What Is The Conclusion Of The Basal Area

On September 17th, 2015 our group went on the Orange Trail of the State Botanical Garden of Georgia in Athens, Georgia to collect data for our lab. The biome of this area that we explored fit a temperate deciduous forest type. We walked along the trail and picked random spots to start measuring our transects. We measured DBH size and canopy coverage at 10, 20, 30, and 40 meters respectively along each transect for a total of six transects. We used a densitometer to measure the percent of canopy coverage of the tree closest to the center of the sampling points along each of the transects. We used a measuring tape to measure out 10, 20, 30, and 40 meters respectively along each of the six

Every forest has a story to tell. By looking closely at its habitants, that story can be interpreted. Much of this narrative is written in the trees: their age, their tolerance to shade, and the rate at which they grow are all characteristics that can imply a lot about their environment. Exploring these relationships and how they connect with each other can indicate the health and history of the land. Heiberg Forest, located in northern New York, was once used for agricultural purposes in the 1800-1900’s. (Nowak, Lecture Notes) Much of the land once used for farming was left to regrow back into a young forest. The life history of different tree species can be determined by examining the most common species in Heiberg.

The topography of the island is also of note. The west end of the island features a closed-canopy forest with more hardwood trees. The east end of the island is better characterized as a “boreal forest,” a term used to describe regions that are mostly covered by coniferous forests. It is good to note that the balsam fir is found on both ends of the island, but that samples used in the study from the west end of the island were, on average, older, but shorter, than those samples found on the east side of the island.

Iterations of analysis eliminated data points that were listed as “unusual observations,” or any data point with a large standardized residual. After 5 iterations, the analysis showed improved residual plots. Randomness in the versus fits and versus order plots means that the linear regression model is appropriate for the data; a straight line in the normal probability plot illustrates the linearity of the data, and a bell shaped curve in the histogram illustrates the normality of the data.

Please record the address of the property where the samples were collected, or—even better—provide GPS coordinates). You will bring these leaves to the college and will identify the trees they came from using accepted scientific methodology. I will give you guidance in how to identify the tree species. (Note that this may involve meeting outside of class time). You will then write a paper, using the same format as your regular lab report, on the identity of the trees, whether they are native to our area or not, and discuss why they might be growing where you found them. Your paper will be reviewed and you will have the option to either accept the grade given, or correcting any problems found. If problems are corrected, your grade will be raised to the maximum and your paper submitted for possible publication online at www.saturnjournal.org. This will be worth 10 bonus points. 3. Extra exam credit. There will be four bonus points available on each of the two lab practicals, and five bonus points on the final lecture exam, for a total of thirteen bonus points. Total bonus points available = 30. When added to your lowest qualifying exam grade, this equates to a maximum of six (6) points added to your final course average. EXAM POLICY: A. Repeating exams. Please note that each exam may be taken once only. Exams may not be repeated because you are not happy

What is the r-value? Does the r-value suggest a positive or negative correlation? Is the correlation weak or strong? Looking at the significance value, is the correlation significant?

Boxelder Maple trees depend on the dispersal of their samaras to reproduce. The samaras are the seeds of the tree that are shaped in such a way that the wing of the seed causing it to spin. The seed does not fall directly but instead twirls like a helicopter making it stay in the air longer. With the wind the seed can then me dispersed away from the parent tree to take rout and grow on its own. Not all seeds float away from the parent seed and take rout. Some end up falling to close to the parent tree not allowing them to survive due to not getting nutrients and sunlight. “Recent field studies have made progress in elucidating the mechanisms behind these patterns and the implications of these patterns for recruitment success”

The analysis of the data was done by employing the following statistical techniques which were chosen only after the investigator found them to be most appropriate and compatible to the data. Each statistical method is based upon its own specific assumptions regarding the nature of the sample, its universe and research conditions. These factors were considered in advance. Following statistical measures were

There are 458 tree species in 2.5 acres in the region. If we compare this to the entire U.S. that means double the number of tree species.

To see the differences of the two sites, basal area, density, species richness, and the Shannon diversity index were used. Basal area and density is the average amount of space of trees in hectares. Basal area is taken using the tree diameters while density uses the number of trees. Species richness is the number of species found. Abundance of each species is used to find the Shannon diversity index. The Sorensen similarity index compares the areas based on the number of the same species. Also, different species were looked at to find the relative basal area, relative density, and importance value of the trees. There were differences and similarities in both

One hundred and fifty two of the trees surveyed were dead (7.1%), with 81 of those (53.29%) situated in the Green Prairie management unit (Figure 9). Sixty seven out of this 152 trees (44%) were unable to identified and classified as Unknown. Of the percentage that could be identified, Black/Red Oak and Black Cherry presented the bigger frequencies (50 and 16, respectively).

When analyzing the map obtained for percentage of canopy density in Southwestern Grady Oak Savanna and part of the Green Prairie unit, we can see how there’s some areas that are close to what we would expect in terms of canopy density for an Oak Savanna. This areas, like the ones in the Northwestern part of the Southwestern Grady Oak Savanna and the northern half of the Green Prairie present percentages of canopy cover lower than 50%. However, most of the area analyzed presents a percentage of canopy density bigger than 50%, with some areas presenting values ranging as high as from 86% to 99%. The southern part of the Southwestern Grady Oak Savanna is one of them. The effects of this closed canopy can be

After recording all of the data, these data were then input into a statistical program called StatCat to determine normality through a normality test. The data for surface area, length-to-width ratio, mass, and specific leaf mass for sun and shade leaves were both normal, therefore, we chose a paired sample t-test for all of them. A normality test was not needed for color for sun and shade leaves due to it being a nominal scale data. The number of light, medium, and dark shade leaves were tallied up according to color, and the same was done for the sun leaves. A contingency table was made in

The regression results match the theory that it practice because multiple R is 0.22. Not only positive but large enough that one can conclude that the coefficient is positive. Including my correlation being positive it is also happens to be statistically significant. Because the p-value was 0.00240546, putting itself in the 99% assuring that it is statistically significant because it is less than 5%., meaning that these results did not happen by just chance. Although the coefficient is procyclical and is statistically significant, problems can arise with the simple empirical model. Omitted variable bias is one of them, what if one misses important data for the X coefficient? Those few missing data points could completely the graph of the data. Another problem is bias that can cause either variable to influence the other. X can cause Y, and Y and cause X. Although these are not the only two problems with the simple empirical model, both of these can have a major impact on the X and Y

In this case, level of significance, α was not provided. Therefore, the analysis will be evaluated based on two α values which are: