Why Are Metallic And Covalent Bonding?

For the lesson observed the objectives was to explain the trends of the periodic table based on the elements’ valence electrons and atomic numbers. Additionally, students were responsible for applying their previous knowledge in calculating subatomic particles to review the Bohr Models and discus the relationship among families in the periodic table. Students will use the information from today’s lesson to make future judgments on reactivity and bonding created during chemical reactions in the next unit. Lastly, students were to connect the information on elemental properties to previous experiences with their health, commercial products, and everyday life.

12. Briefly define the following: Matter is anything that takes up space. Element is any substance that can’t be broken down into substances with different properties. Atom is the smallest part of an element that displays the properties of the element.

The students created a macroscopic, three-dimensional (3D) model of several properties of the periodic table. They explained in their own words the following terms: atomic radii, ionic radii, first ionization energy, and electronegativity. Lastly, they identified, described, and explained the patterns observed in the 3D periodic tables for the following element properties: atomic radii, ionic radii, first ionization energy, and electronegativity.

a. atoms lose electrons if they have just one or two electrons in their valence shells; they gain electrons if they need just one or two electrons to complete the valence shell as in K+CL- __Ionic bonds_

In the nucleus of an atom there are protons and neutrons the number of protons and neutrons depends on the element and ,if it is an isotope of that element. E.g. carbon 12, carbon 12 has six neutrons six protons and 6 electrons . Electrons are located around the nucleus of the atom. Electrons are in shells, the shell closest to the nucleus is 1 , the one after 2 and so on. Each shell can only hold up to a certain number of electrons . the first can hold up to 2 , the second 8 (2+6) the third up to 18 (2+6+10). The general formula for finding out how many electrons a shell can hold is 2n^2. Electrons have a negative charge , while protons have a positive and neutrons have no charge. A atom has the same number of protons and electrons. An ion is formed when an atom loses or gains a electrons .

Determine how many covalent bonds an atom needs in order to fill its valence shell, using the periodic table.

If all atoms want to have 8 electrons on their outer shell, what should happen between Na and Cl for each atom to reach that state of having 8 valence electrons?

To understand how this electricity works we must start with the basics. The atom is the smallest unit of matter, consisting of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons have a positive charge, neutrons have no charge, and electrons have a negative charge. Electric charges that are the same repel each other and charges that are different attract each other. Electric charges can exist alone, unlike magnetic poles.

It starts with subatomic particles, such as protons and electrons, produce electrical fields. These relating electrical fields are composed primarily of electrons,

What is an atom? An atom is the basic building block of everything. An atom is made of electrons protons and neutrons and the number of protons determines the element. Back in the 1800’s this whole idea was unknown. In the 1800’s steam was starting to power everything. It became important to know how steam works, so you can learn to use it more effectively. It was this idea that drove Dalton to research the atom.

For the following molecules determine which atoms are bonded (write the symbols with a bond between them), the electronegativity difference between them, and the type of chemical bond it represents. If the bond is ionic, state what ions are produced. If the bond is polar covalent, indicate the direction of the dipole on the symbols from the first part.

it has 2 unpaired electrons in the 4P orbital. in a chemical reaction it is likely to take 2 electrons & become Se-2 or likely to do 2 covalent bond with other atom. it is also likely to lose all 6 electrons in its valence shell & become a +6, or fewer electrons & become +4 or a +2 just as sulfur does above it in the same group.

There are 29 electrons in the copper atom. There are 29 electrons in copper because copper has to stay neutral, which means that there are also 29 protons. So, since electrons have a negative charge, and protons have a positive charge, 29 negative plus 29 positive equals no charge/neutral. The electron configuration in symbols can be translated by: the first number is the shell number, the letter is the subshell, and the “to the power of,” or superscript, is the number of electrons that are present in the subshell. In the “s” subshell, there is 1 orbital, in the “p” subshell there are 3 orbitals, and in “d” subshells, there are 5 orbitals (“Electron Shell.” Wikipedia). Each orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons. So, the “s” subshell can hold 2 electrons, the “p” subshell can hold 6 electrons, and the “d” subshell can hold 10 electrons. Since there are 29 electrons in copper, all of the orbitals in the subshells will be filled, except there will be one extra “s” subshell if you use 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s1. The fourth shell is the highest shell that contains electrons in copper. So, if you were to add up 4s + 4p + 4d + 4f, it would equal 32 electrons (“Electron Shell.”

An Atom is the the basic building block of all matter. Atoms are made up of Particles, called: Protons, neutrons and Electrons. Protons carry a positive charge, the neutron carry 's a neutral charge and the electron carry’s a negative charge. The Atom has two main parts the Nucleus and the Electron Shell. The Nucleus contains the Protons and Neutrons. The electron Shell Contains the The electrons.

The outer shell of electrons that orbit the nucleus of an atom is called the valance shell. This is what makes a copper atom conduct. For a copper atom the number of electrons is one. When a charge of electricity is placed in the end of a wire the electrons move into the wire. Since there is only one electron in the valance shell of a copper atom it can be easily dislodged with a small amount of energy causing it to jump to the next atom. This will then cause the valance electron of that atom to jump to the next atom and so forth. This movement happens very fast making it possible for a large number of electrons to move through the wire. An example of a conductive atom is shown figure 1.