William Gudykunst's Anxiety / Uncertainty Management Theory Essay

2. Gestalt theory said, "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts" meaning that the mind processes information simutouniousley. The gestalt theory made psychologists learn more about the way we learn and think. The work the Gestalt psychologists did lead to the rise of cognitive psychology in America, which

The harmony of the existing cultures is crucial for the survival and success of any communication and ignoring these aspects may challenge the communication. For example, speaking to employees in Middle East is quite different from Switzerland; talking about personal things is acceptable by Swiss. Individuals who move to other countries unprepared for cultural differences may face unpleasant frustration when communicating. However, those who try to learn other cultures are likely to avoid individual tragedies. For example, Americans doing business in Mexico need to learn the local language to enhance interactions with the locals.

Complete success isolates a person from his fellows, but suffering makes kinsmen of us all. In a way, people who are exotic develop faster than those who share the same attitudes towards each other and the sense of belonging can either benefit or corrupt an individual in alienation. But, those who do not agree with the social norms have greater impacts in the world’s growth and development. Thus, people do not need to belong in order to be successful, fulfilled members of society because outsiders see things from a different and valuable perspective, learn to be more independent and progress farther than others.

There are only the different truths of different communities” (Blackburn, 2001). It helps a society in dealing with moral uncertainty, avoiding ethnocentrism, and promoting tolerance and diversity.

People from different backgrounds may use communication methods differently these may include the language they speak or the dialect they use. They may use different gestures, touch and mannerisms’. Also the volume, speed and pitch of a person’s voice would affect communication. Somebody who comes from a society that speaks quickly with a regional dialect would have difficulty being understood somewhere where they speak more slowly. In different culture gestures can mean different things. The gesture of holding two fingers up can either mean peace if the palm is facing out or if the palm is facing in can be offensive. An aggressive gesture of waving a closed fist in western countries means one is trying to pick a fight or is showing annoyance. In Asian countries this will definitely get you into fist fight.

Communication is all about sharing, what one person says isn’t always what the other person hears or interprets. Where people from the same backgrounds with similar experiences will see and hear things in a similar way, where as one person from a certain culture entertaining a visitor from another culture or country may say something which is totally misinterpreted from the visitor. This can be down to language barriers, slang/jargon etc, an example of this would be an English man saying in

• Cultural differences – when the same thing means different things in two cultures, communication can be difficult. For example, it is seen as polite and respectful to make eye contact when speaking to someone in Western culture but in other cultures, for example in East Asia, it can be seen as rude and defiant.

People could live in the same country but still have a language barrier, this could be because they may be from a different region. For example: Britain i.e. Bristol, Essex or Glasgow. People from a different region may use the same word but can have a different meaning known as “slang”. When talking to someone, we must use the correct intonation (gestures and body language) so that others know that we are friendly towards them and show that we’re listening.

conflict has so much been owed by so many to so few.” This axiom establishes that the Second

Cultures provide people several ways of thinking and opinions. When it comes communicating the potential for misunderstandings increase dramatically because translations between languages. Most cultures have their own constricted rules about what is proper communication which affect verbal and nonverbal communication. Sometimes by simply not looking at a person eye to eye has a significant impact on how a different cultural per son will receive it. There a several rules to communication which differ from culture to culture and can be sometime wrongly

People respond to courtesy and feel comfortable when they know they have your respect. This helps them to be open and willing to ask questions when they don't understand something. By making people feel comfortable, you help them to be better listeners. Avoid words that require a dictionary when communicating cross-culturally. Pepper your communication with words that everyone understands.

The USA is a very diverse nation with many different groups of people, and that being said it is a wonder our nation is able to coexist despite many cultures being integrated within our population. Several things that came to mind while researching this topic were; ,“What kind of social norms do other cultures have?”, “ How would I have turned out if I would have been born in that country with a different culture?”, and “ What do people from a different context think about the way I communicate?”. We oftentimes disregard a very crucial entity that is essential to any civilization, and that is the way the populous communicates with each other. Foreigners oftentimes struggle to adapt living in a new country because they have to overcome many endeavors, and have to deal with the initial culture shock. Aside from learning a new language they have to learn certain social cues that were not used in their native countries, and most of the time they will have to learn the social cues on their own. Even if you learn the language prior to your arrival you will still find it difficult to have a conversation with a local. There are two distinct ways to communicate, and it is oftentimes influenced by the culture an individual is born in. There are cultures that are considered to be high context, and their counterparts would be those who grew up in cultures considered to be low context. An individual’s upbringing greatly influences how well they would be able to adapt to communicating

For example (the axiom that survivors of an almost-fatal experience are understood to be happier than other people) might be an idea that some people might have a hard time believing that it is possible. someone who survived near fatal car crash, might of gotten angry at something like getting cut off before the near fatal experience but after the experience the same thing that that had caused them to get angry before the near fatal experience might annoy them, but wouldn’t necessarily make them mad. And because of this it wouldn’t be feasible to live in terms discussed in the

Life in general is consisting of metamorphic events. These changes are part of human history as well as his culture. In this paper I would tried to compare two different period of that history, commonly known as age of anxiety and contemporary humanity. These two periods are somehow interrelated, one Preceding the other. The age of anxiety was made up of many horrific events which determine later on how Nation are build and alliance are concluded in the world. This period was mark primarily by the biggest war recorded that the human kind have seem, War world I and world II. It was also a greet period of Invention of many technologies. Contemporary humanity can be considered as a post child of Anxiety era. That period has seen a

In this essay I will be looking at different approaches and theories used in psychology.