Whiptail Reproduction

Plus, while the ‘bad’ traits can be passed down through asexual reproducing the ‘good’ traits are also passed down. If there is a female snake who has great predatory skills, health and longevity she will pass that on as well. Producing asexually is very time efficient and requires much less energy of the snake because there is no need to search for a mate which could put both in danger. If there is a need to quickly have more snakes asexual is the way to go because its completed in a short amount of time as well as generally with multiple births. Asexual is also better than sexual reproducing because when a snake asexually reproduces there rarely is any mutation in the DNA because it’s being exactly copied. If they sexually reproduce though there is a chance for anything to happen to the DNA. There is a chance however to get diversity through mutations that can randomly occur. A mistake can be made and passed down if there is a mistake in mitosis. Mitosis is the copying of the DNA. When these mistakes occur, it means their traits could be changed making for a better

Hammerheads swim in schools made up of mostly females and a few or single male; aiding in sexual selection and reproduction. However, during times when males are not present, female hammerheads are able to reproduce asexually. While this helps to propagate the species; it has a negative effect on their genetic diversity and therefore impacts their long-term survival. When the females reproduce asexually, only their DNA is present, and when this occurs repeatedly; the sharks are left with a less diverse group of individuals. As we learned in several of our course lectures, a lack of diversity puts a species at risk because their “sameness” means that they are all vulnerable to the same diseases, etc. Essentially, without genetic diversity, all the individuals within a school could be wiped out from one single infection. I believe that hammerheads have sex because of the need to perpetuate their genes and in optimal conditions they will reproduce sexually which offers the greatest outcome for species survival. That being said, I believe that reproducing asexually during difficult times; might slightly help population issues but compromises species survival over

There are many methods of reproduction, but the two main methods are sexual and asexual, but which one is more efficient or beneficial. Sexual reproduction is the fusing of two gametes to produce an offspring. This form of reproduction is used by a lot of organisms, including us. Asexual reproduction is reproduction that only involves one parent. (“Pros and cons of sexual and asexual reproduction”). I am going to focus on asexual reproduction and the Desert Grassland Whiptail Lizard. This unique lizard uses asexual reproduction. Asexual reproduction is better for this species of lizards because it only requires one parent, it is less risky, and the population is only female.

Artificial selection is the idea where humans ultimately determine whether a species will have reproductive success by breeding a desired trait. An example of this would be bananas because the type of bananas that are consumed are genetically made since they have been modified to the point where they cannot reproduced (Boundless 2015). Artificial selection helps to keep genetic diversity from spreading too much in the gene pool and ultimately lower the frequency of other heritable traits. Sexual reproduction is the success in the production of a new living organism from combining two organisms of the opposite sex (Laboratory Exercise 4 2015). Frogs are an example of this because they have a specific mating call. Those who have a low frequency

Bovine lungworm disease arises from infection with Dictyocaulus viviparous. Infection is far more common in younger animals that have never been exposed than older animals that have acquired immunity. In general this condition is endemic in older animals however disease may still occur. These animals were not infected until August even though they had been grazing the pasture presumably since May. A number of theory’s surround this issue. Ingestion of overwintered larvae involves so few, that neither clinical signs nor disease occur. By august the pasture will be sufficiently seeded with L3 larvae to produce disease. Another theory believes overwintered larvae do not migrate out of the soil onto pasture until later on in the season July to November. Depending on the environmental conditions larvae require warm moist environment. The most

While majority of the echinoderm starfish are either male or female, certain starfish undergo a process known as sequential hermaphroditism. This means while certain starfish are born all male, certain males become female over time, as they stop producing sperm and begin producing eggs. In addition, starfish can reproduce both sexually and asexually, either by releasing sex cells into the water, by fission, or autonomy of arms, meaning starfish can essentially split into two. The starfish contains two gonads in each arm, known as ovotestis. Their purpose is to carry out the process of sexual reproduction. This type of gonad is seen in both genders of starfish, producing sperm for the males while producing eggs for the female. Starfish eggs

cosmopolitan species, T. latifolia is not found in central and south Africa. T. glauca, a hybrid

Honey bees are able to reproduce without fertilization. The queen bee only mates once during her lifetime. The sperm is used to fertilize some of her eggs, which will become female worker bees. Her unfertilized eggs will grow into bees via parthenogenesis and will all be male drones. Parthenogenesis is a type of asexual reproduction in which the offspring develops from unfertilized eggs

In most cases species tend to reproduce under polygynous conditions where one male mates with many females. An interesting example of a polygynous system in nature can be seen in the sea louse. A male releases chemicals that attracts females, and as the females approach the male’s nesting site, he “collects” them and lines them in a row until he senses they are ready to mate. More mates equate to more offspring, hence, this method for reproduction ensures that the male will pass his genes throughout a population.

Sexual reproduction occurs when the fungal ascomata produce spores that germinate the living algae in contact with the ascomata

a. Asexually reproducing populations grow at twice the rate of sexually reproducing populations. This is because every asexual organism has a potential of giving birth however, in sexual populations the male gender cannot reproduce.

There are prezygotic and postzygotic isolating mechanisms. Prezygotic isolating mechanisms prevent the formation of a zygote.The first example is ecological isolation, Ecological isolation is when two species occur in the same area, they may utilize different portions of the environment and thus they don't hybridize because they do not encounter one another. For example lions and tigers do not mate even though their regions overlap in India because lions stay in grasslands, and tigers stay in forest.In addition, behavioral isolation describes the often elaborate courtship and mating rituals of some animal groups. Relates species such as birds differ in their courtship rituals, which tend to keep these species distinct in nature even if they inhabit the same area. Finally, another prezygotic isolating mechanism is Mechanical isolation. Mechanical isolation occurs when a male and a female of an organism is incompatible based off of the structure of their organs. For example. A rose can't pollinate a dandelion because they are different. Conversely postzygotic mechanisms prevent normal development into reproducing adults. Hybrids are sterile because of the development of sex organs is abnormal. For example a mule is a combination of a female horse and a male donkey. The mule still has male or female parts, but they are infertile because the parents have both different numbers of

Manolakou et al. suggest that there are three primary mechanisms for sex determination across the animal kingdom. The first is environmental factors. Fish and Reptiles do not have chromosomes that determine the sex of the offspring. The temperature is the primary determinant. Some organisms’ sex will be determined by specific environmental factors like temperature during the right developmental stages of the embryo. This is referred to as the thermosensitive period (TSP). The second mechanism is when a specific gene is responsible for a cascade effect that will ultimately determine the sex of the offspring. This mechanism is seen in some invertebrates like insects, and amphibians. The single regulating gene has not yet been determined. The third mechanism is the occurrence of individual sex chromosomes like what we see in mammals. In mammals the males are heterozygous and the females are homozygous, but in birds the opposite is true, but birds still have distinct sex chromosomes. Some organisms have distinct sex determining chromosomes, but they have yet to be discovered. How or why certain organisms develop into certain gender is not necessarily known, but the idea that there could be some sort of governing pattern could lend itself useful to comparative biology and reproductive endocrinology.

➢ The major function of the reproductive system is to make sure that the human species survives.

Asexual reproduction is the creation of an offspring without using gametes. The offspring are clones of their parent and there is no genetic variation. This type of reproduction is common in fungi, bacteria and plants. It can occur in some animals though. Asexual reproduction involves mitosis to produce an identical daughter cell. It’s very common in unicellular organism because of the lack of reproductive organs, yet in a multicellular organism that offspring grows from a somatic cell.