What Is Psychosurgery?

The main reason is that people were desperate for treatments for serious mental illness“ (The only reason why lobotomy was done was because of the need to treat the mentally ill in the past. Although, if lobotomy wasn't done psycho surgeons would not have the knowledge on the brain that they have now. In the “Oxford Companion to the Body” it states that “In addition, it also became evident that it [lobotomy] altered the behaviour and personality of patients, and this gradually limited its use, which further declined in the 1960s because of the development of pharmacological means of treating mental illness.” This just helps states that it was only used just because of the primitive knowledge of medicines and procedures. It also helps show that in history, doctors were just throwing ideas and experiments around to cure different diseases or illnesses. The “Oxford Companion to the Body” also states that “Psychosurgery, has been criticized because it has developed empirically more than on rational grounds, and because of a lack of ‘scientific’ evidence supporting its purported therapeutic efficacy.” This quote shows that there was no real proof to show that frontal lobotomy even worked. To put it put into perspective, it was like they took a wild, crazy person, did the procedure, and saw that

ID, ego and superego. He said you were born with ID which was in your

Experiments with psychiatric diagnosis these are considered experiments that people sometimes volunteer or sometimes they have an illness and they have to take medication in order to find out what is going on. They might be given strong medication so they see how they react or they want to see what happens in their heads. Sometimes they hook them up into machines and take a look at their brains to see how the medication is working. When this process is done, they go and they see what is wrong. Sometimes their brain shows where the damage is done. I have gone to see someone when they are doing this to their brain and well the picture is not that nice. You could see the brain and where the damage is done the brains are moving. It

Most insane asylums used several treatments. And some of those treatments are still used today. Many treatments were lobotomies, Trephinations, ice and restraints and Insulin therapy. Lobotomies consists of cutting or scraping away most of the connections to and from the prefrontal cortex, the anterior part of the frontal lobes of the brain. Not only did they perform Lobotomies but also Trephination. Trephinations is one of the earliest forms of treatment for mental illness. What

During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, treatments were usually inadequate for people with severe depression. As a result, many desperate people were treated with lobotomy, a surgical operation involving incision into the prefrontal lobe of the brain, which had become a popular “calming” treatment at the time. Lobotomies were often unsuccessful, causing personality changes, inability to make decisions, and poor judgement; or even worse, coma and sometimes death. A popular treatment for schizophrenics called Electroconvulsive therapy, was also used as a treatment for depressed

Psychosurgery is often called neurosurgery for the mental ill/disordered. It was said that the surgery could destroy brain tissue and eliminate the symptoms of mental illness all together. Even though it was first used by Gotttlieb Burckhardt it was not a popular procedure until American neurologist Walter Freeman. Freeman had a specific form of psychosurgery and that was lobotomy. Freeman believed that it could cut certain nerves and eliminate excessiveness of emotions and stabilize a personality.

As a student of psychology I have read about this procedure a few times during my studies. It seems possible that the doctors who performed this type of surgery may have been more interested in stretching the boundaries of medicine and gaining notoriety versus the actual care of the patient. The term psychosurgery describes a surgical intervention to change another person’s mood, thoughts, or behavior. This procedure was coined the frontal lobotomy. The procedure involved cutting the major connections between the prefrontal cortex and the rest of the brain. Lobotomies became part of a new age treatment for neurological diseases in the early 20th century. The original procedure, also known as a leucotomy, involved an injection of alcohol into

Neurosurgeons treat the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and their surrounding structures (Neurosurgery Wins). Neurosurgery is for individuals who find the human brain fascinating. Neurosurgeons have to make difficult decisions regarding the most vital functions of the brain and spinal cord such as the ability to think, speak, see, move, and feel (Neurological Surgery). Neurosurgeons operate on patients of all ages. They treat abnormalities that range from congenital anomalies of the newborn, to trauma, to tumors, to vascular anomalies or infections of the brain or spine, to abnormalities of the aging such as stroke or degenerative diseases of the spine (Job Shadow). Neurosurgeons are also asked to communicate to patients and family members about the possibility of death and the risk versus the benefits of surgical procedures. Neurosurgeons need stamina to do surgery. This is because a surgery can last anywhere from 1 hour to 15 hours or even longer if

