Who Is Joseon Equitable?

By looking at the readings of Machiavelli, Hobbes, and Locke, there are a few distinctions between how the modern thinkers viewed politics versus the way the ancient thinkers believed politics should be. There are many topics both modern and ancient thinkers discuss in their writings, such as the purpose of politics, the science of politics, human nature, as well as the ideal regime. By doing so, these thinkers’ views on political topics such as these illuminate how they thought politics should work and who should be able to participate in the activity of politics.

Government structures are imperative to having a manageable state of civilization. However, these structures face several difficulties and conflicts. The complex human activity of resolving these conflicts is called politics. According to Bernard Crick, in his book, “In Defense of Politics” he defends this activity and further defines it as a conflict resolution through the process of deliberation, compromise, and listening for the common welfare of the whole community. It is a unified contribution to government that is not solely based on one interest (21). Also, Crick further defends politics from the practice of technology, nationalism, and democracy. Additionally, although it is often assumed politics is done in all governments from local to foreign, in the contrary, all governments don’t adhere to this activity defined by Crick. In fact, with our current president, Donald Trump, based on the actions he has taken so far, he is anti-political.

The Ming Dynasty ruled China from 1368 until the dynasty commenced deterioration. By the beginning of the 1600s, the Ming began to lose power due to “threats from Barbarians on all sides, political in-fighting,” rebellions, and poor loyalty in the military (Ryder). Likewise, the spread of violence in China contributed to the collapse of the Ming Dynasty (Zarrow). In the year 1644, the Chinese rebels overthrew the dynasty (Williams). At this time, the Ming emperor committed suicide as the rebel armies invaded Beijing (Zarrow). After the rebels overthrew the Ming, the Manchu people stepped in to try and gain power.

He poses a rhetoric question to the Gentleman, “If anyone says that quarrelling is a vice and war an absurdity, le me ask him to consider this: What can be done about the fact that individuals actually possess vices? What can be done about the fact that they act absurdly? In short, what can be done about reality?” (Pg. 94). In short, he postulates that wars exist in the real world. And because of wars, there was a need for armies. In addition, in an international scene where military was used as a basis for negotiation (e.g. arrival of the Kurofune with Commodore Matthew Perry) and where the European nations are not afraid of taking advantage of weaker nations (e.g. unequal treaties forced onto Qing China after the two Opium Wars), militarization of Japan is now far more important than before.

As a theory that lay emphasis on perception, constructivism admit the objective existence of material factors, but it could only make significant influence on the behavior of actors through social structure. In constructivist view, power and interest do have a decisive role in international politics, but the power and interests could only take effect because of the ideas that created it. Wendt advocated that ideas determine the meaning and content of power and interests and the strategies to achieve interests. “This claim is not that ideas are more important than power and interest, or that they are autonomous from power and interest. Power and interest are just as important and determining as before. The claim is rather than power and interest have the effects they do in virtue of the ideas that make them up.”(Wendt, Social, p135) Comparing to realist concept that political power basically constituted by material power, constructivists believe that power is composed by ideas and culture. The above analysis shows that constructivism recognize power and its role, but emphasis more on the idea and its

Borne of several exhaustive accounts of human conflict and their subsequent analyses, Classical Realism remains the most compelling theory of those recognised in the study of International Relations (IR). Predating idealist dogma, the sombre chronicles of ancient Greek historian Thucydides served as a preliminary framework for a series of timeless texts that remain as applicable in the current political climate as they had been centuries prior.

The analysis generalizes the main reasons great powers, like the U.S and China, to go war, along with why they always find themselves in a spiral of intense conflict from which they cannot get away from. Like stated in the book the international rules of the world are made by norms which has been the cause of conflicts for over 200 years. The main point of conflict between the United States and China in that they

In “To Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch,” Immanuel Kant discusses his view on the desired peace that is needed by the change on the current form of international politics. Kant’s perspective is that international politics is better off with change because people are by nature meant to change. Without change in politics, peace can only be achieved by war between humans. In the Anarchical Society by Hedley Bull, he claims that the current form of international politics need to remain the way it is. Bull’s idea states that international politics is needed because it protects the sovereignty of a state. The main discussions that arise from Kant and Bull are the Balance of Power, the rights of nations, international order based off life,

There are three theoretical perspectives in which world leaders identify themselves with one theory or all, based in the decision they must make. To better understand the international politics comparison of the three theoretical approaches are conducted. Realism has been viewed as the dominant perspective in International Relation theory for many years. Realist view survival as the means to “create and enforce laws to protect citizens” (6). The assumption in Realism can be made that “the rules of the international system are dictated by anarchy; in this sense, anarchy is perceived as a “lack of central government to enforce rules” and protect states” (6). Realism can also be assumed as the theory that used by nation leaders to rule and govern with an “iron Fist”.

