Why Do Sub Saharan African Women Work

The affected resources is not the only problem; the decision making over the fate of the land is another part of the difficulty for women. In most of the poorer countries, men have the control of the land and what becomes of it. They make the laws and usually women do not have a political voice in the decision. Laws in most of Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia discriminate against women in regards to ownership of properties. Women cannot properly be the steward of the land and its resources that both men and women depend on to survive and continue their

Higher levels of education for women would increase the opportunity cost for women chosing to work outside the home. The opportunity cost rises because as a women’s education level increases, so does the available positions the woman is qualified for, hence a higher level of income. This means a woman chosing not to work outside the home is forgoing the opportunity for higher education for women to benefit her and her potential to earn higher wages.

In today’s world, people think that all women and men workers around the world are being payed equally, but as some people know that is not a case. Most of the time when people think about work they think about paid work. All around the world some mothers or women choose their job as a domestic worker, which is categorized as salary workers. Salary workers are people who works as an employee in companies, stores or another people’s house and get paid for a specific period of time. The reason women take this domestic work as a job because they have to take care of the family during earning money such as take care of their child and make meal for family.

Clearly, there is a problem here because men are dependent on for cash crops while women are dependent on for survival with food crops. With women having a lower percentage of education than men, this results in women having limited land rights so it is hard for them to make decisions and expand in their farming systems. But according to the 2010 MDP report, this gender inequality is decreasing which will result in a greater Ag GDP due to women being able to expand and make more decisions with more education (UNDP, Ghana, 2012, page 3). And being able to increase food production and yields through more education will result in less poverty and hunger in Ghana which will also contribute to the MDP goals.

Through emphasizing the shortcomings of patriarchal sciences—such as the green revolution and biotechnology—Shiva highlights the importance of women in agriculture. Masculine methods of agriculture assume superiority over Third World methods. They regard Third World methods (which are largely influenced by women’s expertise) as “primitive” and “backward.” However, in reality,

The paper states, “Whether it is woman’s or man’s job that is lost in a crisis, women make more efforts to find ways to compensate for the loss of family income, often working in informal sector, and at times under difficult conditions.” This shows that women make more effort to provide for their family when their job is lost. Between 2008 and 2011, at least twenty million jobs were lost. There was another five million at risk at that time. About ten of the twenty million job losses happened in emerging or developed countries (Nandal, 2011). In 2009, the global unemployment rate for women could reach up to 7.4 percent while it is up to 7 percent for men. Globally, South Asia and Sub- Saharan Africa have two of the largest concentration of the poor. In South Asia, as of 2015, about fifteen percent of its population lives on less than a dollar a day. Around thirteen and a half percent of Sub-Saharan Africa's population also lives on less than a dollar a day (Kehler, 2001). Africa, especially South Africa, is struggling to overcome the burden of class, race and gender inequality. The reality of women is still determined by these factors to assess resources and different opportunities. In just South Africa alone the unemployment rate increased about 3.2 percent in three years. Of that 3.2 percent, fifty six percent were women while forty four percent were men. Women who are extremely

The agricultural workforce is made up of 80% of the country’s people while the other 20 percent works in services and industry. Even though unemployment doesn’t exist, the country is still poor but hopes to see some significant progress and changes to offset the housing shortages, the lack of clean water, infrastructure reconstruction, jobs, education, and economic reform.

In Tanzania, women do not get job opportunities that pay enough to sustain their families, the country as a whole is very poor and not very well off. In the UAE, “More than 80% of UAE residents were foreigners in 2010, and about 85% of the total workforce was comprised of nonUAE nationals” there is no doubt that the

Most populations of developing countries rely on agriculture for their living (Hurley 2010), and more than 45 percent of sub-Saharan Africa’s population lives under the poverty line (Jayne et al. 2003). In 2008/09, Pauw et al. (2011) estimated poverty in Mozambique at approximately 55 percent. Agriculture occupies 81 percent of the country’s population (Demeke et al. 2009). The livelihood of most Mozambicans is based around the farm plot. Ninety-four percent of rural households depend, in some way, on the land. On average, households farm approximately 1.4 hectares (Heltberg and Tarp 2002). Production of food staples is dominated by smallholders and is subsistence-oriented (Uaiene et al. 2009). Families sell, on average, 29 percent of their crop output and the average annual value of sales 447,000 Meticais (MT), equivalent USD forty, per selling house hold (Heltberg and Tarp 2002). Maize and

Access to agriculture training and service - to improve their methods of farming and selling their products

The year 1970 marked a shift in perspectives on development studies- Earlier, it was automatically assumed that men and women benefit from development in the same way. There existed no gender perspectives in studies of economic development. However, post-1970s marked an era where realization dawned on development economists and theorists that economic development did not affect different sections of people in a similar manner. The development of the economy did not eradicate poverty and the fruits of development did not reach certain categories of people, especially women. The 1970’s saw a change in development theory that sought to

Imagine you are a woman working in East Africa. You were forced to drop out of school because your family couldn’t afford it and you are unable to provide a good quality of life for your children so you have to work at a labor-intensive job that pays poorly and has no benefits. This is the sad reality for many women in East Africa.

This research is interested in identifying the nexus between women’ land rights and food security within West African states (ECOWAS states). The majority of ECOWAS countries sustain their economies through agriculture. In 2012, agriculture accounted for 35% of the region’s Gross Domestic Product (DGP), contributing $6 billion to its foreign trade and represented 16.1% of products and services exported from ECOWAS region (Salifou 2012). Agriculture also created 60% all jobs in the ECOWAS region in 2012.

Tout d’abord nous allons étudier la UN Food and Agriculture Organisation comme réponse internationale à la problématique de l’agriculture et de la sécurité alimentaire chez les femmes. La FAO a fait de la cause des femmes une cause primordiale. En effet, elle reconnaît que si les femmes avaient accès aux mêmes ressources pour l’agriculture que les hommes, que ce soit en matériels ou en terrains, “the gains in agricultural production alone could lift 100–150 million people out of hunger.“1 1Ainsi, la FAO a établi quatre principes concernant la politique à suivre pour le futur : “eliminate discrimination under the law, promote equal access to resources and opportunities, ensure that agricultural politicies and programmes are gender-aware and make women’s voices heard in decision-making at all levels.“12 De nombreuses négociations concernant les Objectifs du millénaire pour le développement avaient placé les femmes et les filles comme une priorité pour atteindre un accès égale à la terre et aux autres ressources car aujourd’hui, la majorité des personnes qui vivent dans le seuil d’extrême pauvreté sont des femmes. En effet, la FAO semble

The research and development community faces the challenge of sustaining livestock productivity in order both to improve rural livelihoods and secure environmental sustainability in the developing countries. Current understanding of livestock productivity is incomplete and, hence, the need to update existing knowledge and to assess the role of livestock farmers in bringing about a significant improvement to their livelihoods. In addition, there is a need to pay more attention to the relative contributions of livestock farmers to the different sources of their livelihood and the way in which these vary between households, the extent to which people are