What Is The Similarities Between Afghanistan And India

At the start of the new millennium, China became rapidly known as the fastest growing economy sparking the greatest shift of relative power in history. Coincidence, or not, Afghanistan’s narrow border with China made it a perfect strategic target to presume military presence within the Asian region. Arguably, the invasion of Afghanistan lays largely on a tactical plan designed by the US to resist

When the Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan on December 1979, the goal was to help Afghan communist forces set up a communist government. The Soviet Union felt Afghanistan had key resources and a foothold in the Middle East to spread communist ideas. The result would be a war that the Soviet Union wishes it never got involved in and likened to their “Vietnam War”, meaning winning a number of battles but not the war like what happened to the U.S. in Vietnam. The background of the war, outcome of the war, and impact on the United States are key to understanding the Soviet-Afghan War.

“Afghanistan was a monarchy ruled by King Zahir Shah. On July 17, 1973, when the king was on away on vacation, a man by the name of Mohammad Daoud Khan attained power. The military takeover did not cause any bloodshed, but as we see through Amir's story, it was still a frightening time for the people of Kabul who heard rioting and shooting in the streets. For six years, Mohammad Daoud Khan was President and Prime Minister of Afghanistan. Then, on April 27, 1978, he was violently overthrown by the PDPA, People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan. Daoud was killed in

For over 2 centuries, Afghanistan has known virtually no time without war. Beginning around 326 B.C. with the conquests of Alexander the Great, to the Persians, British, Russians and most recently, America and our NATO allies, Afghanistan has been cultivated into the country that it is today through a trial by fire. Regardless of this relentless onslaught of foreign military power, the Afghan people have tirelessly defended their homeland with no outside power ever being able to subdue them completely. Following the withdrawal of the Soviet Union in 1989, the country fell into civil war, torn even further apart by fiercely dedicated tribal warlords. This power vacuum led to the rise of a group called the Taliban. Led by a one eyed man

In 1979, the USSR took control of the Afghan capital, Kabul, and tried to gain control over the whole country and its people. The invasion was a failure, costing thousands of lives and having serious consequences.

But soon when the full Arab force arrived they werquickly dispatched. From 900-1050 CE the Rajputs Controlled most of the Afghani area, until they were overthrown by the Ghazni’s. The Ghaznavids then ruled until 1148 when they fell out of power, not to come back until half a century later. Various princes attempted a rule of the area but made no notable progress until the Shah Muhammad of Khwarezmid Empire conquered all of Persia and continued the conquest, but in 1219 the Persian Empire had fallen to the Mongolian Army led by Khan. Not long after the Timurids came into the Afghanistan area and ruled, bringing a strict, but prosperous rule, moving the capital to Herat. In the early 16th century the empire began to decline, but not before restoring an infrastructure. For 300 years the Afghan tribes invade india and created vast afghan-indo mixes. Soon after in the 16th Century western Afghanistan was reverted back to Persian rule. From the start of the middle ages to around 1750, part of Afghanistan was recognized and named as Khorasan. Areas around hindustan and the Hindu Kush mountains were finally recognized as Afghanistan. In the 16th to the 17th Century Afghanistan was divided up into 3 major areas. The North was ruled under

With the tales of these three individuals told, it is hard not to feel a sense of pity and uncertainty about Afghanistan and especially the United States’ role in Afghanistan. With the consensus of entering Afghanistan originally being to stop terrorism, throughout Gopal’s book it seems that the goal, or better yet, the idea of wiping terrorism away had certainly been lost. No longer does it seem that the United States is helping, rather that the U.S. is one of the main problems in the country. The details and facts listed in the book open a

Russian military involvement in Afghanistan has a long history, going back to Tsarist expansions in the long standing relationship between Russia and Britain (Rubin 1995). This began in the 19th century with such events as the Panjdeh Incident, a military conflict that occurred in 1885 when Russian forces seized Afghan territory south of the Oxus River around an oasis at Panjdeh (Rubin 1995). This interest in the region continued on through the Soviet era, with billions in economic and military aid sent to Afghanistan between 1955 and 1978 (Rubin 1995).

