What Is Nheengatu?

Scholar, Gloria Anzaldúa, in her narrative essay, “How To Tame A Wild Tongue’, speaks her many experiences on being pressured on what language to use. She then expresses how the discrimination made her to realize the ugly truth--that people reject languages that aren’t their own. She adopts logos, ethos and pathos in order to appeal toward her audience who is anyone who is not bilingual. One of the perspectives she takes on in her piece clearly expresses the relationship between language and identity and how it creates a conflict between her and the world.

The film “The Linguists” follows linguists Gregory Anderson and David Harrison on their journey to learn about and document endangered languages in Bolivia, India, Arizona, and Siberia. Through their quest, they are able to interact with some of the few remaining speakers of languages that are near death and they manage to make an impact on how these communities view their heritage language. Focusing on the moribund languages of Siberia and Arizona, it becomes evident that speakers of the heritage language feel a love for the language and the culture it represents, but went through periods of oppression and embarrassment for being speakers of a minority language that ultimately shaped their attitudes on the language.

Leslie Marmon Silko's essay, "Language and Literature from a Pueblo Indian Perspective," and Amy Tan's essay, "Mother Tongue," share similarities and differences. Both authors discuss the challenge of language, each from their own perspective.

As a child, around the age of five, I became friends with the children of a family that had just moved to our neighborhood from Hawaii. The parents would occasionally make statements in a language that the children could not speak. I realize now that they were making these statements in Hawaiian, although they did not speak the language fluently, and their children did not speak the language at all. Unfortunately, this loss of language from one generation to the next has been quite common in Hawaii since the early nineteen-hundreds when the influence of the United States resulted in institutionalized language death.

Most Kickapoo researchers actually believe that the language that the Kickapoo speak isn’t actually believed to be a language It is believed to be a dialect of the Native American language known as Mesquakie-Sauk. The fact that they spoke in a way that is connected to Fox and Sauk language means that those tribes might of been closely intertwined. It is an Algonquian language just like the Mesquakie-Sauk language, however Kickapoo is a tone language. A tone language means is that “the pitch of a vowel” will determine what the word means depending on if the pitch is low or high. This language still lives on in today 's world. This language lives on because it is still being taught to children

Dr. Keith Basso is a major player in the Linguistics and Indigenous Studies fields. His work is based on years of fieldwork done immersed within the Western Apache of Cibecue, Arizona. He spent years, studying the life and culture of the Western Apache people, and

than in any other country in the world. Many still speak Quechua, the language of the Incas. In 1975, Quechua was made one of the official languages.

”(Language matters with Bob Holman, January 19,2015). The language has this situation because human activity and natural disaster. In the Australia, the most people speak English, and English is the official language, but there are about 600 languages in Australia. Amurdag is Indigenous Australian language. Amurdag speaks in the Northern Territory of Australia.

In Chapter 28 “A Writing Lesson” from Tristes Tropiques, Claude Lévi-Strauss discusses the importance of language. The Nambikwara tribe in Brazil is fascinating. Nevertheless, the Nambikwara tribe is a major symbol representing contact between natives and outsiders. Even though this type of situation has been seen many times throughout history, it will never cease to be critical in understanding the way we evolve, interact, and identify as humans. Throughout the novel, The Buddha in the Attic, Japanese women struggle to connect with new people and surroundings in America as all they have ever known was their native land, Japan. Claude Lévi-Strauss's experience in “A Writing Lesson” might be used in reading Julie Otsuka's novel as both return to the root of communication and display how linguistic barriers are so limiting.

Other Penutian languages include Klamath-Modac, Cayuse, Molale, Coos, Takelma, Chinook, Tsimsnian and Zuni. Major languages being Zuni, Tsimahian and Sahaptin spoken mostly in New Mexico, British Columbia and north-central Oregon.

Recently, researchers working on a project geared toward the cataloging of basic word lists of the endangered aboriginal tongues in Australia, “met the sole living speaker of Amurdag, a language in the Northern Territory that has already been declared extinct” (Wilford, John Noble). It is doubtful that the language can be brought back, as the speaker “strained to recall words he had last heard from his late father” (Wilford, John Noble) but researchers were at least able to make a record of it.

There are three different species of hnau (sentient beings who function like humans in society) on Malacandra: hross, sorn, and pfifltriggi. They greatly differ when it comes to appearance, personality, and giftings, but each of them reflect different attributes. The hrossa are the most humanoid. Ransom states that a hross looks like “...a man seven feet high, with a snaky body, covered, face and all, with thick black animal hair, and whiskered like a cat...glossy coat, liquid eye, sweet breath and whitest teeth — and added to all these, as though Paradise had never been lost and earliest dreams were true, the charm of speech and reason.” They are imaginative and gifted in the arts, as well as adept outdoorsman. The hrossa are friendly and

As opposed to most Latin American countries, Paraguay's indigenous dialect and society, Guaraní, remains exceedingly compelling. Guaraní is perceived as an authority dialect close by Spanish, and both dialects are generally talked in the nation, with around 92 percent of the community talking Spanish and 98 percent talking Guaraní.

Nisin is available commercially as Nisaplin®. It contains 21⁄2 % of nisin A and material consisting salt and milk solids derived from the fermentation of a modified milk medium by nisin-producing strains of Lactococcus lactis (Delves-Broughton et al, 1996). The antimicrobial activity of nisin is expressed in International Units (IU). Nisin (pure) has an activity of 40 x 106 IU/g. Nisaplin® has an activity of 106 IU/g (Danisco, USA). Nisaplin® is commonly used in food processing applications and effective over a range of pH (3.5-8.0). It is used in a variety types of foods including processed cheese, cream products, dairy and fat-based desserts, yogurt, fruit and vegetable preparations, dips and snacks, pasteurized soup, processed meats and

Linguistic imperialism is a concept used by scholar Robert Phillipson, he mostly spoke about the imperialism of the English language, although this concept can be applied to all the world’s major international languages with imperialistic origins, when the original population had to adopt the invader’s language because of the benefits that accrue to the speakers of the languages when the dominant language has been imposed (Phillipson 31). Linguistic imperialism in Latin America started with the ‘discovery’ and the occupation of the New World by the European powers. Spanish and Portuguese language were imposed on the local populations and therefore many indigenous languages vanished. This essay will especially focus on Brazil and the