What Is The Link Between The Expansion Of Bank Loans In Gapan

The figures of both the trace statistics and the Max-Eigen statistics are all greater than their critical values at 5% significant level and also their corresponding probabilities are less than 5%, this implies that we reject the null hypothesis of no co-integration relationship at the 5% significant level for None and At most 1 respectively. But as we reject the null hypothesis of no co-integration relationship at the 5% significant level for None and At most 1, we fail to reject the null hypothesis of At most 2 co-integration relationship at the 5% significant level; since both the trace statistics (41.94812) and Max-Eigen test statistics (19.94812) are less than their critical values at same significant levels of (47.85613) and (27.58434) respectively. The co-integration test score shows the existence of long-run relationship among agricultural growth, export, foreign direct investment, infrastructure development, intellectual property right, literacy rate and research &

By contrast, Greece’s public debt is valued at about 130 percent of it's GDP at the beginning of it's present default misfortunes. While Japan may well be able to service this substantial debt without the risk of sovereign default, making the assumption that it's low-interest-rate climate is maintained, it's difficult to see how conditions for fast or even moderate economic growth could be generated with these circumstances

Also, this estimation allows the using of a lagged dependent variable to check whether there is a possible cointegration in the economic variables, with the possibility of one variable forecasting another (Campbell & Shiller, 1988). Including the lagged dependent variable can reduce the occurrence of autocorrelation arising

Considering the following regression model: BRi=β0++β1(Y)+β2(Z)+ui which connects the bank rate (BR) of Canada to foreign exchange rates(Y) and CPI(Z). In this model X1 and X2 are the corresponding independent variables exchange rates and CPI measured in decimals. There were three estimation methods that were used to estimate the model: The Durbin Watson test is used to test the presence of autocorrelation. The residual values from the regression analysis helps determine if there is a relationship between values that are lagged. The result of the Durbin Watson test lies between 0 and 4 and depending on the value it will show the presence or absence of autocorrelation. The value that is closer to 0 indicates that there is positive autocorrelation, 2 indicates that there is no autocorrelation and values approaching 4 indicate that there is negative autocorrelation. For the hypothesis testing I’ve used the F-Statistic testing, in the later section of the paper I will explain my findings and the results.

The U.S. government made a strict money related administrative framework in mid 1930, which functioned admirably till 1960's. John Marynard Keynes and Hyman Minsky supplanted it with effective money related business hypothesis and new traditional macro hypothesis which consequently brought about an insecure more tightly regulated, the monetary framework through deregulation pushed by the hypotheses of Keynes and Minsky. Case in point, the imperfect foundations and practices of the current money related administration, which is otherwise called the New Financial Architecture (NFA). The base of the NFA is an extremely frail hypothetical establishment. NFA is in view of business banks, lighters regulations like speculation banks and little. Cortty clarifies in his paper that the NFA's key structure is in view of evidently unfeasible suspicions and has no persuading truthful backing . Case in point, China couldn't get away from the effect of worldwide lull as it was inexorably reliant on fares, which consequently brought about closing down numerous assembling firms and made a genuine occupation challenge. New open doors could likewise open in China due to the emergency which may have the

In addition, through observing the changing trend in the exogenous variables, it is feasible to predict what these exogenous variables, government spending and money supply, would be in the future. With these predicted values of the exogenous variables, I used a larger sample period to get the equations for consumption, investment, and lending interest rate, and created a new model. Based on the new model, I ran another post sample simulation to analyze what China’s real GDP will be in the future if the consumption-GDP ratio increases, and the investment-GDP ratio

The change during the 19 century and advancement of technology created a gateway for international trade which has become essential for the growth of globalization. Although some constricted interests may be hindering, the overall benefits to economic growth is substantial. Nations with strong international trade have become prosperous and have the power to control the world economy through technological growth. Since the second half of the nineteenth century, Japan’s productivity growth has become the other major industrialized economy. The United States collaboration with Japan has structural changed. Japan’s superior performance has shown rapid economic growth has coincided with labor markets, capital markets, and product markets whose

