Who Can Replace A Man Brian Aldiss Summary

In the short story “Better than Human: Why Robots Will-and Must-Take Our Jobs” by Kevin Kelly on Page 299 in They Say/ I Say with Readings book there are various of positive and negative aspects of the story in which areas develops two sides to the argumenting point.In the short story “Better than Human” by Kevin Kelly there is a big conflict point in whether humans will end or create better jobs.

These are just a few examples of how the population is dehumanized and dominated by the World State through the use of technology. Huxley seems to have passed over the ideas of automation so that even the lowest in the caste system have a purpose, including toiling away in factories or working in elevators.

The article ‘Rise of the Machines’ is Not a Likely Future (2015), Michael Littman addresses the issue and worries that people have with regards to technology. The article attempts to persuade readers to believe that there is no need to fear technology as it is just not possible that they can overtake humanity. Zeynep Tufekci touches on the issue of machines taking over jobs of human, titled “The Machines are Coming (2015)”. She attempts to argue that there is no need to reject or blame technology for taking over jobs at the workplace. Littman’s argument is stronger than Tufekci as he provided logical reasoning due to a well balanced structure with consideration of opposable viewpoints with substantial evidence and effective usage of Pathos to appeal to the reader. Tufecki’s argument is weak due to the lack of evidence and her claim was only brought in at the end of her article which makes it seem very lop-sided.

Projections that have been made about how today’s society and culture will look in the coming years, decades, and centuries, all have yet to be seen in how valid they are. If you look in any sort of media: television, social media, or radio/music, you will see people giving their interpretations of what will become of our world down the road. Yet, few people look to see how our the current state of culture and society reflect the projections made by people in previous years, decades, and centuries. In looking at the visions of the future presented by both novelas, The Time Machine by H.G. Wells, and The Machine Stops by E.M. Forster, each story presents aspects of society that prominently appear today. Written during the Industrial Revolution, a time where technology and human innovation was at one of its highest points in recent history, both stories explore the possible effects of the machinery that was becoming evermore present. Both authors present aspects such as omnipotent technology, decaying human independence, and destruction of real communication, to create the artistic statement that complacency is rising within the human race, and that complacency will eventually lead to the fall of mankind. In both stories, the authors speak against human complacency and deference to technology, warning that it will lead to the creation of weaker people and society that will ultimately destroy the human race, yet that complacency is present in today’s culture and due to the

Machine is when there is some kind of animatronic that that creates conflict with the main characters or even anyone else. The first example is when the DHIs encounter a battle again the animatronic Overtakers,“The Overtakers are the animatronics and fantasies that Walt Disney created”(George). These conflicts are the most considerable obstacles that the kids need to subjugate. Everyone in the book,good people and evil people, are having problems with the computer systems. The whole entire park including the animatronics are controlled through these computer servers,“[T]he evil Overtakers have gained regulation of one of the computer servers”(Hyperion). The Overtakers took jurisdiction of the animals/DHI system which created trouble for the kids. Along with nature, there are animatronics that are made to be animals. The animatronics are used to try to eliminate the DHIs shown in the quote,”The dinosaur snorted and charged down the track at him”(Ridley). The Overtakers used a treacherous animal in order to slow the kids down from stopping

Close your eyes and imagine a future where machines did everything for us. They cook, clean, drive our cars, fly our planes, and even perform our surgeries. Now open your eyes and realize that it’s not just in your imagination; it’s reality. What if one day all the machines fail? What do we do then? I recently asked myself that same question after reading two interesting articles; “Kitchen Controversial” by Rebecca Traister and “The Great Forgetting” by Nicholas Carr. These two articles are one in the same, both about the importance of learning to be less dependent on something or someone, as well as other subjects.

A machine determines what people will buy, how they will act or look and even date which could cause people to suffer from boredom and go tired of the same stuff as always. In the previous, society is controlled by a machine that surrounds their mind with the aspects they most like. When Tilly says “You are scheduled to attend the kickoff meeting for the Davis case at eleven, which means you’ll get a lunch paid for by the firm. I suggest you go light on the breakfast, maybe just a banana.” (Ken Liu, 1), When Tilly suggests Sai what to eat, reveals people possess a lack of thought, which produces people to become ignorant by being told how to act, they stop thinking how they live their lives. Society trust in what their phones tell them is best for them and what will make them happy, they believe and let themselves manipulate by artificial intelligence to feel they are making sure they are going to become happy with the decisions they make. The idea of people controlled by technology leads to depression after some time, because makes people feel alone. In Harrison Bergeron society tells the people how they have to look, when the author mentions And to offset his good looks, the H-G men required that he wear at all times a red rubber ball for a nose, “keep his eyebrows shaved off, and cover his even white teeth with black caps at snuggle-tooth random.”(Kurt Vonnegut) the previous reinforces the idea of a society manipulated and limited to look certain way, what the author says leads to loneliness because people can’t be themselves. People also have a lack of thought because they can’t have their own decisions which produces them to depend on