This module gave information about the Missile crisis and how the US utilize the Internationalism. The US used the method and pressure the United Nations. Us force the United Nations to execute the missile base at Cuba and prevent a war with the Soviet Union. Nondemocratic governments are very diverse, recalling that both democracy and nondemocracy are matters of degree, it’s important to realize that nondemocratic governments may not equally nondemocratic in all aspects. Second, nondemocratic governments may maintain themselves, in part, by suppressing certain groups. This suppression not only precludes participation in politics to members of these groups but also violates the logic of protective democracy. (Analyzing Politics pg. 193) the module talked about how globalism is used for world’s information because this method is utilized and used as an audience broadcast to the whole world. Plus, it gave information about the people from middle America won independence with a nation-state and able to run their society within an established nation-state.

This essay will use an alternate theory, a theory of self-interest, to discuss the international relations of Japan, Korea, and China during the Imjin War (1592-1598). During the Imjin War, each nation acted out of its own self-interest rather than as a result of diplomatic hierarchy. In this alternate theory, the self-interest of each nation stems from the hierarchy within the nations themselves. Because there was no democracy in East Asia in the late sixteenth century, each nation had a ruler who had consolidated central power. Also, because Confucian nations greatly valued prestige, protecting and

History is riddled with the names of various intellectuals and descriptions of their theories. Born of brilliant men like Marx and Machiavelli, to name a few, these theories are preserved in books, illustrated in day-to-day domestic and international affairs, and immortalized in modern theories and documents. They are the predecessors of present theories that have been reinterpreted for a different era and reapplied in a new context.

In short political philosophy is the activity with all the philosophers such as Plato,Aristotle,Machiavelli,KarlMarx,JohnHobbes,Locke,Rousseau whereby the conceptual apparatus behind such concepts as afore mentioned are analysed in their history,intent and evaluation.Political philosophy has been practiced for as long as human beings have regarded their collective arrngements no as immutable and part of the natural oder but as potentially open to changes and therefore as standing in need of political justification.It can be found in many different cultures and has taken a wide variety of forms.There are two reasons for these diversity.First the methods and approaches used by by political

Theories are used in many fields of science, but in no field are they more prevalent than Political Science. These theories are often used and researched upon to try and attempt to discern how states interact with one another. Offensive Realism, a new branch of realist political theory, is brought forth in John Mearsheimer’s book, The Tragedy of Great Power Politics. This theory focuses on the key aspects of realism, while adding a twist as to why war is an option. In his book, Mearsheimer explains the history of great powers, and predicts that China, the world’s current rising great power, will not gain hegemony in Asia peacefully. With the rise of China, he asserts the US will form coalitions with multiple states throughout Asia, to contain their growing power. This rise in power, and subsequent reactions by the US, are based on his theory Offensive Realism, which is used to predict China’s future actions. The rise of powers, and the reactions of other powers, is historically analyzed, beginning in the late 18th century, all the way to modern times. These analyzes each attempt to support his overall claim that China will rise through non-peaceful means, and shows significant support with historical examples. While the theory often meets an exception when the usual non-European power, Japan, is mentioned, Mearsheimer’s theory introduces a solid new aspect to the realm of Political Science, and presents enough evidence and information to be considered integral to

Structural realism, as a theory, is unconvincing on the whole as it suggests that human nature does not play a part in international relations. However, there is a large amount of evidence that suggests that human nature plays a significant role in international relations. This essay will outline a number of different theorists from both classical and structural realism and highlight key points and concepts within the theories. This will then help me to come to the conclusion that Waltz’s theory of structural realism is unconvincing.