Why There Is Need to Study Ihrm and Cross Culture Management?

Introduction No matter what part of the world a person lives in, he or she exists in a culture. Culture is an intricate and beautiful part of society, as every culture differs greatly. Although each culture is different, the core of all cultures are the same. Culture is defined as, “The sum of the material and nonmaterial components underlying the social environment” (cite textbook). Culture can be broken down into parts; these parts include material and nonmaterial aspects of culture, cultural norms, and social issues.

“The behaviors and beliefs characteristic of a particular social, ethnic or age group” (Sagar, 2012) is the definition of culture. A culture can be something as simple and unique as being involved with those who love classical music, or it can be something more straightforward and typical such as being a parent. Many cultures descend from generation to generation including their beliefs held dearly to their hearts.

Culture is a systematic way of thinking, reacting and feeling that is characteristic of a human group which accounts for differences between cultures(Miao-Ling 2006). Cultural values play a substantial role in providing human beings with

Culture is defined by Webster’s Dictionary as “The customary belief, social forms, and material traits of a racial, religious, or social group; also: the characteristic features of everyday existence share by people in a place or time”. In other words, it is the complex whole which is socially shared and learned by the members of a society. Humans adapted culture which is unique in the world of nature. Culture is described such as beliefs, customs, language, education level, values, social behavior, economic status, laws, and other capabilities acquired by a man as a member of a society.

empires. This field has such a wide area of study that there is no one engineer in the

Engineers need to make sure that skills and attitudes listed above are part of their work. For example, according to the report, costly researches on bridge condition are undertaken whenever necessary but sometimes their result are overlooked and never given their due consideration. Unfortunately, the report failed to show clearly attitudes engineers need to develop in order to make their work successful and avoid failures.

The definition of a culture has changed drastically over the history of people trying to define it. The common theme that resides in most definitions is the notion that a group of people whose knowledge and behaviors are learned and passed down from generation to generation. The question is what determines the development of these behaviors and beliefs of a particular culture. This is a question that has no clear cut answer, despite the extensive research that has been conducted in this field of study. (Defining Culture)

What is engineering? Engineering is the study of innovating and problem solving in order to create a better method. What type of work does engineers do? Engineering is a diverse field that can put you in a situation that requires you to know more knowledge and skills than you already have. Stretching all the way from problem solving to working together to create new ideas (2012 Project Lead the Way, Inc. IED Activity 1.5 Discover Engineering-Page1. https://pltw.instructure.com/courses/121874/assignments/581896. Engineers can change the world. They think of creative solutions and work with others, motivating people to invent, design, and create things that are useful and that matter.

Working in an industry such as engineering, failures are inevitable. “literature often refers to unexpected events as low probability, high impact situations. Yet, this does not necessarily mean that the event is purely unforeseeable or unknown” (the titanic sunk, so what?) There are always high risk management factors of anything in engineering. Furthermore, every time engineers put a new project into the world, they are risking much more than a failure of a project; they risk their reputation, their morals and actual people’s lives. Thus, proving that engineers must test their designs a numerous amount of times before announcing it to the world. The problem then becomes, not only a matter of a design failing, but also the ethical correlation that comes with the job. These ethics are put into question when other factors such as money and timing come to realization. Once a failure occurs, it is revolutionary to the engineering field. Nevertheless, failures will always occur and there is no way to completely prevent them. The only way to reduce the amount of failures that occur is learn from past failures and fix the problem for the future. The more engineers fail, the more they can learn from past mistakes.

Culture refers to any kind of morals, habits, norms, practices, beliefs, laws or customs acquired by man in a particular society. Culture is the set of knowledge, skills, traditions, customs, unique to a human group, to a civilization. It is transmitted socially from generation to generation and not by genetic inheritance, and largely determines individual behavior. (Arendt) Culture encompasses a very broad aspect of social life: techniques, manners, morals, lifestyle, system of values, beliefs, religious rituals, organization of the family and village communities, clothing, etc. Culture can simply be known as the way of life of certain people or area. Culture is a representation of a society with their thinking, norms, values and symbols. Culture is divided into two aspects; material culture and non-material culture.

A couple of design projects had heavy influence on how I viewed engineering. One of these occurred in my third quarter of physics. The other project occurred in my informatics class. For my physics project, I worked in a team to reaffirming a scientific principle that a ball swings back and forth on a cycloid curve at a consistent frequency. Over the course of the project, I would lose half the manpower I originally began with. When my lack of manpower is added to the difficulty of engineering a method to record data, I worked straight through nights. While the ordeal would cost me portions of my overall health, I developed an appeal to engineering. I learned of the tradeoff to using certain methods and used the limited amounts of math and science I had at the time to decide on approaches.

Culture can be described as the belief system of a society, in a sense the unique way of life for each distinct group. This can include beliefs, certain behaviors, and practices; everything excluding nature given traits. Culture plays a big role on how a society thinks, feels, and or behaves now a day we live in a culture where self-blame seems to be the easiest way out for each of us. And therefore, this brings me to a topic that can usually root a lot of self-blame, that is

Daft (2015) defined culture as the way the members of a group think and behave which is guided by their values, beliefs, and norms. Culture also distinguishes one group from another group even though the two groups share a common cause (Redman et al., 2015). For example, within the United States (U.S.) military the

Deresky (2011) defines international management as “the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling in a multinational or cross-cultural environment” (p. 458). Miroshnik (2002) suggests that although the economic and physical environments certainly are important issues in multinational business, the cultural environment has a special importance in multinational business. Therefore, it is essential for international managers to understand the notion of national culture, as it influences how managers and employees of a particular nation make decisions and interpret their roles. As a result, differences between national cultures not only can create important

When it comes down to being an engineer, many people think it is all about designing and inventing new technologies. In reality, an engineer must be able to do many things in order to be a good one. Some of these things are drawing and designing, being imaginative and creative, being logical, and exploring every possible outcome. But one of the most important things an engineer must be able to do is combine all of these skills whilst also keeping the cost to produce their invention as low as possible. This can prove to be very challenging as many factors must be taken into account. There are often also many conflicts between an engineer’s new inventions and total cost minimization. Some inventions may not even be possible to make solely because it would be so costly to create, and no profits would be made on the resulting technology. As engineers continue to make more technological innovations every day, total cost minimization is actually becoming increasingly more important as well. This is one of the most important things up and coming engineers must understand, as they must understand this concept inside and out for their future designs and possible innovations