Who Is M. A. Garcia's Essay 'Eggs For Sale'

Mr. Szafranski deposited his sperm to be frozen and used as a back-up on the date Ms. Dunston’s eggs were eventually retrieved. In addition, they both signed an informed consent document that not only outlined the risks involving in vitro fertilization, but stated that there could be

"A message to Garcia." This expression has had exceptional significance for different a large number of individuals everywhere throughout the world. It has turned out to be synonymous with certain honorable characteristics of character.

The first child to ever be from using test tube techniques happened in the late 1970’s. Although many have applauded this new type of technology, there is an ethical issue on whether or not embryos should be created in test-tube knowing that fact that many are not implanted and have human development. “Octo-Mom” is a classic case that may have changed many people’s perception when it comes to in-vitro fertilization. Many felt that it was ethically wrong for her doctor to conduct that type of procedure to a woman who will not have the ability to provide adequate care for the well-being of her children who may have health issues.

In reproductive technology, ethical decisions should focus on the good of the children, their individual parents, and families, and let us not forget the good health and common good of the larger society (Morrison, 2009). Exercising the principles of ethics can assist in finding common ground in NRT. Bioethical issues include the appropriate use of pre-implantation genetic diagnostic screening, use, storage and destruction of excess IVF embryos, and research involving embryos. “NRT research requires human participants, donors and donated embryos, oocytes and sperm” (Adelaide Centre for Bioethics and Culture, 2013). Ethics committees have detailed expected behaviors/regulations that are supposed to be followed if participating in this type of medical treatment. In fact, advisory groups and researchers have encouraged participants to disclose the fact of gamete donation to the offspring, and some clinics will aid in assisting future contact if all members agree. (American Society for Reproductive Medicine, 2014). As a minimum, donors, and recipients have an obligation to disclose non-identifying medical information. Should a medical issue arise in the future, all participants have a

Spare embryos shouldn’t be used in views of some people. If spare embryos are not supposed to be used for research or anything else, they should just be kept as “spare.” People view the embryos as being extra or unwanted by the parents. People believe these embryos could go to adoption

But there are many factors to where someone would donation an embryo to a clinic. From a couple’s

Anonymous sperm and egg donation is a serious topic. Some people think they should remain anonymous and some do not. A few reasons for becoming known donors are legal rights, medical reasons, and psychological problems. The parents and donor kids should know where the sperm or egg came from because it might affect their futures. Medical risks are a huge deal that everyone needs to be aware of, but especially those who are not sure where they came from. Donor children who do not know who their donor is or are looking for their biological parent, may grow up to have problems psychologically. Children have the right to know their biological background.

An issue that has caused great legal debate is the freezing of eggs and embryos. Freezing allows savings eggs or embryos for later implantation; not all are used. However, frozen embryos and eggs generally have a lower success rate. The question arises of what happens to them if the couple decides to divorce, or one or both of them dies? These situations have been decided through court determinations. In 1987, the status of frozen embryos was brought before the Victorian courts with the case of Mr and Mrs Rios, who had died in a plane crash. The embryos from Mr and Mrs Rios had been frozen in 1981. There were many ethical and moral concerns regarding this case. Should the embryos remain frozen indefinitely, be donated, or kept for research? The Infertility (Medical Procedures) Act

“Before the procedure, donors receive daily hormone injections for a week to ten days, which over-stimulates the ovaries to produce more than the usual single oocyte per menstrual cycle. The American Society for Reproductive Medicine estimates that egg donors spend fifty-six hors undergoing interviews, counseling, and medical procedures related to the process.” (Chapter Preface)

Eggsploitation is a 2010 documentary that draws attention towards the multi-billion dollar infertility industry in the United States. The filmmaker does this by investigating what transpires within the egg donation business and interviewing donors who have had damaging effects since contributing. Ultimately they go as far as to compare the process to human trafficking because of some of the consequences of donating eggs alone. The film is incredibly thought provoking and brings up several critical points, most notably the lack of sufficient safety data on the risks of egg extraction or even donor post operation records documentation. However despite this the film remains exceedingly bias as it aggressively emphasizes its views on how women

The book Inheritance by Lorena Garza Gonzalez with Lisa Trevino Cummins was an interesting book to read. The authors focused on the richness of the Latino culture and family. The book consisted of many short stories of the memories the authors had while growing up. The memories they shared had an important meaning that made them who they are today. They shared the good values, the good times, and the bad times they experienced throughout their Latino culture. The stories focused on love and family and it showed how important it is in their culture. The authors talked about their cultural and family themes, gender roles, parenting dynamics, and marital dynamics that describe the Latino culture.

Many opponents of sperm donation also believe that donation should not be allowed to remain anonymous, citing that this causes negative effects on the resulting children in the long run (Christian Science Monitor); however I believe this should be entirely the donor’s choice. Many countries have already passed laws no longer allowing anonymous donation. According to the article “In Britain, a decline in sperm donors; Anonymous no longer, most say they want to help infertile couples, not just earn extra cash" by the Christian Science Monitor, this ban on anonymous sperm donation has vastly affected the number of donors, resulting in a shortage of sperm available for use. This action does not seem to be the most logical answer as it leaves many people wanting children without means by which they can do so. The effects on the donor conceived children could just as easily be reduced by other methods such as the creation of a national registry that includes more accessible data about their donor, such as medical issues the donor themselves may have and a more detailed family history of medical predispositions; something that many children including Kathleen LaBounty, a young woman with a

IVF raises many of these difficult moral issues. If the above conceptions about the nature of ethics were correct, however, discussion of these issues would either be futile (because morality is a matter of personal choice or opinion) or superfluous (because morality is what a divine or secular authority says it is) (Walters 23). In this paper, I want to suggest that it is not only possible, but also necessary to inquire into the ethics of such practices as IVF because the fact that we can do something does not mean that we ought to do it.

This article describes how and why there has been an increase in demand even though there are ethical issues. The article states, “‘People want it. It’s legal,’ said Dr. Michael Feinman, medical director of HRC Fertility offices in Westlake Village and Encino. ‘In a competitive market, it’s obviously a way to acquire other patients’” (“Lab Methods”).

Proponents of financial compensation for organ donors argue that it’s legal to be paid for donating reproductive material, and they suggest that organs should be handled in the same manner. The obvious difference, however, is that inability to conceive a child isn’t life-threatening. Healthy organs for transplant are limited, and recipients must be carefully selected to ensure that the transplant is successful. Imagine the moral chaos that would ensue if organs were sold to the highest bidder.