What self-management challenges do people living with your chosen condition face? How can these be overcome?
It is an undeniable fact that patients living with type 2 diabetes will inevitably encounter challenges in life. In particular, their need to maintain a relatively normal blood glucose level of 6-8mmol/L before meal and 6-10mmol/L after meal are essential to prevent further complications which will aggravate their current situation. (Diabetes Australia 2015, Blood Glucose Monitoring, para 20) As well as self-monitor blood glucose levels, patients also have to make moderations to their diet and integrate healthier food choices into their daily living (Rebecca Mathew, Enza Gucciardi, Margaret De Melo, Paula Barata, 2012).This involves restrictions on some of the foods which are
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(Margaret M Collins, Colin P Bradley, Tony O'Sullivan, Ivan J Perry, 2009). In addition, the patients need to be financially equipped to be able to afford purchasing the healthier alternatives such as lean cuts of meat or products that are low in fat and sugar. (Soohyun Nam, Catherine Chesla, Nancy A. Stotts, Lisa Kroon, Susan L. Janson, 2011).Time also plays an important factor as a barrier in their self-management. Many patients reveal that self-monitor of blood glucose levels is very time-consuming and can be a burden at times and the reason that they do not do enough exercise is due to the lack of time and motivation. Therefore, to overcome these problems, the following solutions have been proposed by patients living with type 2 diabetes to resolve the issues facing their self-management challenges. For starters, the patients’ mention that it is always important to consult health care professionals such as the general practitioners, pharmacist and the dieticians about any of the issues regarding they encountered in self-management. Secondly, some patients suggests taking more insulin in response to elevating blood glucose levels, so that they do not
Living with diabetes poses many challenges for patients in areas like nutrition, glycemic monitoring and medication adherence. In fact, patients with diabetes
Diets for structure 2 diabetes ought to be created over the benchmarks of restorative consuming with an attention on dinners that do not unfavorably have an effect on blood glucose stages.As a essential consultant, a weight-diminishment arrange
Type 2 diabetes has become an epidemic in the United States. Diabetes affects 25.8 mil-lion people of all ages, which is 8.3% of the total population in the United States (NDIC, 2011). Type 2 diabetes accounts for 90-95% of all diabetes cases and is strongly associated with obesity, age, and physical inactivity (NDIC, 2011). Apart from its prevalence, diabetes involves direct medical costs of $116 billion, and medical expenditures for those with the diagnosis are 2.3 times higher than expenditures would be in the absence of diabetes (NDIC, 2011). Practitioners need to focus on finding the perfect treatment regimen, which may include physical activity along with diet modifications and pharmacologic interventions, in an effort to decrease the financial burden, control blood glucose levels, and improve the overall health of this population. The com-plications of untreated type 2 diabetes can be fatal, with heart disease, stroke, hypertension, blindness, kidney disease, and amputation among the more serious problems (NDIC, 2011). As a future family nurse practitioner, I will treat hundreds of adults and even children with type 2 di-abetes or at risk for it, and knowing the most successful interventions is foundational to being able to provide the best care to this patient population.
Nurses must act as educators to help their patients regain their independence by investigating all aspects of their lives in order to provide an in-depth and fully encompassing care plan. However, education alone is not enough, patients have to be encouraged to change and accept the adaptations to their behaviours that negatively affect their rehabilitation in order for the care plan to be successful; it is not always a case of just taking the correct medication, lifestyle changes must also occur. According to Furze et al. (2008) Cognitive Behaviour therapy is one of the most successful ways of assisting an individual to change their behaviours and outlook. This type of treatment involves pinpointing certain aspects of an individual's lifestyle and behaviours that are causing detrimental effects to the individual's health; this allows the individual to replace them with positive and adaptive behaviours, thoughts and feelings in order to assist them to cope. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommended this therapy for the management of depression and anxiety as well, which as was mentioned before, can be the result of living with an LTC such as Chronic Heart Failure (Robertson
A study by John Bantel et al (2008) discussed the implications of type two Diabetes on adults of all ages. They examined the intervention of nutrition control and support along with intense physical activity on pre-diabetic patients.
Approximately 24 million people are affected by diabetes in the United States (Pellico). This paper will briefly explain the nutritional guidelines for a person with diabetes mellitus type II. The treatment for this particular disease heavily relies on adequate nutrition, exercise and in some instances oral medications for extra glucose control (Evert & Boucher, 2014). Current research has revealed there is not one definite eating plan that works for all diabetic patients, but there are several specific nutrition therapy recommendations. Diabetes mellitus type II is more often found in patients that are overweight or obese, therefore a diet plan and exercise goals are aimed at losing weight. It is highly recommended for all diabetic patients’ to participate in regular physical activity. Aerobic exercise performed at least 30 minutes per day, along with resistance training exercises, such as lifting weights, three times per week is encouraged (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2013). Additionally, it is recommended to reduce energy intake (calories) while consuming a healthy diet (Evert & Boucher, 2014, Evidence Level: A). The goal is to decrease the body mass index (BMI) to a normal level of 18.5-24.9 (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2013). While exercise is important, persons with type II diabetes should be educated on the important role nutritional therapy plays in the treatment of diabetes.
