What is memory and how its work. It is usually link with the ‘thinking of again’ or ‘recalling to

Memory is not located in just one spot of the brain, but it is a brain wide process, in which

This explains why the patient H.M. could successfully engage in the activities including implicit memory, which is un-conscious.

Memory is the process of encoding, storing and retrieving information in the brain. It plays an import role in our daily life. Without memory, we cannot reserve past experience, learn new things and plan for the future. Human memory is usually analogous to computer memory. While unlike computer memory, human memory is a cognitive system. It does not encode and store everything correctly as we want. As suggested by Zimbardo, Johnson and Weber (2006), human memory takes information and selectively converts it into meaningful patterns. When remembering, we reconstruct the incident as we think it was (p. 263). Sometimes our memory performance is incredibly accurate and reliable. But errors and mistakes are more commonly happen, because we do

“Alzheimer's disease is a progressive, degenerative disorder that attacks the brain's nerve cells, or neurons, resulting in loss of memory, thinking and language skills, and behavioral changes. These neurons, which produce the brain chemical, or neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, break connections with other nerve cells and ultimately die. For example, short-term memory fails when Alzheimer's disease first destroys nerve cells in the hippocampus” (Alzheimer’s Association Foundation.) The destruction of the hippocampus is very serious because the hippocampus is a structure in the brain’s limbic system that plays an important part role in memory (Ettinger 91.) Its is responsible for forming organizing and storing memories.It connects the memories to structures and senses like smell and sound. “The hippocampus is a horseshoe shaped paired structure, with one hippocampus located in the left brain hemisphere and the other in the right hemisphere. The hippocampus acts as a

Memory is a set of cognitive processes that allow us to remember past information (retrospective memory) and future obligations (prospective memory) so we can navigate our lives. The strength of our memory can be influenced by the connections we make through different cognitive faculties as well as by the amount of time we spend devoting to learning specific material across different points in time. New memories are created every time we remember specific event, which results in retrospective memories changing over time. Memory recall can be affected retrospectively such as seeing increased recall in the presence of contextual cues or false recall of information following leading questions. Memory also includes the process

Extensive research in the field of memory and cognition have provided substantial evidence to prove that the hippocampus is a critical brain mechanism in the role of memory. Although an ongoing debate specifically in memory retrieval is the exact role of this brain structure when extracting memories. There are multiple models of the neural basis of memory retrieval that have posed a hypothesis to answer this exact question. The two theories that are dominant in this debate are the Multiple Trace Theory (MTT) proposed by Nadel and Moscovitch in 1997 and the Standard Model of Systems Consolidation

The memory is encoding things and recording things. The memory is made up of short term memory, long term memory and working memory. The best way to keep things in mind for more than a few seconds is to encode it with deep processing. This means that the mind is encoding the memory by making what is to be remembered more meaningful and on a deeper level than surface level meaning. Joshua also mentions that this is an effective way to memorize things and that is how the memory contest participants can memorize large amounts of information in short periods of time. (Lecture, Memory, September/October)

Hippocampus is a small, curved region, which exists in both hemispheres of the brain and plays a vital role in emotions, learning and acquisition of new information. It also contributes majorly to long term memory, which is permanent information stored in the brain. Although long term memory is the last information that can be forgotten, its impairment has become very common nowadays. The dysfunction is exemplified by many neurological disorders such as amnesia. There are two types of amnesia, anterograde and retrograde. Anterograde amnesia is inability in forming new information, while retrograde refers to the loss of the past memory. As suggested by Cipolotti and Bird (2006), hippocampus’s lesions are

involved in memory storage. The hippocampus is a place in the brain that is used to

Doctors and scientists dispute the exact role of the hippocampus, but agree that it has an essential role in the formation of new memories about personally experienced events. Some researchers prefer to consider the hippocampus as part of a larger medial temporal lobe memory system responsible for declarative memory. When a long-term, declarative memory is made, certain neuronal connections in the temporal lobe are strengthened, and others are weakened. These changes are fairly permanent, however some may take weeks or months before they are complete

Memory is a cognitive process that allow us to stored, retrieved, and encoded information. Storage is where the information goes, retrieved is where you get the information, and encoding is where the information is processed. A model that supports the cognitive process is the multi-store model (MSN) and according to the MSM the human memory can be divided into three stores of memory.

Memory is the term given to the structure and processes involved in the storage and subsequent retrieval of information. According to psychology memory is defined as the process in which information is encoded, stored and retrieved.

Since the early days of humanity, humans have developed exceptional skills and critical thinking capabilities which increased our capacity to communicate and interact with our environment. Individuals are capable of holding and storing information and passing it to others. That capability is called memory which is fundamental for human’s day to day life. According to psychologists, memory is defined as a brain-wide process, which consists of encoding, storage and retrieval of information (Mastin).The human memory is a complex mental process that has been analyzed by many scientists and psychologists. The discoveries made throughout the years have shown diverse facts, for example, the human brain has a storage capacity of about 2.5pent bytes (Reber). In this paper, it will be showed not only the discoveries of memory, but how it is formed and how it works. As we go deeper, we will discover the science behind memory.

Memory makes us. It is, to an extent, a collection of unique and personal experiences that we, as individuals, have amassed over our lifetime. It is what connects us to our past and what shapes our present and the future. If we are unable remember the what, when, where, and who of our everyday lives, our level of functioning would be greatly impacted. Memory is defined as or recognized as the “sum or total of what we remember.” Memory provides us the ability to learn and adjust to or from prior experiences. In addition, memory or our ability to remember plays an integral role in the building and sustaining of relationships. Additionally, memory is also a process; it is how we internalize and store our external environment and experiences. It entails the capacity to remember past experiences, and the process of recalling previous experiences, information, impressions, habits and skills to awareness. It is the storage of materials learned and/or retained from our experiences. This fact is demonstrated by the modification, adjustment and/or adaptation of structure or behavior. Furthermore, we as individuals, envision thoughts and ideas of the present through short-term memory, or in our working memory, we warehouse past experiences and learned values in long-term memory, also referred to as episodic or semantic memory. Most importantly, memory is malleable and it is intimately linked to our sense of identity and where we believe we belong in the world.

          c. Retrieval, which is affected by the brain's tendency to infer, and can take place as: