Why Vitamin C Helps Prevent The Common Cold Or Not

I was the conductor and subject of this study, which took place over a two week time period. I had collected my baseline data for five days from November 9th to the 13th. Then, I collected my intervention data for seven days between November 15th and 21st. The basic procedure I used during the collection of both of these data was, I set up timers on my phone in eight intervals of two hours throughout the day from 7am to 11pm each day. The timers were set ten minutes into each interval. For my baseline data, if I remembered to drink water before the timer went off, I would record my result as “Didn’t go off” on my data sheet. If however the timer went off before I remembered to drink

A researcher has designed a study to test the effects of different types of individual psycho-therapy on people's levels of anxiety. She has randomly placed people into one of three groups: a behavioral treatment group, a psycho-dynamic treatment group, or a no-treatment control group. She then measures people's level of anxiety after the treatment.

The study consisted of fifty, female, undergraduate college students. The ethnicities that were use for this study were African American, European, Asian, Hispanic, biracial, and a very slight percentage was categorized as other. The experiment would begin at 5:00pm everyday, for four weeks. One of the three groups was administered each day. The three groups were either peppermint, expectation, or control. Each participant was seated down, given an instruction sheet, a laptop, and was not able to see the other participants from their view.

The subjects of the experimental study performed were 14 firefighters who were attendees at the Fire Academy. They were all volunteers and met the requirements to be subjects, including having no medical issues that could affect or be affected by the test and being in good physical health with no injuries. Each subject was cleared by physicians to be participants in the experiment and all agreed for information about the study to be released.

The group who took the pill were all the same patients of one doctor with the same problem: aspiring actors with a stutter. The other group given the placebo had a different doctor and they had a speech problem from childhood. It didn't seem like a random assignment. I would like to see what happens if the latter group with childhood speaking problems would have taken the drug. The researchers should have mixed both groups together to make random groups. Random assignment assures that each patient has an equal opportunity to be assigned to either experimental group. This is used in experiments to ensure that differences and similarities between people in the groups don't mess up the results of the experiment. In this study, random assignment was not used. Bias can also be a problem that effects the results. If the researchers already have a bias opinion on what will happen to a certain group when they take the medication then it could easily mess up all the results. Bias is an opinion the researcher or participant may have before the experiment is even conducted and with these preconceived thoughts, it could change the true results. It is a good idea to have a double-blind procedure which is where both the participant and researcher are blind to who is getting the treatment. This helps with any pre-expectations and can help researcher get more accurate results. The results of this

MULTIPLE CHOICE.  Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Could treating prisoners for Hepatitis C (HCV) reduce the spread of this disease? The growing number of citizens that are testing positive for HCV is shocking, and the epidemic is just getting worse. One out of every one hundred people in the general population has Hepatitis C, but the ratio is higher in prisons. One out of every three inmates has Hepatitis C (CDC 2013). Among that ratio 50%-90% are injection drug users (CDC 2015). Hepatitis C (HCV) is a blood disease that is caused by a virus that affects the liver. Unfortunately there is no vaccine to prevent this disease. HCV causes chronic liver disease more rapidly than HIV (CDC 2015). HCV just like HIV, is a blood disease that is spread through contact with an infected person’s blood, and there are many ways to contract this disease. Injection drug users, physical altercations, sexual contact, tattooing, sharing razors or toothbrushes and mother to infant infection are just some of the ways this disease can be spread. Individuals who are incarcerated are more likely to take part in these high-risk behaviors (Wegner et al, 2014). Part of the problem is that prison officials have not been educated enough about the seriousness of this disease; therefore they don’t feel the same way. To reduce the spread of this disease testing inmates is very important. Since prison is where HCV is spread most frequently, we need to enforce proven strategies while inmates are contained in one place in order to reduce the spread of this

h) Is the aspirin produced by a particular pharmaceutical company better than that of a competitor at relieving headaches? Which of the following would best be used to study this: 1) a case-controlled observation; 2) an observation; 3) a double-blind experimental procedure; and 4) and experimental

Before an investigational study on a new drug may take place, research subjects must submit informed consent and informed of all possible risks and benefits of the therapy. There are four types of phases associated with investigational studies that may occur. Beginning with the first phase, a Phase I study consist of few healthy participants who do not have the disease that the certain drug is said to treat. The purpose of this phase is to determine the optimal dosage range and the pharmacokinetics of the drug and if further testing of the drug is necessary. Vital signs, blood tests, urinary analysis, and other specific monitoring exams are performed. The next phase, Phase II, also involves a relatively small number of participants who this time have the disease that the drug is designed to treat. Participants are closely monitored to determine the effects and adverse

The following procedures and materials were thought up by my partner and me, which was done on a small scale due to lack of time to perform a full fledge experiment that involved a large sample size. Our project consisted of a sample size of ten people in which each subject was given a survey to complete and a consent form to sign stating what the experiment was about. We also expressed with the up most confidence that their scores and identities within this research will be kept confidential. We articulated to each subject to not drink any caffeine four hours prior to the experiment so that we would not have any type of bias. My partner and I obtained ten cups (regular coffee cups) on day 1 and filled each cup with 200ml of water, in which five out of the ten cups had the caffeine pill ( dissolve in water before giving to subject)

Second off, their hypotheses was to see if a program called progressive resistance exercise (PRE) can help ease the pain of this disease. For their hypothesis they decided to test it on women since this form of arthritis affects women more than men. They split the women into two separate groups. One group as the experimental group (EG) with 29 people and the other as the control group (CG) with 31 people. The hypothesis was to see if the experimental group would be able to be treated and tolerate the pain when participating the exercise

In addition, the exclusion of two participants from the statistical analysis was proper because one participant missed too many training sessions and the other missed consuming test beverages, which were noted to be above the predefined percentage thresholds for exclusion. Furthermore, the statistical analysis could have improved if larger sample sizes were used (i.e. instead of PRO group (n=20) and PLA group (n=19)) to make the study more reliable, as it would limit the number of random variations and be more representative of the population for statistical analysis. Finally, a 99% confidence should have been used to show that 99% certainty the evidence found is statistically significant, which is better than 95% confidence level when accepting the alternative hypothesis of the

With such a thorough conclusion comes a limitation or two which are that the group compared to the experimental group didn’t receive an intervention; also the outcomes had been based on the same sessions of observations.

1. Table 8.1 shows results of an eight-center clinical trial to compare a drug to placebo for curing an infection. At each center, subjects were randomly assigned to two groups.

It is now accepted worldwide that before a drug is brought into routine use its efficacy, safety, and the balance between two need to be formally demonstrated. The efficacy of new drugs nowadays is almost invariably established with a technique known as ‘randomized controlled trial’.