What Is Schizoid Personality Disorder?

Schizophrenia is a mental health condition that is the base of several psychological symptoms. There are many people out there who suffer from this disorder and have no idea on how to cure it. Some people tend to spend their whole life with this disorder; whilst others get it treated as soon as they see first sign or symptom of it. Schizophrenia is not a disorder that cannot be treated; with the right kind of treatment, the disorder can be controlled and the individual suffering from it can be cured. The paper will discuss the schizophrenia disorder in detail, causes, risk, signs & symptoms, and treatments of it.

The DSM-5 notes frequent co-occurrence of other neurodevelopmental disorders. However, if a child’s symptoms are better and more completely explained by ASD, intellectual developmental disorder, global developmental delay or another mental disorder, a diagnosis of SCD cannot be made. The notable absence of restricted and repetitive behaviors is the important in appropriately diagnosing a patient with SCD versus ASD.

Even Though it is hereditary, nearly 60% of all schizophrenics do not have any relatives with the disease. Two other factors contribute to the development of the disease which are environmental factors and abnormal brain structure. (Understanding Schizophrenia) Environmental factors are anything that cause major stress or sickness in early stages of a person's life. Events during pregnancy

The SPQ is a 74 item self-report questionnaire consisting of dichotomous (yes/no) items. The SPQ measures three schizotypy factors (positive, negative and disorganised) and nine sub-factors based on the diagnostic criteria of the DSM-III-R for Schizotypal Personality Disorder. Higher scores indicate greater levels of symptomology. There is substantial evidence for reliability and validity of the SPQ as a measure of schizotypy (Raine, 1991).

Schizophrenia is a disease that is on a spectrum, there are five different subtypes. Paranoid schizophrenia is when a person is delusional and suspicious of others plotting against them or their family members. Disorganized schizophrenia also known as ‘hebephrenia’ includes hallucinations as well as illogical and incoherent thought and behaviors. Little or no interest in things, withdrawing and being in a constant daze describes catatonic schizophrenia. Residual schizophrenia includes not being motivated in life anymore, it is an acute version of the illness. Depression is associated with schizoaffective disorder, with them both having to do with frequent mood changes. All of these different types shows that there are a variety of schizophrenics.

A Schizoaffective disorder is a mental illness. The symptoms of this illness include having strange or unusual thoughts or perceptions, paranoid thoughts and ideas, delusion (i.e. having false, fixed beliefs), hallucination, such as hearing voices, and experience disorganized thinking (i.e. unclear and confused thoughts). They may have manic episodes or a sudden increase in energy and behavioural displays that are out of character. They may become irritable and have poor temper control, and even have thoughts of suicide or homicide. Their speaking style can be erratic, and difficult of others to understand, they may have problems with attention and memory. Their behaviour will be at extreme ends of the normal spectrum (catatonic behaviour)

When it comes to mental illness many people are rendered incompetent. One such mental illness is known as Schizoaffective disorders, that have various illnesses combined together to affect one’s perception and judgment. Equally important is when people with schizoaffective disorder have sporadic relapses and symptoms emerge that will cause dilemma. There is uncertainty about the prevalence of schizoaffective disorder, but it is stated that the disorder affect female more than males especially the depressive type. A clinical picture of the disorder and the criteria by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fourth edition, text revision, (DSM-IV-TR) for this disorder will be presented. In this paper, various symptoms are presented

What is Schizophrenia? According to the National Institute of Mental Health, schizophrenia is a chronic, severe, and disabling class of disorders in which severe distortions of reality occur (What is Schizophrenia?, n.d.; Feldman, 2013). Derived from the Greek words schizo and phren, Schizophrenia means split mind and describes the fragmented thinking of people with the disorder. (Burton, 2012). Affecting approximately one percent of Americans, Schizophrenia is seen equally in both men and women and occurs in all ethnic groups (What is Schizophrenia?, n.d.).

