What Makes Mammals So Complex?

The respiratory system and digestive system work together by producing mucus, which is a part of the defense mechanism, the respiratory and the digestive system form. This is done by, the goblet cells when a microorganism enters the body. The main function of the mucus is to collect these micro organisms. The mucus then gets transferred down the oesophagus by cilia which then the mucus is exposed to hydrochloric acid that is in the stomach. The digestive system supports the respiratory system by making the necessary nutrients to the diaphragm, which enables breathing to take place effectively and efficiently without any problems.

The Respiratory system is an integrated system of organs involved in the intake and exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between an organism and the environment. Your Respiratory system is made up of the organs in your body that help you breathe. The Respiratory system is the system of the body that deals with breathing. The trachea is a wind pipe. The trachea is a pipe shaped by rings of cartillage. A Bronchi are two tubes that carry air into the lungs. The Respiratory system consistes of many different organs. The organs are the lungs, trachea, bronchi, alveoli, diaphragm, nose, mouth, and pharynx. In the Respiratory system the right lung is larger and has more lobes that the left lung becuase the heart is normally located on the left side, and takes up space where the lung would had been. The functions of the Respiratory system is to supply the blood with oxygen in order for the blood to deliver oxygen to all parts of the body. The Respiratory system is also used for the of exchange gases. The importance of the Respiratory system is that it allows for the exchange of gases; meaning carbon dioxide and oxygen. These gas exchanges occur in the alveoli's and the capillaries. This gas exchange of gases is the Respiratory system's means of getting oxygen to the blood. The goal of breathing is to

* How would you describe the structure and function of this animal’s respiratory system? Include any unique characteristics. The primary function of the respiratory system is to supply the blood with oxygen in order for the blood to deliver oxygen to all parts of the body. The respiratory system does this through breathing.

This concept is taken from Block 4, Module 6 which is entitled as ‘Assessment of respiratory system’. The respiratory system comprises of different organs used in respiration. Respiration involves inhalation and exchange of oxygen and carbondioxide between living organisms and the environment. The organs of respiration include; the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, 2 bronchi, bronchioles, 2 lungs and muscles of breathing (the intercostal muscles and the diaphragm).

Furthermore multi-cellular organisms require specialised organ systems, whereas all the life processes within a unicellular organism take place within that one cell. multi-cellular organisms need organ systems to carry out functions such as: communication between cells including the nervous and circulatory system, to supply

There is an enormous variety of life on our planet Earth ranging from simple cell bacteria to complex multicellular animals. Animals are creatures in the kingdom Animilia, one of the kingdoms in Whitakers 5 kingdom system. Their bodies consist of 555tanimal eukaryotic cells. Meaning their cell or cells contain a nucleus, are surrounded by a cell membrane (phospholipid bilayer) and can self-reproduce in a free medium. However, not all animals are anatomically the same. They have evolutionized, inside and out, from the ancestral protozoa all the way to the most complex animals chordates. As the animals evolved, cells became tissue, tissues became organs,

Our mouth, esophagus, stomach, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, large intestine, small intestine, rectum, and anus come together to form the digestive system which breaks down our food into simpler molecules. The food enters through the mouth, travels down the esophagus, breaks down in the stomach, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder and then moves through the intestines down to the rectum and anus. A pig’s digestive system is no different than a human’s. A foregut, midgut, hindgut, and a digestive gland form the digestive system of a crayfish. The foregut contains the stomach (partially breaks the food down), the

Bears have established to eating both plants and meats therefore their digestive systems have adapted over time to assist these needs. Their digestives systems are very similar to a humans. A few key functions that occurs in the digestive system of a bear include:

The respiratory system is a complex organ structure of the human body anatomy, and the primary purpose of this system is to supply the blood with oxygen in order for the blood vessels to carry the precious gaseous element to all parts of the body to accomplish cell respiration. The respiratory system completes this important function of breathing throughout inspiration. In the breathing process inhaling oxygen is essential for cells to metabolize nutrients and carry out some other tasks, but it must occur simultaneously with exhaling when the carbon dioxide is excreted, this exchange of gases is the respiratory system's means of getting oxygen to the blood (McGowan, Jefferies & Turley, 2004).

