of this study the researcher summarised knowledge management as the intentional process of coordinating people, technology and systems to optimise creation and sharing of intellectual

In a modernized and globalized world, knowledge creation and synergization of knowledge in an organization is truly crucial. As data and information are readily available, and information communication technology (ICT) has highly advanced, organizations such as B&Q need to understand how knowledge creation can assist to improve internal and external processes and also encourage innovation.

Knowledge is the state of awareness or understanding gained from experience or study and learning specific information about something. This means a person has the resourcefulness to obtain and criticize

The technology is changing rapidly; it is used for the survival of the companies in the market. There are different IT based tools used by the different organisations according to their structure and requirements of the organisation. Some of the IT based tools are: internet, brainstorming sessions, video-conferencing, knowledge maps, and many others.

Knowledge can refer to a theoretical or practical understanding of a subject. It can be tacit (as with practical skill or expertise) or explicit (as with the theoretical understanding of a subject); it can be more or less formal or systematic. Botha et al (2008) pointed out that tacit and explicit knowledge should be seen as a spectrum rather than as definitive points. Therefore, in practice, all knowledge is a mixture of tacit and explicit elements rather than being one or the other. The most important distinction within KM is between explicit and tacit knowledge. The overload of data is making knowledge management increasingly more important as it facilitates decision-making capabilities; builds learning organizations by making learning routine, and stimulates cultural change and innovation.

The topic, “What is knowledge?” can be taken many ways. Knowledge is a justified belief, one that is different opinion. Knowledge is the basis to which beliefs are known, whereas an opinion is a belief which is not known. Unit III A focuses on the etymology of the word knowledge which is defined as the study of epistemology. Philosophy finds its “true beginning” from the study of epistemology. To have knowledge means to find an equal ground between true beliefs and justified beliefs. For the basis of this paper, the three sub topics of the logos knowledge, which are the nature of belief, justification and truth, will be discussed further into detail. These are considered the criteria/rules for the concept of knowledge.

strong believe in technological effectiveness is associated with engaging in proactive scanning). Through those linkages Nag and Gioia were able to draw tree knowledge pathways. The knowledge adaption pathways describe the track how managerial distinctions emerge to knowledge adaption. The knowledge augmentation pathways describe the way to the augmentation of knowledge and the third track describes how it happens that uncommon knowledge is not used.

Even though we use the word, knowledge, daily, philosophers and psychologists have noted for centuries that the definition of knowledge gets more complicated. We say knowledge to what we know. However, what do we know? Is it because we have learned that we know? How do we know? How do we consider that something that we know is real and true? Many philosophers have tried to separate knowledge of “What” from “How”. In the lecture, Professor O’Brien said that Socrates and Plato said, “True knowledge cannot arise from an empirical base, so it must be innate, and innate knowledge is knowledge of perfect forms, such as geometry, mathematics, logic, and morality.” We can assume that they are saying the knowledge comes from our own perception.

Philosophy and science get into a deep interaction when people try to provide answer to fundamental questions. Socrates, Plato and Aristoteles were the first struggling to answer questions like “What is knowledge?” For Socrates, it was important to know what knowledge is per se, and he rejected definitions based on the knowledge acquired by specific activities. I will go through several proposed answers, and the problems of each of them, trying to make my own idea about which one could be the best possible definition of knowledge.

A part of epistemology is the study of knowledge. The study of knowledge deals with various questions such as: What is considered as knowledge? How is knowledge acquired? What are the limits of knowledge? (Steup, 2014). Knowledge can be acquired in two ways as there are two types of knowledge. One type of knowledge is a posteriori knowledge which is gained through experience. The other type of knowledge is a priori knowledge which is based on reasoning and independent of experience. Through the limits of knowledge, the problem of scepticism arises.

The concept of Knowledge Management (KM) had introduced since 1990 (Koenig, 2012). The most quote definition about KM is Davenport (1994)’s definition, “Knowledge management is the process of capturing, distributing and effectively using knowledge”. More specifically, Duhon (1998) defined KM as “a discipline that promotes an integrated approach to identifying, capturing, evaluating, retrieving, and sharing all of an enterprise’s information assets. These assets may include databases, documents, policies, procedures, and previously un-captured expertise and experience in individual workers.”