Factors in a person’s environment that, through their absence or presence, limit functioning and create disability. These include aspects such as a physical environment that is not accessible, lack of relevant assistive technology (assistive, adaptive, and rehabilitative devices), negative attitudes of people towards disability, services, systems and policies that are either nonexistent or that hinder the involvement of all people with a health condition in all areas of
Diabetes is a chronic illness that requires continuous medical care and patient self-management education to prevent acute complications and to reduce the risk of long-term complications[ ].
According to the American association of diabetes educators,7 there are seven diabetes self-care practice : being active (physical activity and exercise); healthy food diet ; taking medications; blood glucose monitoring ; problem solving, especially increasing and decreasing blood glucose levels); minimizing risks ( decrease diabetes complications; smoking cessation); and healthy coping (psychosocial adaptation). These behaviors have been explained as measurable outcomes of effective diabetes education and thus should be achieved for both individual and population levels to fullfill the desired outcomes of prevention of diabetes complications beside physical and psychological
Second, hectic lifestyle such as fast-paced lifestyle or elderly depend on others are often unable to adherence to the prescribed regimen. Therefore, lifestyle modification, caregivers' capability and support are also indicators of successful self-management.
Type 2 diabetes is an enormous and rising chronic disease seen in the United States (U.S.) and throughout many parts of the world. “Nearly 26 million Americans have the disease” (Fonseca, Kirkman, Darsow & Ratner, 2012, p. 1380). This includes over 10% of the total adult population and greater than 25% of the population 65 years and older (Fonseca, Kirkman, Darsow & Ratner, 2012). High prevalence rates of prediabetes have been recorded as well. According to Fonseca, Kirkman, Darsow & Ratner (2012), there is an additional 79 million adult Americans who have prediabetes. There are several reasons type 2 diabetes has a higher prevalence rate at this time and these risks include; age, ethnicity, obesity, family history, smoking and a sedentary
Diabetes has become an epidemic in today’s society. Diabetes affects almost every system in the body, and with an estimated 346 million people in the world with diabetes, healthcare has been heavily affected by the disease (Ramasamy, Shrivastava, P., & Shrivastava, S., 2013). One of the biggest issues for healthcare workers when it comes to diabetes, is that it is such a complicated disease. With so many different systems being affected, medical professionals have had to learn how the disease process works, what causes diabetes to work through the systems, and the best treatments to address all these issues. Through much research, the healthcare system has grown very knowledgeable on diabetes. One important aspect of treating diabetes has been in the introduction of diabetic education. In the past, nurses and dieticians had been responsible for educating patients on diabetes, but now that role is also extended to other people in the healthcare team, including the patient (Tomky, 2013). In fact, patients taking an active role in the education process, including learning to self-care has now become a priority in diabetes treatment. The following paper will discuss diabetic education, the importance of self-care and how this affects a patient’s compliance.
In spite of the wide choice of effective and well-tolerated diabetic treatment large proportion of treated patients, do not achieve satisfactory Glycemic control. Poor therapeutic adherence is a major contributor for insufficient Glycemic control. Only 8.2% of people with diabetes adhere to self-monitoring of blood glucose levels.[4] ( Kim, & Jeong ,2003) Adherence has the largest effect on hyperglycemia.[5] (Brown & Hedges ,2004)The term adherence might imply a more holistic view about self-care than compliance because it places the patient in a central position.[6] (Toljamo & Hentinen,2001). Studies on adherence in patients with diabetes indicate that lack of knowledge and management skills are the main contributing factors to non-adherence.
Self-care in diabetes have be defined as an evolutionary process of increase of knowledge by education to survive with the complex nature of the diabetes in a social framework [20,21]. While the vast majority of day-to-day care in diabetes is handled by patients [22], there is an essential need for valid and reliable measures for self-management of diabetes [23-25].
Diabetesmellitushas been the causeof4.6milliondeaths. In addition,health expenditurefordiabetes mellitushas reached465billionUSD. Complicationsexperienced bypatients withtype 2 diabetes mellitusthatcauses the suffererto experiencedependencein regulatingdietary patterns. Ketidakmandirianpatientsin managingthe dietdue toa lack of knowledgeandlack ofmotivationin self-care. This study aims toidentify theeffectiveness ofDiabetesSelf-Management Education toindependenceyipe2diabetic patientsin managingthe diet.