The digestive system is very important in digesting food and breaking it down so it can be digested easily. The digestive system turns food into energy. Throughout the process there are nutrients which are absorbed. There are many things that contributed to the digestive system such as the mouth which produces saliva which helps to break down food and nutrients such as carbohydrates with the help of an enzyme called amylase. The major food groups which are called macro nutrients include carbohydrates, proteins and fats. All of these nutrients play an important role in the body. There are also many micro-nutrients which include vitamins and minerals which provide the body with health and well-being. The digestive system is made up of the mouth, which includes the teeth (the teeth are used to cut and grind food into smaller pieces, they contain blood vessels and nerves), tongue (the tongue is a muscle that has a rough surface including the taste buds), salvia glands (they produce salvia which moistens the food to make is easier to digest), the pharynx (this helps the food travel to the stomach, the pharynx also plays an important role in the respiratory system. It also contains 2 different flaps to separate the 2 functions), esophagus (this connects the pharynx to the stomach and transports chewed food to the stomach), stomach (this is a muscle that is

According to Zimmermann, “The main purpose of the respiratory system is to supply oxygen to the body which then supplies energy to the cells. It also helps expel carbon dioxide from the body”. If the body cannot carry out those tasks, the body could not live longer than a couple of minutes. The respiratory tract is composed of the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs, bronchi, and diaphragm, each of which has their own specific function. The nasal cavity helps trap dust particles from being inhaled with the help of nose hair follicles. The pharynx allows food and air to pass and also plays a role in speech. The larynx is necessary for speech as well. The trachea is the main airway to the lungs. The lungs are important for expelling carbon dioxide and supplying the capillaries with oxygen. The bronchi is a network of complicated passages that supply the lungs with air, and the muscular diaphragm allows air into the lungs by the motion of contracting and releasing the muscle. All four organisms possess both nares allowing them to inhale through nostril openings and palates that act as a barrier between the nose and mouth to keep liquids from leaking back up through the nose. All organisms except the fish have a glottis, larynx, and trachea. Since the glottis and larynx are used for producing sounds and vocals, the fish do not need to have these structures if they live underwater. They also do not need a

Like insects, these mammals prevent their gas exchange systems from drying out by having an internalized respiratory system. Mammals ventilate their gas exchange system (lungs) when the diaphragm, a dome-shaped cup with a flexible rim, contracts and moves down. At the same time the rib muscles contract causing the ribcage, which protects and supports the lungs, to expand and move upwards. This increases the internal volume of the chest cavity and the lungs, decreasing the pressure on the lungs. As pressure decreases air flows through two air ways, the nose or mouth, past the pharynx and down through the trachea into the lungs. Air taken in through the nose is warm and moistened, helping maintain a constant body temperature. It is also filtered by tiny hairs, called cilia, lining the nasal passage. Once past the pharynx air passes through the trachea. This is a large tube strengthened by stiff rings of cartilage, preventing the air way from collapsing in on itself due to the force of gravity. Like the nose the trachea is also lined with tiny hair like projections called cilia, filtering the incoming air, preventing unwanted substances clogging the gas exchange system. The trachea splits into two bronchi also containing bands of cartilage, each enters one of the two lungs. The bronchi then divided into smaller, finer branches of tubes called bronchioles. As the tubes decrease in size the

While the Mimus Polyglottos lives on land and the Orcinus Orca lives in the sea, the respiratory system of these two species is worth perceiving the way they have evolved from there past ancestors and the similarities these two bring together. As time goes by, these two species have changed from very modest animals to more progressive animals. There respiratory systems have advanced depending on their environment. By proceeding into the way these two species have evolved we can create a more unfathomable and complex understanding of the respiratory system between the two.

Mammals use a ventilation system to carry out gas exchange. Diffusion of the respiratory gases occurs because the body needs to get rid of the carbon dioxide (a product of cell respiration) through exhalation and needs to absorb oxygen as oxygen is vital for cell respiration to make ATP. Oxygen in the air is ventilated into the body by inhalation (moving air from the atmosphere into the lungs) through either the mouth or he nasal cavity, after which it travels down the trachea (throat) towards the lungs. The first thing the air comes in contract with is the bronchi, which are The airways of the lungs, after a person takes in a breath of air, the air travels through the nose or mouth, down into the trachea, The trachea then divides two main

In the course of AP Biology, there are four “Big Ideas”. The first one is “The process of evolution drives the diversity and unity of life”. The second is “Biological systems utilize free energy and molecular building blocks to grow, to reproduce and to maintain dynamic homeostasis”. The third is described as, “Living systems store, retrieve, transmit and respond to information essential to life processes.” And finally the four is “biological systems interact, and these systems and their interaction possess complex properties”. (College Board).