Why Europeans Sought To Study

Europeans were motivated to conquest to gain money, and trade was one of the channels where they found it. However, during

1.) The desire to find new trade routes to Asia was one of the motivations for European explorations. Europeans were seeking the wealth of Africa and Asia. They wanted profit, they wanted gold. The spice market was also a huge profit of trading and several countries tried to gain control of spice trade. Another motivation was God and religion. Europeans wanted to spread the teachings of the Gospel to other parts of the world. They believed it was their duty to spread the word of God. Lastly, land was another motivation for European explorations. Some rulers, especially the King of Spain, and the King of Portugal, wanted to claim as much land as they could. The more land and money a country owned, the better their chance of domination in Europe.

Throughout the 15th and 16th centuries, European exploration and expansion thrived. Portugal led the way in this movement of exploration with their development of efficiently built ships known as caravels, seafaring devices such as compasses and astrolabes, and cutting-edge naval academies. Various European countries, including Spain, England, France, etc., followed Portugal’s example by utilizing their progressive naval technology. These technological advancements led to the crossing of oceans and eventually the circumnavigation of the world. These Portuguese sailing techniques were implemented by explorers such as Christopher Columbus, John Cabot, Hernando Cortes, Francisco Pizarro, and Bernal Castillo allowing them to travel by sea to places such as Africa, East Asia, the Caribbean, and the Americas. These nations and explorers were persuaded to put in the time and effort to complete these complex expeditions by three essential motivations. Financial gain, political dignity, and religious expansion were fundamental motivators for the European Age of Exploration.

In 1488, Bartholomeu Dias led the Portuguese exploration efforts by reaching the Cape of Good Hope. Then in 1498, Vasco da Gama was able to sail all of the way to India via travel around the Cape of Good Hope and into the Indian Ocean. Due to these voyages Europeans were able to obtain spices and other goods from this region. By opening up trading routes from Europe to Asia the diet of the average citizen became richer; helping to extend the life expectancy rate. In addition to trading opportunities opened up with these countries the Europeans used these journeys to spread Christianity. Whether this is a positive or negative effect is based on every person’s personal preference. Also, due to these explorations the population of the world appeared

European explorers first landed on the shores of what would later become North America more than 500 years ago. Not long after the first explorers had entered the "New World" they found out that they were not alone on this new frontier. Their neighbors in this new land were the Native Americans who had been there for centuries, virtually unaware of life outside the continent. Thus began an inconsistent and often times unstable relationship between the European settlers and the North American Indians. Two nations who had particularly interesting relationships with the Native Americans were the British and the French, both of whom took different approaches to their relations with the Indians economically as well

In 1492, spice trade led to Europe's exploration and discovery of the Americas, their advanced weaponry allowed for the colonization of the Americas and also slave trade in Africa. Europe was on the verge of an economic explosion before this time and the Columbian Exchange and Triangular Exchange between Europe, Africa, and the Americas was the push they needed for their economy to boom. The Europeans began to grow wealthy at the expense of Africa and the Americas. The growing economy started to create a middle class and the Europeans began to see themselves as superior, socially and economically, especially

The first supporting evidence for this statement is,“Portugal was too poor and rocky to support more than a modest agricultural economy. It lacked the commercial expertise and resources to break into the Italian-dominated trade of the Mediterranean.”(Page 22) This evidence stated that people wanted to travel to other places because Portugal was too poor and rocky for people to support an agricultural economy. Another supporting evidence is, “Europe was poorly endowed with gold. Many mines which had formerly produced gold were now all but exhausted; much gold had been lost to Europe through plunder and continuing trade with the East.”(Page 13) The analysis of this evidence is that Most of the gold was gone in Europe because the mines were exhausted, and Europe exchanged much of their gold to Asia to get spices, and other goods. People also wanted to travel to new places because of their technological

Europe craved the Asian goods such as silk, drugs for aching flesh, perfumes, colorful draperies, and spices (sugar).

European nations in the 15th century began exploring new lands with three motives: religion, wealth, and glory. It was made possible by advances in naval fleet building and navigation, first pioneered by the Portuguese. Europeans began to be involved in extensive exploration, coming in contact with Africa, Americas and their prime target Asia. The main targets of the pioneering Portugese and Spanish was to find and alternate trade route for the Indies trade and also promote Christianity to the new lands. As the century unfolded, the search for newer territories to colonize and shortern routes to the exotic land of spices and silk became the initial driving force for the intensive early exploration by the Europeans .

Most of all, the Europeans were seeking wealth. When they arrived, not only did they find that there were already people here, but they also came to realize that the gold they were seeking didn’t exist. Rather

While Constantinople was being sacked by the Ottomans in 1453, changing the most key trading hub in the world to the Islamic stronghold of Istanbul, Europe was suffering from the unjust role of monarchs. With exploration to the Americas and West Indies beginning in 1492. Europeans had various reasons for departing their homelands and going to settle in the new world, including religious, commercial, and developmental reasons.

During the 15th through 16th centuries, The Portuguese and Spanish explorers were very attracted to valuable resources, new land, and trade routes. These motives encouraged them to seek out new explorations and search for items that would benefit their home countries. Common resources that both the Spanish and Portuguese sought out included silks, porcelain, spices, persian horses, silver, and gold (Chasteen, 2001). Although the Portuguese and Spanish explored and sought out new land for many of the same reasons, they also had some different causes for exploration which were often very specific to the needs and goals of Portugal and Spain.

On the other side he discovered a vast body of water that he named "South

The European economic motivation was the main cause of European exploration in the 15th and 16th centuries. New trade, and the search for gold and spices were the three main motives behind Europe’s thirst for exploration and discovery. Trade with Asia and Africa was shrinking, Europe’s gold supply was drained, and spices were growing in demand, forcing Europe to send explorers in search of new resources and trade.

The main motivation of European exploration was economic motives. People were beginning to become more interested in traveling by sea to reach Asia and Africa and all their riches(Duiker,494). The spice trade was what linked Europe to Asia, and the gold trade linked Europe to Africa. Furthermore, in the 15th and 16th centuries, as the economy and purchasing power of Europe developed and increased, the spice demand grew at a steady rate(Arnold,12). Therefore, spices were one of the few things that made overseas trade possible. Europe did not have very much gold to begin with, so ultimately the gold mines that they did possess were emptied. After 1400, Europe started trading with the areas that produced gold, increasing their amount of gold. Gold was very important to Europe, because not only was it used for decorations, but also their currency. In 1500, Portugal was controlling the flow of gold to Europe, making Portugal much wealthier(Buckler,500). Eventually, slaves were included in the gold