Why Is The Human Genome Project Important

In March 2000, many scientists decoded the genetic makeup of a fruit fly because the biology of a fruit fly has a lot in common with mammals, from this we found out that a fruit fly contains 13,601 genes but humans have 70,000 genes. Then in 2002 scientists decoded the genome of a mouse, the 1st animal, what we found from that is 90% of the mouse's genome could be aligned with a human genome. In 2003 the human genome project was

The genome project to me can be a positive and negative thing. The fact that we are now able to duplicate genes, could we someday be able to have identical clones of our selves. By having this accessible to everyone can also eliminate cancer and can help cure just about everyone that has it. They already cured at

The HGP was a 13-year long project started in 1990 with the objective of determining the entire human euchromatic genome sequence. It was a public funded project and the goal was to complete the project within 15 years. Since its inception, the project had been met with scepticism from scientists and commoners alike. One significant doubt was whether the astounding expenditure of the project would outweigh the potential benefits from it. However, the incredible success of the HGP became apparent very soon after completion. Not only did it mark the beginning of a new era in medicine, it also made significant development in the various techniques that can be used for DNA sequencing. This publicly funded, $3 billion project began formally in 1990, under the co-ordinated effort of the United States Department of Energy (DOE) and National Institutes of Health (NIH). Although destined to be completed in 15 years, rapid technological development accelerated the completion date to 2003.

Everyone stands to benefit from the developments made in the field of genetics as everyone is made of genes. Genetics is the study genes and how they influence human biology. Genes are the molecular unit of inheritance found in cells, these genes encode everything about human physiology ranging from eye/hair colour to height, possible mental/physical disorders and so on. The field of genetic testing is concerned with advancements in the study of the functions of individual genes and how they influence living things. Major advances have been made in the study of the genetic structure of humans and external influences to our internal makeup, such as our quality of life and their implications that may have on our physical and mental development.

The documentary Cracking the Code of Life tells the story of two scientific teams, racing to decode the human genome. It talked about the wide range of possibilities the human genome presents once decoded, from curing diseases to completely preventing them in future generations. The documentary also talked about genetic engineering, which, at the most basic definition, is the altering of a human or plant genes. Genetic engineering presents the idea that we could one day genetically engineer human DNA to no longer carry serious diseases. The idea of being able to completely prevent humans from suffering from serious diseases one day astounded and horrified me.

Since the invasion of the western culture on the rest of the world, a new standard of science has emerged. This new breed of scientist digs for answers wherever he/she thinks that they may be found, with no compassion for the environment around them or the outcome of those actions. The modern day scientist seems to have a problem with accepting nature for the way it is and instead, is trying to constantly rearrange it for the proclaimed reason of, the good of man. DNA research began over twenty years ago because, mankind has always had a lust for how we work and operate. DNA, it was found, seemed to be the blueprint for how the human genetic structure worked and operated. This was where science obviously needed to be headed as it was after all, the possible key to all of mankind’s questions of itself. Some years after, the massive project began known as the Human Genome Project. The project began with the promise of, in the end, being able to figure out the cause of almost every human malfunction and the cure for it (Thomas, p 51).

Genes are what makes Elizabeth, with her unique physical traits, skin, eye, and hair color, even the texture of her hair. Genes also determine many other things such as if babies are going to be male or female also determining the likelihood of humans contacting a certain disease. Gene therapy is the introduction of genes into existing cells; it’s a new way to cure a wide range of dangerous diseases.

The Human Genome Project: A Government Initiative The Human Genome Project (HGP) is a worldwide effort aimed at analyzing the structure of human DNA and determining the location of the estimated 100,000 human genes, the entire human genome. This effort will study and compare the DNA of other organisms to further our understanding of the human genetic makeup. This unique idea originated shortly after the United States developed and used the atomic bomb. There was a need of information regarding the study of the genome structure, replication, damage, repair and the consequences of genetic mutations especially those that are caused by radiation and chemical by-products of energy production. The U.S. Congress put D.O.E. (The Department of Energy) in charge of this research. The researchers soon realized that the best way to get these results would be to analyze the entire human genome so that they could obtain a reference sequence. The

