What´s Megaloblastic Anemia?

Anemia is a disorder of the blood. It occurs when your body does not produce enough erythrocytes or red blood cells (RBCs). Without the erythrocytes oxygen can not be adequately delivered to the tissues and organs throughout the body. This will cause you to become weak and tired. A person may also experience headaches, skin pallor, and faintness. Your body may attempt to compensate for these symptoms by speeding up the heart rate and respiratory rate. This is the body’s attempt to return oxygen levels to normal(Thibodeau and Patton, 2005).

The most prominent cause of Iron Deficiency Anemia is bleeding. Blood loss from the Gastrointestinal Tract is a significant cause of anemia for both men and women. When blood is present in excrement, a gastrointestinal problem exists. Many times, people are unaware of these problems with their waste products. When they begin to feel the symptoms of anemia and undergo tests that determine that they are anemic, it begins the process of discovering more health problems. Anemia can serve as the precursor of certain diseases. There are many instances when it is merely a sign of severe disease such as a peptic ulcer disease, gastritis, hemorrhoids, angiodysplasis of the colon, and colonic adenocarcinoma (http://www.physsportsmed.com/issues/sep_96/browne.htm).

* Anemia-related fatigue occurs when there is a decrease in red blood cells (RBCs). This happens when myeloma cells replace RBCs in the bone marrow.

Anemia is a condition that effects “more than 3 million people in the United States” (Peterson, 2012). Anemia is a decrease in red blood cells (RBCs) or decreased hemoglobin in an individual’s blood. RBCs carry oxygen rich blood throughout an individual’s tissues and organs, allowing the body to function properly. Therefore, an anemic person has a decreased amount of oxygen rich blood flowing through their body. A decreased amount of oxygenated blood is not immediately life threatening but can become very serious. Some potential side effects of anemia are; fatigue, lack of energy, pallor, organ damage, heart failure and death (Peterson, 2012). There are multiple types of anemia with the most common being; iron-deficiency anemia, folic acid-deficiency anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency and microcytic anemia (PDRhealth, 2015).

Sickle cell anaemia (sickle cell disease) is a disorder of the blood caused by an inherited abnormal hemoglobin (the iron-rich protein that carries oxygen from your lungs to the rest of the body).

Anemia is a condition in which the concentration of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood is below normal. Hemoglobin is a substance in red blood cells that carries oxygen to the tissues of the body. Anemia results in not enough oxygen reaching these tissues.

Sickle cell anemia is a disorder that is caused by the abnormal shape of hemoglobin cells in the body. In lecture we learned that hemoglobin is the molecule that is present in red blood cells. Hemoglobin is responsible for supplying oxygen to other cells throughout the body. Red blood cells are normally rounded in shape, defected cells are in a long shafted shape, which gives the disease its name. When red blood cells sickle, they break down which causes anemia of the cells. Sickle cells can result in an individual having a low red blood cell count, having repeated infections, and suffering from long episodes of pain in different parts of the body. The disease can also cause delayed growth in children, shortness in breathe, fatigue, swollen feet and hands, and also vision problems.

Pernicious anemia due to decreased B12 affects the hematopoietic,gastrointestinal and nervous systems of the body. The hematopoietic system is affected in that, B12 is essential for the formation of red blood cells, therefore without adequate B12, there is a reduction in the production of red blood cells causing abnormally large shaped red blood cells to be produced. Red blood cells carry oxygen , therefore the NP will anticipate patients with anemia to have symptoms like dizziness, fatigue, pallor, tinnitus, cardiomegaly with murmur, tachycardia, and chest pain. Additionally, symptoms of the affected gastrointestinal system include anorexia, weight loss, abdominal cramping, weight loss, and glossitis. Moreover, symptoms of the affected

Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM) is a non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) in which the cancer cells make large amount of abnormal cells called macroglobulin. It is also called lymphoplasmacytiod because of the disease resembles to Multiple myeloma (cancer of plasma cells) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (cancer of lymphoma). The WM cells grow mainly in the bone marrow in which causes to have pancytopenia. Symptoms of WM include fever, weight loss (without trying hard), night sweats, and swollen lymph nodes. The common symptom of WM is weakness because of anemia. Neuropathy is numbness and painful sensation (pins and needles) in the legs and feet is also symptoms of WM are that some people experience. Sometimes WM is asymptomatic, and people found out when they had a blood test.

Anemia is a condition that affects one’s blood where there are not enough healthy red blood cells (RBCs). When there aren’t enough RBCs, the cells in the body will not get enough oxygen. This is the most common blood condition in the US that affects over 3 million Americans. Some forms of anemia are hereditary;

Anemia is the medical condition that results from blood not carrying enough oxygen to the body through the blood. It is sometimes caused by a loss in the percentage of red blood cells in the blood. While nearly one in five seniors have anemia, the condition is the result of other medical issues and not age. The most common reason for anemia in seniors is a lack of Vitamin B12. Other reasons include a folate deficiency or gastrointestinal bleeding.

Anemia is a blood disorder where patients do not receive sufficient oxygen due to an insufficient amount of red blood cells. It is considered the most common blood disorder. Anemia often a byproduct of other diseases/conditions has the ability to disrupt the body's ability to produce healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells (RBCs) are one of three types of blood cells that are produced in bone marrow from a process called hematopoiesis. Red Blood cells are important for are our body; they use hemoglobin an iron containing protein. Hemoglobin is very important because it contains four oxygen molecules which deliver oxygen from the lungs to the tissues. Anemia can be divided into three different categories based off the cause. The groups include:

is attributable to administration of a drug that interferes with DNA synthesis or, rarely, to a congenital metabolic defect. Some patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) or MDS also have megaloblastic erythropoiesis. The bone marrow aspirate is often markedly hypercellular. Erythropoiesis is hyperplastic and is characterized by the presence of megaloblasts. These are large cells with a chromatin pattern more primitive than is appropriate for the degree of maturation of the cytoplasm. Late megaloblasts may be fully haemoglobinized and lack any cytoplasmic basophilia and may therefore be described as orthochromatic. Erythropoiesis is ineffective so that early erythroid cells are over-represented in comparison with

If enough of these protein chains are not produced or they're abnormal, red blood cells will fail to form correctly or carry enough oxygen. A decrease in the level of healthy haemoglobin will cause the body to function improperly. Low levels of haemoglobin may cause anaemia, an illness that makes you feel weak and tired. Organs can be damaged, in severe cases of anaemia, or it could also result in the death of the individual. The production of haemoglobin protein chains by the body is controlled by genes. If these genes are missing or altered, thalassemia

“Anemia is the most common blood condition in the U.S. It affects about 3.5 million Americans. Women, young children, and people with chronic diseases are at increased risk of anemia” (Martin, 2016, p.1). Anemia is a disease of the blood that affects the ability of the red blood cells to carry oxygen to the different parts of the body. Due to low iron levels in the blood, the hemoglobin in the red blood cells is not produced at the normal level.