Artificial intelligence and robots is a common topic in science fiction, either emphasizing the negative possibilities of artificial intelligence or positive potentials. However, non-fiction explains to the audience that artificial intelligence will eventually positively impact the human race in many aspects. In order to convey the author’s meaning and understanding to the audience, non-fiction and science fiction pieces of writing utilize three main rhetorical appeals and strategies: ethos, pathos, and logos. Ethos mainly appeals to the credibility of the presenter in order to convince the audience on a particular subject. Pathos is particularly powerful as it appeals to the audience’s emotions making it effective when the author demonstrates agreement with the spectators.

In The Machine Stops, E.M. Forster projects life years from now where people live underground with extreme technological advances. Also, people live separated in little rooms where they find a variety of buttons they can press in order to perform any task they desire. They do not communicate with people face to face as often as we do now. Without a doubt, their society is very different from ours. All of the inhabitants are used to living along with the Machine and it is hard for them to imagine life without everything the Machine is able to facilitate. People are so caught up with technology that they find it absurd to spend time in nature. Because of the dependence people have towards the Machine, they have somewhat lost their humanity

Well- known Russian-American author, Ayn Rand, in her novella Anthem, describes a post-apocalyptic world in which individualism has been eradicated. Rand's purpose is to educate readers about the dangers of communism and to encourage readers to break out of the procrustean society while embracing the sense of self. She adopts a tone of pity for the majority of society while maintaining a tone of respect for the courageous two main characters in order to inform American readers about the benefits of capitalism over Communism. Similarly, English author, E.M. Forster, in his novella The Machine Stops, unveils a futuristic society in which all people are subordinate to the Machine. Forster’s purpose is to educate readers about the dangers of technology

At what point will society place a dependence upon technological advancements rather than the curiosity and interactions of mankind? With the constant acceleration of improvements within technology and any piece of information readily available many authors, artists, and individuals question the natural world as each generation more elaborately explores the innovative approaches towards science and technology. E.M. Forster’s short story, “The Machine Stops,” is based upon a fear of the technological revolution, and it introduces the audience to a utopian society facing multiple forms of isolation as a result of his society reaching complete dependence upon the technology of the Machine. The society’s reliance upon the Machine creates a divide between those who display an adoration and worship towards the Machine versus citizens who prevail and fight for their individual freedom. E.M. Forster illustrates the role he foresees technology to play in the end of human civilization through an exaggerated vision of the effects that technology leaves on our lives, which helps the audience to better understand our present day society properly.

One example is the “men with cigarettes in their straight-lined mouths” (13). These men have conformed to expectations and are now all the same. Living their lives and participating in the same activities as the next man. Each one smoking a cigarette, each one being miserable. As more people continue to conform to societal rules, it seems they are about to become robots. They could be controlled like “calculators, set to any combination,” until they no longer have any control over their bodies (24). Although many conformed, Ray Bradbury showed that not everyone was going to be controlled like a mechanical hound. “The woman on the porch reached out with the content to them all, and struck the match against the kitchen ceiling” (37). This woman was not going to be conformed. She wants her individuality and she showed that she would rather die than be the same as everyone

“I used to worry that computers would become so powerful and sophisticated as to take the place of the human minds,” expresses Lewis Thomas, the author of “The Corner of the Eye” [Thomas, 83]. A large part of Thomas’s fear of computers is due to the fact that “a large enough machine can do all sorts of intelligent things beyond our capacities” [Thomas, 83]. However, computers cannot replace us; he realizes computers cannot do some of the things that we can do, like being human. We like to be equivocal, imaginative, and self-conscious. Computers are the complete opposite of the traits that define us as human; or as Thomas states it, “they are not designed, as we are, for ambiguity” [Thomas, 83]. As witnessed by history, the present, and soon the future, it would be self-evident truth that computers will not take over us or be “us”.

Machines have no place in this relationship. They act as a barrier between men and the land. They are dangerous because they perform the function of men with greater efficiency, but they lack the spiritual element that makes the land so valuable. Chapter five uses imagery to detail the evil inherent in the plowing of land by a machine:

When humans created artificial intelligence, the machines believed they were superior than humans and rebelled. They survived by imprisoning the humans, thus believing that their lifestyle and culture was superior to the humans. This “slavery” of the humans is similar to the slavery that happened in the nineteenth century, where some people believed they were superior to others. Once the machines in the movie believed they did not need to labor to the humans.