11. Please describe two (and only two) reasons why post-licensure requirements for recordkeeping and reporting are particularly important for product designated as biologics Post-approval requirements for recordkeeping and reporting are extremely helpful to monitor the activity of the product. Moreover, the product records are kept in order to constantly control the safety and effectiveness of the product. Post-licensure recordkeeping establish the database with all related documents including adverse events reports, additional clinical trials data, changes in labeling of the products and etc. 12. Please describe two (and only two) types of manufacturing arrangements that are permitted by FDA for biologic products There are two types of manufacturing agreements for the biologics – sole manufacturing and cooperative manufacturing agreements. Sole manufacturing concept implies that all manufacturing operations are conducted at a single site. This type of manufacturing is not the most common arrangement today. The biologic manufacturers that choose to work under the sole manufacturing model prefer to use either multi-use facilities or pilot plants. Multi-use facilities and pilot plans permit production of several products. Cooperative manufacturing concept has four additional types of manufacturing arrangement: • Short supply arrangement The most limited manufacturing arrangement. The manufacturer can use another manufacturing site when there is deficiency of the material
(TCO A) A company intends to establish a manufacturing facility by buying an existing factory from a company in the same industry. A state-of-the art manufacturing line with supporting utilities will be established
The report analyzes three options to record the transfer of the in process research and development project Drug X from Bust-a-Knee to Pharmers. Based on the analysis, we recommend Options #3 as the approach to record the journal entries at the date of transfer.
b. According to the Commerciality Determination Report written for the BSVD program, the required biosensor is not readily available in the commercial marketplace. Analyze the report and identify four areas where either the market research does not adequately address the requirements of FAR Part 10 or the thoroughness of documentation is lacking to support its conclusions. (1 point for each identified area
-Use a joint venture with a biotechnology company to complete the testing and commercialization. (This was the option of Biopart. Abgenix would bear moderate risk but split profits.)
Finally, clinical trial endpoints and the standards to which they are held significantly impact the regulatory and approval process for new drug applications.
The United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) was established to set the standards for the manufacture, nomenclature, indications, and chemical characteristics of drugs and continues to do so today. In 1938, the Pure Food and Drug Act created the FDA, to ensure the, “safety, efficacy, and appropriate labeling and advertising of pharmaceutical products before approving them for sale” (Blum, 2002). Prescription drugs are developed and both pre-clinical and
In this paper, I am going to discuss about the premarket approval process for pharmaceuticals from its drug development to ultimate approval conducted in Canada and United States. The main intention of Canada (Health Canada) and United States(USFDA) is safety and well-being of public.
The contract manufacturing process involves a manufacturer contracting a firm for finished products or components; it can be seen as a type of outsourcing. In health supplements, a firm or individual comes up with a formula or idea for the creation of a health supplement. The viability of the idea or formula is researched to determine whether it is something the company offering this type of manufacturing is able to do.
In process licensing, a firm gives the licensee the right to use production processes. This type of licensing may be common in the Pharmaceutical industry, regarding patented drugs/products. Product licensing allows a firm to grant specific rights in the manufacture of products, while distribution licensing gives the licensee the ability to market and distribute products in an area. Brand licensing allows a firm to use a firm’s brand. Licensing enables the licensor to benefit from the skills, comparative advantage, and other capacities of the licensee (Morschett et al., 2015,
Clinical trials regulations aim to create an environment that is favorable for conducting clinical trials, with the highest standards of patient safety. Guidance documents have been issued by the regulatory departments to assist in the interpretation of policies and regulations and to ensure a uniform application of the legislations on clinical trials.
Biologics lot release conducted by the regulatory authorities is part of the regulation of biologics and involves the independent assessment of each individual lot of a licensed biologic before it is released onto the market.
FDA categorizes three classes of product: (1) Drug, (2) Device, and (3) Biologics. Drug is the product intended for use in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease, which is regulated by the Center for drug evaluation and research (CDER). The second category- Device is the product which does not achieve its intended purposes through chemical reaction in human, and it is not dependent upon being metabolized to achieve its primary purposes. This product is called an instrument, apparatus, implement, machine, contrivance, implant, in vitro reagent, or similar. Device is regulated by the center for devices and radiological health (CDRH), and the biologics are regulated by the center for biologics evaluation and research (CBER). For now, there is not a specific center to review the combination product.
There are similarities and differences among the regulations addressing the approval process of biosimilar products within the United States, the European Union, South Korea and Japan. This paper will attempt to identify these similarities and differences and determine how best practices can be leveraged among the associated regulatory bodies.
The Biotechnology Product Manufacturing Industry engenders medicines, treatments, and vaccines. Geneticist Stanley Cohen and Doctor Herbert Boyer pioneer a new scientific field of recombinant Deoxyribonucleic Acid (rDNA) technology (Chemical Heritage Foundation, 2010-2016). The industry, genetically transforms the wellspring of supplements and petroleum of the human cellular structure. The principle headquarters of production is California (CA), Switzerland, Canada, Taiwan, including the examination facilities of England to Northern France (Hoovers, 2016). The administrative framework of the association is optimal toward the environment and the safety of public health. However, the threat of hazardous organisms requires the unique extent
Prior to marketing approval, relatedness is an additional determinant for reporting events occurring during clinical trials or preclinical studies associated with investigational new drugs and biologics. For pharmaceutical companies, AE reporting is a regulatory requirement in most countries. AE reporting also provides data to these companies and drug regulatory authorities that play a key role in assessing the risk-benefit profile of a given drug.2