What Is Internet Naming System?

But how does it work? The internet, based on the concept of “packet switching”, involves the travelling of small packets of data over one or more networks (Frenzel, 2013). This can be compared to “electronic postcards”, meaning that “a computer generates a piece of data and flings it into the net, just like the postal system, except 100 million times faster” (Cerf, 2013). This concept allows one computer to speak to many different computers around the network by sending out these “electronic postcards”. However, before these networks can work seamlessly together, they must use a common protocol, or set of rules for transmitting and receiving these packets of data. There are several protocols currently in use, including the OSI Model, the TCP/IP Model, UDP, HTTP, and FDP (Mitchell, 2014), but the most commonly used is Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) (Gilmer, 2011). Even as early as 1977, TCP/IP was being used by other networks to link to ARPANET (Kozierok,

Looking back, technology has always been a part of our culture. Over time it has just looked differently and it has changed in many ways. One of the main technological features, the Internet, or what it originally was referred to, the World Wide Web, has made the most significant advances. In 1992, researchers from the University of Illinois created a browser called Mosaic. It allowed a simple way to search the web. Once word got out Congress allowed for companies to use it for commercial use and its popularity just spread. Websites, blogs, business and social media have taken us over by storm. The transformation of digital television, laptops, and cell phones have also completely defined our culture and how we integrate into society. The internet has brought all cultural, socioeconomic and educational and business groups together, but not without a price to many.

DNS- DNS stands for domain name server and is a network of servers that keep track of Internet Domain Names. Its main job is to authenticate and find domains. It translates IP Addresses into numbers, for example, 172.194.40.143 translates into

In the late 20th century, technology began advancing so quickly that entire world economies underwent extraordinary transformations in very little time. It used to be only a handful of powerful people and corporations interacting in global trade and commerce, but technology has made it so “countries like India are now able to compete for global knowledge,” giving leaders and companies the ability to work with more nations than ever before (Friedman 7). The internet has given men and women the power to connect, communicate and provide information to people across the planet in an instant. It has given people the opportunity to seek knowledge, educate themselves and single-handily play a role in the world economy. This is called

The Internet is, quite literally, a network of networks. It is comprised of ten thousands of interconnected networks spanning the globe. The computers that form the Internet range from huge mainframes in research establishments to modest PCs in people's homes and offices. Despite the recent hype, the Internet is not a new phenomenon. Its roots lie in a collection of computers that were linked together in the 1970s to form the US Department of Defense's communications systems. Fearing the consequences of nuclear attack, there was no central computer holding vast amounts of data, rather the information was dispersed across thousands of machines. A set of rules, of protocols, known as TCP/IP was

Scientists in the same year began to create what is known as today as the Modern World Wide Web, the emergence of the modern Internet today. Several online web servers held information on pages of text known as websites, in which they each had their own website name to access (History of the Internet). A new application called the web browser was created in order to access all of the web pages available on the internet to the public. The way the information was presented on the web page was with a hypertext markup language (HTML); this would become a standard format to display informational text (Goel, Tarun). A URL link was also introduced on the web browser as an address to access web pages for the public. The result of the internet had changed how people have done research to access more information and how people have communicated with one another (Goel, Tarun).

The option of internet simply limited by prevailing social structures and the worth or value society has for it. In this way technology is never neutral; it promotes certain institutions over others. For example, technology promotes governments whose interests are not the people but how the role of the internet can benefit themselves. Technology, the physical and organizational enabler; without appropriate technology, there would be no globalisation because through technology we extend social control across the dimensions of space and time. It plays an important role in modern society that impact many things. Most observers argue that technology, a force for integration, makes the world a smaller, better place. However, some may argue it distances people in different parts of the world away, both economically and politically. Important to remember that technology "is not an object, it is always a means to an end" (Rybczynski 1983, 213). The message here, remember this and use it wisely instead of for personal foolish reasons. Likewise, people choose globalization, not imposed, like some deus ex machina.

From the beginning of time, technology has always had a prominent impact on the societies of people who decide to use them. Looking all the way back to the invention of the compass, which had a major impact on the navigation, migration and globalization of ancient peoples, humanity’s greatest achievements have always had a strong correlation or a heavy reliance with technology. Fast forwarding to the 21st century, mankind has amassed a long list of significant technological innovations in infrastructure, transportation, medicine and the newest frontier being the internet. Technological advances over the past twenty years or so have opened eyes and minds around the world to the immense

The internet is the easier way for people to communicate with each other. It has made the world smaller by bringing people together everywhere and any time. This invention has important tools for people to contact and it has changed their way of communication in today busy world. In fact people are becoming totally dependent on the internet as a way of communication in their daily life, business and work. The limitation of old communication tools has made the use of internet for communication is wider all over the world .