Just as civil conflict led to international conflict, international conflict lead to additional threats from other countries. Although GB only became involved with Afghanistan to prevent Russia from invading, within two centuries their involvement became futile. In 1979, Soviets invaded Afghanistan. Even after a long period of independence in Afghanistan, Afghan troops were unable to defeat the Soviets. The war was brutal, and lasted for an entire decade. Afghanistan remained a weak state from the Soviet-Afghan war, which made them susceptible to intervention from the U.S in 2001. Both events, the Soviet invasion and the arrival of American troops, can be traced back to the border. The border led to complex issues which occurred in quick succession, therefore Afghanistan and Pakistan had to pay attention to the issues that were right in front of them, because they were so apparent and pressing. However, as Af and Pak were distracted, more powerful countries like America and Russia were able to invade. It was an awareness of surrounding political climates that kept Russia and GB out of Afghanistan during the first Anglo-Afghan war, but with their own borders and issues to worry about Af and Pak paid no attention to other

Before the Soviets invaded Afghanistan, race and wealth defined power. At the bottom of the socioeconomic ladder were the Hazaras. The Hazaras had no power at all and some even thought they were a disgrace to Afghanistan, like Assef believed “Afghanistan is the land of Pashtuns. It always has been, always will be. We are the true Afghans, the pure Afghans, not this flat nose here. His people pollute our homeland, our watan. They dirty our blood.” (Hosseini 33).

Since 1960, Pakistan was perceived in the U. s. States as an integral bulwark against the globalized Communism in the Cool War. The U. s. States very carefully strengthened Pakistan during 1971 although The legislature kept in place an hands embargo. In 1970, Indian local

Shortly after the Republic of Afghanistan was set up by Mohammed Daoud Khan, the Afghanistan 's presidential palace was attacked by a section of the communist People 's Democratic Party of Afghanistan called the Khalq faction. Mohammed Daoud Khan was killed and his government overthrown in the process of this revolution called the Saur Revolution. A man named Nur Muhammad Taraki takes control of the new government that came into power after the Saur Revolution, and he set up a Marxist Government. His government 's goal was to industrialize Afghanistan and provide full equality for women. This enraged fundamentalists deeply, but Taraki carried on with his plans. On December 5th of 1978, Taraki signed the “20 Year Treaty of Friendship” with the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics(USSR). This treaty was developed for a few reasons. One, to strengthen the internal strength of Taraki 's party, and Afghanistan 's international security and presence. Two, the Soviets agreed to undertake helping Taraki improve Afghanistan 's social and economic achievement. Third, to increase the defensive capabilities of both nations. Finally, to declare a twenty year “unshakable” friendship between the two parties.

The Afghani experience with the Soviet Union is nothing like Central Asian-Russian relations. Ideologically Russia had the same goal for both Central Asia and Afghanistan, hoping that one day both Central Asia and Afghanistan will eventually become Communist nations. The route chose to accomplish this goal did not pan out as planned. Central Asian countries were first invaded in 1715 and again in 1865, there was little to no resistance. Russia came with economic interest and nothing else, the search for gold and the prospect of the Fergana Valley cotton industry. They lived parallel lives, did not mix with the locals or even attempt to implement themselves in Central Asian government. Central Asia never had the ability to defend itself from Russia and Russia had a legitimate geostrategic interest in controlling the region keeping it safe from any ground

Afghanistan is a country that is mysterious to many outsiders. From the harsh landscape to the traditional social norms shared by its people, Afghanistan continues to mystify the world. The country’s unique location has influenced its history and people, and that of the nations and armies that have tried to conquer it. Like all nations, Afghanistan’s geography, infrastructure, history and people contribute to the overall culture of the country.

This essay attempts to shed some light on the question: "To what extent can the Cold War be looked upon as the main event in shaping the political, economic and military schemes in India and Pakistan 1991?" It starts off by explaining the Cold War, its far reaching implications and the effect it had on two bitter neighbours, India and Pakistan. The focus of the essay then moves onto explaining the nature of the Cold War and its effect upon