What Motivated The Luddites

Luddism, for example, was one of the ideologies that opposed the industrial changes that liberalism brought. The jobs of the skilled textile workers were lost and replaced by machines operated by unskilled laborers. The Luddites protested and even broke into factories, destroying many machinery. Chartism was another example of the response to the unrecognized individual rights. Chartism was a working- class movement with the main focus on political and social reform in society (Fielding, 2009, 132). The Chartists wanted a political and social reform in society because they could be granted the rights to participate in these aspects of society. Utopian Socialists were humanitarians who advocated an end to the appalling conditions of the average worker in the industrial capitalist countries (Fielding, 2009, 134). They believed that education and the improved working conditions could peacefully remove the worst aspects of capitalism and lead to an ideal socialist society where everyone would live happily. “It is therefore the interest of all, that everyone, from birth, should be well educated, physically and mentally, that society may be improved in its character; that everyone should be beneficially employed, physically, and mentally, that the greatest amount of wealth may be created and knowledge attained….” (Fielding, 2009, 135). Another essential resistance to liberalism was showcased by the ideology of classical conservatism. The beliefs of

The article ‘Rise of the Machines’ is Not a Likely Future (2015), Michael Littman addresses the issue and worries that people have with regards to technology. The article attempts to persuade readers to believe that there is no need to fear technology as it is just not possible that they can overtake humanity. Zeynep Tufekci touches on the issue of machines taking over jobs of human, titled “The Machines are Coming (2015)”. She attempts to argue that there is no need to reject or blame technology for taking over jobs at the workplace. Littman’s argument is stronger than Tufekci as he provided logical reasoning due to a well balanced structure with consideration of opposable viewpoints with substantial evidence and effective usage of Pathos to appeal to the reader. Tufecki’s argument is weak due to the lack of evidence and her claim was only brought in at the end of her article which makes it seem very lop-sided.

In Nicholas Carr’s essay “All Can Be Lost: The Risk of Putting Our Knowledge in the Hands of Machine’s” he brings up the ethical problem of technology. Technology is all around today, but people are starting to wonder if this surplus of technology is starting to make the world less smart. Carr’s primary argument is as technology becomes more prevalent, people are losing knowledge to do certain tasks. Carr claims this is bad because people are putting their lives at risk and dying due to this lack of knowledge. People are starting to get lazier because of technology. They start to care less and think they are gaining something extra by using the technology, when, in fact it is the exact opposite. Carr states, “most of us want to believe that automation frees us to spend our time on higher pursuits but doesn’t otherwise alter the way we behave or think. That view is a fallacy” (5). This fallacy is affecting how people think and how current children are being taught in schools. Children as young as preschoolers are now starting to use tablets and computers for learning instead of having a teacher doing their job fully and actually teaching them. Instead of adding something to a task or helping to get it accomplished technology, “alters the character of the entire task, including the roles, attitudes, and skills of the people taking part” (5). Throughout his entire essay, Carr argues mostly why he believes too much technology could be harmful in the long run, but also states

Technology has been improving at rates faster than the society itself over the past 3 decades. The beginnings of machinery used during the Industrial Revolution was meant to aid and improve the working conditions of factory workers; while machinery did just that it also took away many jobs as technology grew to be more reliable than human beings themselves. No one would have expected that improved machinery created by humans themselves would strip human beings of their source of living and create economic stagnation. As artificial intelligence came into play and continues to improve, humans will slowly be phased out of the workforce society. The day in which people will not be needed in the workforce will come or rather in a matter of time as our electronic counterparts are faster, more accurate, more reliable, and way beyond the power of humans to keep check. Technological improvements of the society do not promote the moral principle of utilitarianism.

We as people rely on technology too much by expecting the machine to do something by the click of a button and get angry when the machinery isn’t working. At the beginning technology wasn’t thought of too much but at this point technology is getting people addicted from kids to the elderly.