The Domain Name System (DNS) is the system (or agent) responsible for resolving Domain Names (such as www.google.com) to IP Addresses (such as 212.0.130.23), which is required to make the Internet usable. This resolution list is distributed throughout the Internet in a hierarchy of authority. There 's normally a DNS server hosted by ISPs (Internet Service Providers) to serve their clients (Rouse 2005). The basic operation of DNS in a single Internet resource request is shown in Figure 1 (AFNIC 2009). It functions like a database that is distributed over DNS machines that interact with each other to be able to respond to a user 's query. The top of the DNS hierarchy contains the top level domains, such as .com, which are controlled by top level DNS servers. The DNS server implementation which is used for this paper is BIND, which is the most widely used DNS server implementation on the Internet today.

The internet may be the greatest invention in human history. It is able to connect almost all of the seven billion people on the Earth, and allows these people to share their ideas, but it also creates an intellectual property nightmare. The internet’s main goal is the spread of information, but sometimes the information isn’t obtained in a way which agrees with laws put in place to protect patent and copyright holders, and trademark owners. Since the invention and mass adoption of the internet, IP laws have been struggling to keep up and law makers have had to start thinking about IP as it pertained to the internet and how people used it.

DNS is one of the most critical components of the Internet Infrastructure. Many important services – including Web and email can function only because of the DNS. Every object has an identity by which it can be recognized. For human begins, the name, birthdate, social security numbers are the identifiers. For internet host, the hostname is an identifier. For example, www.yahoo.com, www.cnn.comgives user a very easy clue do identify that these websites are belong to which server on the internet. This hostnames are made of variable length which is difficult for routers to process. So IP addresses are used to overcome this issue. The DNS is very important to the internet which is primarily used for the mapping of hostnames to IP addresses. At a very high-level, there are primarily three main hierarchical and distributed levels of DNS servers with the top most hierarchical DNS server known as DNS Root Server. The second level DNS servers are known as Top-Level-Domain (TLD) DNS servers. The third and the lowest level DNS servers are known as authoritative DNS servers. The main purpose of designing hierarchical DNS Servers is to improve the DNS server’s scalability which was an issue with having a centralized DNS server. DNS provides various other services apart from the task of converting host names to IP address. It also carries some potential issues with respect to the security due to the underlying protocols. These protocols sometimes are not designed with authentication and

Computers (and other network devices like smartphones or tablets) use IP addresses to identify each other on the network and route your request to the site you are trying to access. It is just like dialing a phone number to reach the person you want to talk to, but thanks to DNS, you don’t need to maintain your own address book of IP addresses. You will simply connect via DNS server (also called “domain name server” or just “name server”). Domain name system servers match domain names like coursera.org to their associated IP addresses.

The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks, of local to global scope, that are linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless and optical networking technologies. The Internet carries a vast range of information resources and services, such as the inter-linked hypertext documents of the World Wide Web (WWW) and the infrastructure to support electronic mail.

BIND in Linux-- BIND (Berkeley Internet name domain) is the most commonly used DNS (domain name system) server on the Internet, and it is the defacto standard on Linux and other Unix-like operating systems. DNS is the name resolution (i.e., translation) system that permits users to locate computers on a network by using their domain name rather than their IP addresses. IP addresses, which form the basis of addressing on the Internet and most other networks, each can contain as many as 12 digits under the currently mainstream IPv4 addressing scheme (or as many as 32 hexadecimal digits under the next-generation IPv6 addressing scheme). It can be difficult for humans to remember such addresses, but it is relatively easy for them to remember domain names, which typically use alphabetic characters and consist of words, abbreviations or acronyms. BIND provides an openly redistributable reference implementation of the major components of the DNS, including a DNS server (called named), a DNS resolver library and tools for verifying the proper operation of the DNS server. The resolver library is a collection of functions written in the C programming language that provides hostname-to-IP address and IP address-to-hostname lookup services.BIND was originally written at University of California at Berkeley (UCB) as a graduate student project under a grant from the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Administration (DARPA). The acronym BIND originally stood for Berkeley Internet