“Why Is the Waterfall Model Valuable in the Management of Information Technology Projects?”

Test Plan: The software is tested using two levels of testing viz. black box testing and white box testing. White box testing could be carried out in three different phases viz. unit testing system/integration testing and validation testing. • Unit Testing: Unit testing, also known as Module Testing, focuses verification efforts on the module. The module is tested separately and this is carried out at the programming stage itself.Unit Test comprises of the set of tests performed by an individual programmer before integration of the unit into the system. Unit test focuses on the smallest unit of software design- the software component or module. Using component level design, important control paths are tested to uncover errors within the boundary of the module. Unit test is white box oriented and the step can be conducted in parallel for

In the last phase, the verify phase, the team validates the design, implements a pilot to confirm expected results, and verifies that the process output meets the expectations of all stakeholders (Bozarth & Handfield, 2008).

One commonly-used business process methodology is that of the Systems Development Lifecycle (SDL). The steps of the method involve: defining the components of the proposed system; determining its requirements (interviewing users, determining existing processes); designing the system components (determining specifications and job definitions); implementing the system (building, testing, and/or converting the existing system) and then maintaining the system (by fixing failures and quality monitoring) (Noe 2010: 18).

5. Implementation – This phase involves installing the system in its planned operating arena, training the users, converting data, turning the system over to the sponsor, and evaluating its performance and processes. System bugs are identified and corrected and planning for sustaining the system takes place.

In the world of Computer Science, Information Technology, and Software development, people always work together to get tasks done. Whether you get someone from the Business side, the programming side, the Cyber Security side, or even HR, these people all work together sometimes to work on a task and finish the task. Agile is one of the most prominent method of using and as well as building a design for a client’s needs. But to make it a little more complicated, there a few different subsets within Agile – Scrum and Waterfall.

A.The Design phase talks about how the system will operate in terms of hardware,software and networking infrastructure.

The waterfall model was legally introduced as an idea through a paper that had been published by a man called Winston Royce in the year 1970. However, due to the waterfall model being introduced by Winston Royce himself, it had been introduced as an example of a flawed software development method, which was vulnerable due to its shortcomings. The waterfall model philosophy had been inherited from the hardware manufacture and construction strategies that had been in practice in the year 1970s; therefore it had a structured approach to the software development itself. In comparison to the agile methodology, which developed in the year 1990s where the developers had decided to break away from the traditional structured, segmented and administrative approaches, which were being made to the developed software, and progressed towards more of the flexible development styles. The term Agile can be referred to as being lightweight methods, which had been declared in a research paper in the year 1974 by Edmonds. Furthermore, some of the most noticeable and common agile methods of the software development that subsequently had been evolved were known as Scum in the year 1995, 'Extreme Programming ' in 1996, 'Adaptive Software Development ', 'Dynamic Systems Development Method ' in 1995 and 'Feature Driven Development '. In the year 2001, a team of developers in the agile software development had declared the agile manifesto. The agile

The Waterfall approach to design is an ordered design process used in software development where progress is seen moving at a steady pace in a downward flow through the various stages of development. The downward flowing nature of this design process is the impetus for its naming convention. The Waterfall model is a hardware-oriented model which was adapted for use as a software development methodology. The various stages of the Waterfall design method would include conception, initiation, analysis, design, construction, testing, implementation, and maintenance. System and software requirements are captured in the conception stage. Models and rules are determined during analysis, and software architecture is produced during the design stage. Software integration and coding surface within the construction phase. Defect debugging occurs while testing, and installation, support, and maintenance are the ending step in the process. The Waterfall model suggests that movement to the next phase in the process should only take place after the preceding phase has been reviewed and verified. Modified waterfall models might include variations of this theory. Variations could include returning to the prior cycle after finding a flaw, or going back to the design phase if necessary.

The frameworks improvement life cycle, in its variation shapes, stays one of the most seasoned yet still broadly utilized strategies for programming advancement and procurement techniques in the data innovation (IT) coliseum. While it has developed throughout the years in light of regularly changing situations and outlook changes relating to the building or gaining of programming, its focal inhabitants are as material today as they ever were. Life-go stages have experienced emphases of distinctive names and number of steps, however at the center the SDLC is flexible in its time tested organization in business, industry, and government. During the requirements gathering and investigation stage, it is critical that a large portion of the significant prerequisites are caught precisely. It 's best to have the same number of gatherings as important to ensure the customer 's needs are caught on. At the point when examining the prerequisites, you ought to attempt to distinguish any dangers and offer procedures for danger moderation.

The new leadership of Tony’s Chips has decided to move the website to an internally hosted site instead of its current external site. The newer internal website should be redesigned in order to allow customers to buy products online. The development of the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) created a much easier way to develop systems. This process will be used for Tony’s Chip’s new independent company. Each step in this process is clearly defined through each individual phase. The SDLC consists of five different phases that will be utilized in this project. The five phases are systems planning, systems analysis, systems design, systems implantation, and systems support and security. The sequential steps are often called “a waterfall” because each phase should be completed before moving on to the next. Once a phase is completed, there is no returning to it.

In an organization, there are major risks and uncertainties in systems development that need to be addressed by the management. Determining when new systems and business processes can have the greatest impact is involved in these challenges. This may be the reasons why organizational change and development is becoming a common scenario to talk about involving management, organizations, business, and leadership. With the fast-changing environment, business conditions

In this semester, we covered three SDLC’s waterfall, incremental, and integration. The waterfall model divided the process of software development into different steps and the next step could not be initialized until the current step was completed. Incremental development was more of an agile development, since the processes could interleave. Integration development relies heavily on reusable code, which focused into integrating the components into the system. GCC and CLANG strive to give users the latest and most recent updates of their compilers. Therefore, with both being updated so frequently, the waterfall model is not the best SDLC for either of these systems. However, GCC or CLANG could be either incremental or integration. Both

Phase 1- Define: Initially the problem (defects occurring) is clearly and specifically defined. Consists of the project objectives, project team, process and the critical customer requirements

The systems development life cycle, according to Elliott & Strachan & Radford (2004), "originated in the 1960s, to develop large scale functional business systems in an age of large scale business conglomerates. Information systems activities revolved around heavy data processing and number crunching routines".

The testing discipline includes activities that verify correct functioning of infrastructure and application software components.