London was a socialist himself, he joined the Socialist Labor Party in 1896, and was inspired to write this book by what was happening around him at the time, the early 20th century. In the novel, Jack London portrays this through Philip Wickson who is described as a one-time oligarch. Mr. Wickson tells Ernest, “We will grind you revolutionists down under our heel, and we shall walk upon your faces. The world is ours, we are its lords, and ours it shall remain” (London 97). Jack London refers to the Russian Revolution of 1905 through this quote. The peaceful protesters and workers in Russia were in dire need of change and help, as it could be seen in their petition. The petition stated, “We are beggars, we are oppressed and overburdened with work, we are insulted, we are not looked on as

34. The Luddites were a group of people who didn't want the Industrial Revolution to happen. This made people desire for higher wages and better

Unconscionable technology among a society can generate an astonishing amount of ignorance and commodity. When one has access to most things within seconds and at your fingertips there's a loss of understanding on what work is people suddenly become ungrateful like seen in page seven of the novel, "You don't need an M.D., case like this; all you need is two handy men, clean up the problem in half an hour." And "Got so many, starting a few years ago, we had the special machines built." This goes to show that if we let technology overtake our society things like these will happen, our health and mental stability will not be a priority and treated as

Karl Marx's Communist Manifesto was most appealing to and revolutionary for the industrial workers of 1848 (and those to come after that time). The call for unification of the proletariat and abolishment of the Bourgeoisie was an urgent one during a time of rapid progress in all aspects of industrial life. This urgency of The Communist Manifesto and the desire for change of political ideologies (to match the exponential rate of progress of wealth and industry) created not only a spate of revolutions, but a long lasting change in political ideas for industrialized European nations. The Communist Manifesto created a sense of unity and class awareness throughout the

The Communist Manifesto, written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, is a political pamphlet summarizing Marx and Engels political theories on communism. Marx and Engels were German authors and revolutionaries with unique ideas for their time. Engels joined the Communist League in 1847, where he outlined twenty-two questions about communism in the “Draft of the Communist Confession of Faith”(Engels). These ideals were restructured and published four months later in his piece, “The Principles of Communism”. Marx saw value in

They believed that certain fundamentals injustice lay beyond the reach of self-control. Most were religious in nature and were supposed to be Utopian communes, where all could share the work and the benefits and enjoy a simple life of equality and temptations of ordinary society. Members were supposed to work not because they had to but because

Unarguably, since technology has been introduced, it has had profound effects, permeating not only onto society, but our entire ecological system. To categorize the effects of technology as predominantly beneficial or detrimental, as Kevin Kelly and Kirkpatrick Sale claim in their interview, is difficult. "Interview With The Luddite" captures and vividly illustrates their seemingly pointless and underdeveloped ideas. Kelly, protechnology, and Sale, a contemporary neo-Luddite, discuss many technological issues, including the automation of the labor force, oral tradition, literacy, and civilization. Later, they go on to present often radical and unrealistic solutions to the issues. While at

Pynchon starts his essay “Is It OK To Be A Luddite?” by referring to C.P. Snow’s Rede Lecture. In this lecture, Snow dealt with the dichotomy between the non-scientific or, as he called it, literary, culture and the scientific culture. This dichotomy is termed “Snovian Disjunction” (4) by Pynchon. Snow portrayed the literary intellectuals as being “natural Luddites” because they denied science and “have never tried, wanted or been able to understand the Industrial Revolution” (1). Snow’s use of the term Luddite implied “an irrational fear and hatred of science and technology” (2). However, in his essay, Pynchon suggests that “public feeling about the machine could never have been simple unreasoning horror, but likely something more complex:

Much was going on in society at the time the Communist Manifesto was written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Society was undergoing many changes and issues, and many events took place as a result of this. To many people in England it seemed that the middle class was taking control—and Marx and Engels agreed in the Communist Manifesto. They stated, “The bourgeoisie, historically, has played a most revolutionary part. The bourgeoisie, wherever it has got the upper hand, has put an end to all feudal, patriarchal, idyllic relations. It has pitilessly torn asunder the motley feudal ties that bound man

Justice leads to the development of a peaceful country whereby all individuals access equal rights and freedom in the constitution. Although they are leaders that exercise their powers over the people in a negative way that is against the constitution. Due to such acts of injustices, communist rise to fight for the rights of the citizen regardless of their background. Communists aim at replacing private property which is stolen from the public by the self-centered government back to the public as well as changing the profit-based economy to public ownership; thus controlling the primary drivers of the economy. Thus, due to the inequality in companies and the government, the communist's group in London decided to write the communist manifesto.