Spdfoundation1. (2010, April 10). In the clinic with Dr. A Jean Ayres/ The Sensory Integration Processing Disorder Foundation [Video File] Retrieved From

Genetics are the dominant cause, a person will be vulnerable of developing this disorder and have a greater risk if any of his family member with schizophrenia. But that doesn 't mean the person will have schizophrenia for sure. That will depend on the environmental stressors. Once the stress exceeds a threshold, the person will develop this disorder. And the threshold of different individual is also different, which is influenced by genetics or biology.

According to the DSM-IV (2000), schizotypal personality disorder occurs more often in males than in females and over three percent of the general population. The disorder

These attributes include: genetics, brain chemistry and function, and environment. The inclination of Schizophreniform may derive from parents or even grandparents. The chances of getting Schizophreniform are increased due to heredity if a family member has been diagnosed with Schizophreniform. Brain chemistry is another attribute that has been conveyed as being a cause for Schizophreniform. Individuals who have been diagnosed with Schizophreniform disorder could potentially have disparity of the amount of chemicals, also known as neurotransmitters, in the brain. Due to the lack of these neurotransmitters, their brain is incapable of sending messages to and from nerve cells. Because the nerve cells are not receiving the correct messages, this then leads to symptoms of Schizophreniform. Environment is attributed as a cause because the environment of individuals could possibly prompt Schizophreniform. Factors such as poor social cooperation, or an exceptionally distressing occasion can be triggers for an individual who has acquired this disorder

Sensory integration (SID), modulation (SMD), or as it is most commonly known as sensory processing disorders (SPD), is a dysfunction in how the nervous system obtains information from the senses and turns them into inappropriate responses that interfere with daily activities. As of 2013, up to three million children were said to be affected with SPD. However the American Psychiatric Association (APA) has yet to include SPD into the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). APA “argued that sensory problems are likely to be symptoms of other recognized development disorders, such as autism, attention-deficit/hyperactivity

Schizoaffective disorder is a disorder that is exhibited similarly to schizophrenia and mood disorders. Schizoaffective disorders characteristics consist of both auditory and visual hallucinations, delusions, mania, and depression. According to Pagel, “This seems all the more plausible because SAD (schizoaffective disorder), by definition, is characterized by criteria of two disorders (Pagel, 2014, p.239).” Many people have difficulty understanding the differences between schizoaffective disorder and schizophrenia, and the difference simply is that schizoaffective disorder also exhibits the symptoms of an affective disorder, along with hallucinations. Affective disorders consist of anxiety, depression and bipolar disorder. The affective disorder that will be exhibited with schizoaffective disorder is either bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder. The bipolar type of schizoaffective disorder will exhibit episodes of hypomania and mania, whereas the major depressive disorder type will exhibit only depression. Other symptoms that can occur with schizoaffective disorder are paranoia, impaired socialization skills, lack of proper hygiene, and inability to perform ADL’s properly. There can be many contributing causes of schizoaffective disorder such as, genetics, substance abuse, brain chemistry, and stress. Schizoaffective disorder can be related to brain chemistry, by chemical and hormone imbalances, delayed development, and exposure

Schizophrenia is a long-term mental disorder of a type involving a breakdown in the relation between thought, emotion, and behavior, leading to faulty perception, inappropriate actions and feelings, withdrawal from reality and personal relationships into fantasy and delusion, and a sense of mental fragmentation (Merriam-Webster 's Learner 's Dictionary). A psychotic disorder characterized by loss of contact with the environment, by noticeable deterioration in the level of functioning in everyday life, and by disintegration of personality expressed as disorder of feeling, thought (as delusions), perception (as hallucinations), and behavior, called also dementia praecox, compare paranoid schizophrenia, contradictory or antagonistic qualities or attitudes ,both parties…have exhibited schizophrenia over the desired outcome — Elizabeth Drew(Merriam-Webster 's Learner 's