Imagine, a sharp metal rod piercing through one's eye socket and scrambling the frontal lobe of the brain in order to cure “insanity.” That was one of the most common procedures for decades, resulting in risk of seizures and complete mental delusion. Insane asylums not only held patients captive in confined rooms for months on end, but would only be taken out to perform lobotomies, electroshock therapy, and other extremely painful methods to cure their disability. Psychiatric wards were an embarrassing and horrible part of history. The previous solution for curing mental illness was inhuman, because of the way patients were used as test subjects to experiment with mental health. Since the end of asylums, our understanding of the brain has

During the early to mid 20th century, not much was known about mental illnesses or what caused them, which was the way it had been for many years before. One of the somewhat common perceptions about mental illness was that these disorders were caused by possession or negative spirits. This can be most likely be attributed to the wide influence of the catholic church and the belief that exorcisms or psychosurgery could possibly cure incurable or intractable mental illnesses. Psychosurgery developed into the more common procedure known as a lobotomy, where the connections between the prefrontal lobe and the prefrontal cortex are cut with the intention of freeing the patient from delusions and side effects of other mental illnesses. Lobotomies began as a surgical procedure which needed to be performed in an operating room, as it required holes to be drilled through the scalp and into the skull. This meant that though the procedure was seen to show some

Neurological disorders and psychological disorders are very similar. In both cases, the patient hopes for recovery. Some will live normal lives after, others will manage, an unfortunate few will die. Psychologists and neurologists hope for best case scenarios, they treat their patient as well as they can with the knowledge they have. Sometimes this is not enough.

The two psychological interventions that were administered to McMurphy while in the mental institution were a lobotomy and shock therapy. A lobotomy is the removal of the portion from the frontal lobe of the brain. This procedure’s main goal is to eliminate aggressive or violent behavior. This invention took place in 1935 by Dr. Antonio Egas Moniz. However, by the late 1940s the realization those individuals undergoing lobotomy procedures took place without initiative became apparent. Although the methods of a lobotomy have changed the basic underlying idea of neurosurgery exists today in the form of “psychosurgery” (Encarta 2000). Shock Therapy uses electric current or drugs to control psychotic disorders. In 1933, Dr. Manfred Sakel used drugs and instituted insulin shock to control mainly Schizophrenia. In 1938, Drs. U. Cerletti and L. Bini used electroshock therapy to treat severe depression (i.e. manic depressive psychoses). Alternating current through the brain using parallel

There are hundreds of different careers in the medical field ranging from neurosurgeons to nurse practitioners. Psychiatry deals specifically with the diagnosis and treatment of mental, behavioral, and emotional ailments. The main purpose of a psychiatrist is to help people coop with issues and stress in their environment that make it difficult to lead a normal and healthy lifestyle. These issues may arise from abuse, addiction, mental disability, disease, or physical injury. It is the psychiatrist’s job to ensure the patient can maintain a healthy attitude and continue to provide for themselves. A Psychiatrist may choose to specialize in many sub classes of mental health including children and adolescents, geriatric psychiatry, addiction,

Psychotherapy, or "talk therapy", is a way to treat people with a mental disorder by helping them understand their illness. It teaches people strategies and gives them tools to deal with stress and unhealthy thoughts and behaviors. Psychotherapy helps patients manage their symptoms better and function at their best in everyday life.

I was always awkward sexually, I don’t mean awkward in the sense of performing coitus but rather everything else. During sex I rather enjoy myself as any young man would, but before the act and after It where the awkwardness kicks In, Is where I find myself loathing the world and the person I am about to, or have recently just fucked. Usually young men enjoy the chase and thrill of courting. My best friend prefers this to sex itself, he believes that “It is a canvas in which only the best artists are capable of painting on”. In some ways Intend to agree with him and then reality kicks in and I remember that people are disgusting creatures, before, during (especially during) and after sex.