In 1980 a projected called The Genome Project was proposed. Although, it didn’t officially start until 1990. The main idea of this project was to determine the DNA sequences of the human genome. Which could ultimately being around 3 billion nucleotide pairs. Another project is called The Human Genome Diversity Project, which is very similar to the Human Genome Project. Both of these projects discussed humans through DNA

Investigating God's majestic and awesome creation and attempting to improve the world should be encouraged not hindered. DNA, the information molecule of all living things, is an example of the part of the body that is being studied by researchers in order to further gain the knowledge to successfully manipulate it. According to Akudo Ejelonu, The Human Genome Project is “an international thirteen-year project that began in October 1990.” This project allows for the study of the elegance and complexity of our own bodies by gathering data from DNA in order to develop new ways to treat, cure, or even prevent the thousands of diseases that can afflict humankind ("What is the Human Genome Project "). For this reason, there are incredible stories of its use, such as doctors being able to safely draw blood from a pregnant woman and analyze the DNA of her unborn child. "Those of us in the field who do diagnostic procedures like CVS and amnio have seen a drastic decrease in the number of those procedures that are being performed," says Dr. Mary Norton, an expert on maternal-fetal medicine and genetics. "Places are reporting doing fewer than half the number of procedures that were being done previously". A dramatic impact like this in the process of prenatal screening could not have happened without the interference of scientists in the study of the human

What is the effect of the knowledge gained through the mapping of the human genome on society?

Reasoning behind this that we still do not understand human genes completely and will not know for sure what will come out of the Human Genome Project. People expect the project to improve healthcare, but no one knows if this process will do a reverse effect, or a gene can be simply ignored or even possibly cause a chain reaction that could damage our bodies (APECSEC.org, 2015). Along with not knowing genes completely, there are technical aspects of the genome project that are still flawed and still need to be resolved. The project wants to make an accurate reference sequence of the human genome. The human genome is made up of one compound, DNA. However, DNA is a sequence of different base pairs, adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine that are arranged in a double helix structure. Yet the genome project wants to direct cell function and ultimately tissue differentiation. There was a complication during the investigation on how to obtain a sample to try to make their sequence of genes and decided to use four individuals. It was found that the DNA came from a limited group of donors in regards to the whole human population. It is also believed that consent to make the DNA sequence public information wasn’t taken from the donors. No one will know if this process will work for everyone or anyone (Ringdahl,

The human genome project is an incredible feat. The significance and contributions of the project to the science world has and will have a significant impact of the way we treat, diagnosis, and prepare for diseases if an individual knows they have a predisposition to it. There are two significant contributions that I believe has been very beneficial to the health field. The first is recording and storing all the new found information on genomics into one database. More importantly though is having this enormous information in a database that is easy to navigate and that is useful to multiple different professional fields of study. With this database health personal can see the genomes of different species and over time can be able to the evolutionary changes of genetics of different species. Health professionals can also take the genome of a patient and compare it to the human genome in the database to see if they have a genetic predisposition to a disease or an abnormal genome to diagnose a disease. “Such detailed, fundamental understanding about our bodies will have profound effects on the ways diseases are diagnosed, on the prevention of disease, and on treatments.” (Collins, McKusick, Jegalian, 2012) With the identification/belief that there are “approximately 20,000-25,000 genes in human DNA,” (U.S. Department of Energy Human Genome Project, 2014) we have now begun to identify which genes contribute to diseases. The identification of these mutate genes can be recorded

Scientists have used both human and non-human genes in the process of discovering new prescriptions and therapies hence through the use of technology and scientific innovation, realizing that whether the human body is responding to stimuli in the environment such as viruses or toxins, ''All diseases have a genetic component!'' The genome project is also believed to enable high quality personalized medication and avoiding expensive futile drugs which in turn will reduce the adverse effects that occurs due to drug administration.

The Human Genome Project basically was a research program that worked on a goal to get an image of human genome and get a better understanding of all a human beings genes. DNA is founded on 4 chemical bases, they turn into twisted ladder shaped DNA molecules. And all the the four bases are what create the genes just placed in different ways and different lengths. One revelation of the human genome project was when they learned that there are about 20,500 genes. The Human Genome Project brought many scientist together around the world and each one was an important factor for the project. It was a publicly funded organization and got funds and support from the Department of Energy and US National Institutes of Health