Japan and West Germany became global economic powerhouses in a few decades after both having lay in ruins. Japan became the second largest economy in the world after the United States in 1968, experiencing average growth of up to 9% per year between 1955 and 1973. The German “Wirtschaftswunder” economic miracle accelerated even faster, transforming West Germany into the second largest economic powerhouse by the 1950s. The fact that West Germany received $1.3 billion in aid for reconstruction from the U.S shows the importance of investment in capital. This essay will use the neoclassical growth model (Solow, 1999) to outline some of the reasons for countries’ different growth rates, accepting the notion that capital accumulation is the main cause, but refuting the idea that it is the only cause.

Investment led growth, meaning, not export led, is what really pushed Japan’s progress. Both big and small businesses around Japan used their new found specializations to invested in the government and the country. “Rising domestic savings made increasing capital accumulation possible” (Mosk 2004). At this point, with their

From 1952 to 1971, their GDP growth in a average is nine point six percent per year. From 1972 to 1991, the economic growth still average annual growth rate of four percent per year. There were many reasons caused this phenomenon, which were including the starting point of Japanese economy. The second world war destroyed the Japanese economy, killed millions of people, destroyed the 40 percent of the Japan's capital stock. Capital return rate was very high, so people had very strong and the investment and accumulation of more capital, it will naturally increase the growth rate of the economy. Second, Japan's high rate of investment and capital accumulation through the domestic savings rate, thus made the country's economic growth (Powell).

The deregulation of financial markets catalysed by Globalisation worldwide has impacted on the amount of trade within the Japanese economy beneficially allowing easier access to foreign currencies, facilitating a higher flow of goods between nation, by relaxing laws that severely prevented foreign buying of currency, and floating the yen. These drivers have helped boost Japan's trade and recovery from its recession. Technology has allowed finances to be traded and communication to be near to instantaneous. This has increased dramatically the amount of FDI into Japan largely thanks to the numerous strategies the Japanese government has taken to promote economic growth and hence development. Finance and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) have increased as a direct result of globalisation doubling from $63 billion in 2001 to $144 billion in

The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of a set of the recent Japanese government policies. Before China overtaking the second largest economy in the world in 2011, Japan has kept the position for several decades. However, after the housing bubbles burst in 1990s, Japan had economically struggled where it can no longer grow at such a substantial rate as previously. In fact, its economy had shrunk when other neigbouring economies, such as Taiwan and South Korea, had prospered. So Abe Shinzo was elected as the prime minister of Japan and he has tried to revive the economy under Abenomics; yet, its impacts on the real economy seem ineffective until recently. This is why I think it will be interesting to evaluate whether Abenomics was the best option for Japanese government for reviving the economy from the prolonged recession.

in the equation 2. But, unlike the ADF test, there are no lagged difference terms. Instead, the equation is estimated by OLS and then the t-statistics of the P coefficient is corrected for serial correlation in εt. The co- integration allows the analysis to clarify the true relationship between two variables, by searching for co- integration factor and remove its influence when necessary .

Table 4.1 presents the panel unit-root test results. There are two groups of hypotheses that are involved here. In the first four methods, the null hypothesis is: there is panel unit-root and the alternative hypothesis is: there is no panel unit-root and the decision

Japan ranks as the third largest economy in the world as of 2010. The GDP at current prices in US dollars in Japan was reported at 5068.06 billion in 2009, according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Japan’s resurgence after World War II has however reached an inflection point in yearly 1989 after the burst of Japan’s asset price and real estate bubbles. As can be seen from the graph below, Japan’s GDP has hovered around the same level through more than 20 years of economic stagnation. The GDP’s slow growth has been exacerbated by the world financial crisis of 2008. A major landmark of Japan’s stagnation has been the BOJ’s fight against deflation.