William Le Baron Jenney Research Paper

Burnham and his partner John Root were Chicago’s leading architects. Daniel Burnham had experience in designing buildings that had never been attempted. Despite the soil conditions, Burnham and Root built the very first skyscraper, The Montauk. Burnham had extraordinary managerial and organizational skills. Burnham and Root together were able to build their firm to be one of the best in Chicago. They continued to do many challenging projects such as the Rookery and the Monadnock. Daniel Burnham handled many difficult times before he made a positive name for himself. Burnham was also very good to all his employees, “He installed a gym. During lunch hour employees played handball. Burnham gave fencing lessons. Root played impromptu recitals on a rented piano,” (Larson 2003, 27). In 1885, a fire had destroyed the Grannis Block that was Burnham and Root’s flagship structure. In 1888, “a hotel they had designed in Kansas City collapsed during construction, injuring several men and killing one” (Larson 2003, 29). With all the verbal attacks on Burnham’s career over both of the incidences, he remained very calm, but he was still very heartbroken.

The Chicago School of Architecture was developed by William Le Baron Jenney between the years of 1879-1910. It is usually known as the term “Chicago School” for its skyscraper architecture (Chicago School of Architecture 2). Not only did Jenney help develop the school, but other American architects as well like William Holabird, Louis Sullivan, Martin Roche, and others as well. There were two schools made during this period The First Chicago School of Architecture and The Second Chicago School of Architecture. The second school centered around the European Modernism. Three factors that contributed to the Chicago School of Architecture where the rapid need to build buildings to serve the industrial society, the development of construction using steel, and the strong desire to create a modern style.

These impossible lengths of the building gives the reader insight on how powerful Burnham is with architecture. Burnham’s mind “pioneered the erection of tall structures” (13). that gives the visual image that Burnham made the first tall buildings of his generation, a huge accomplishment for an architect. Larson uses Burnham as the “leading architect”

Without a doubt, Frank Lloyd Wright was one of the greatest architects in American history and the greatest architect of the 20th century. Nature was his muse and his architectural structures embodied organic qualities. He took full advantage of the technological advances of the 20th century but redirecting the concept of space and employing new techniques; Wright was known for his modern and innovative designs. He believed that, “architecture was not just about buildings, it was about nourishing the lives of those sheltered within them”. Wright is not only one of the most well known architects in America but he is also thought of as one of the most influential architects in the world.

Frank Wright (1867-1959), is an American architect born on June 8th in Richland Center, Wisconsin (Biography.com n.d.). A modern design, he produced an organic and clear American style (Architectural Digest n.d.). Wright founded his own firm and developed the Prairie School- single-story homes with low, slanted roofs and extended rows on the windowpane, using the available materials from local business and clean and not painted wood (The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica 2017). The Robie House (Figure 1) located in Chicago and Unity Temple placed in Oak Park (Biography.com n.d.). Wright was known mainly in Europe but not in the United States. In 1913, Wright designed his home on his maternal ancestors land in Spring Green, Wisconsin (Architectural Digest n.d.). This home was named Taliesin, sadly it got burnt down twice and he still remodeled it again (The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica 2017). Wright wrote two books in 1932: “An Autobiography” and “The Disappearing City,” both are known as architectural literature (Biography.com n.d.). In addition, to publishing the two books, he

One of the first skyscrapers built in New York City was the World Building, which many people know as the Pulitzer Building. Joseph Pulitzer was the original owner of this building; he was publisher of the famous magazine the New York World. Pulitzer is a great example of how diverse this city is, because he was the owner of the World Building

Hello Chicago, welcome to Ruffhouse News at Nine. I’m Jake Christopher Ruff reporting live from Block 37 in downtown Chicago. Today we start with a look back to the past of Chicago. Located at the corner of LaSalle and Adams stood a truly special building. The home insurance building. Though it looked like nothing special from the outside, it was what was on the inside that counted. The building was the first to successfully use a steel skeleton. The skeleton was invented by a physicist named William LeBaron Jenney. Born in 1832 Massachusetts, Jenney was fascinated in physics from a young age. Wanting to pursue his interests he studied at Harvard. When given the opportunity to study abroad three years later he moved to Paris. There

By 1948, Chicago was well recognized as an architecturally rich city, in particular due to all the important skyscraper buildings that the city hosted. Mies’ first skyscraper design to be built came in 1949 when he designed The Promontory Apartments. Mies’ first approach at high-rise buildings was a clear foreshadow for the Lakeshore Drive Apartments. “Notably, it was the first tall building to exhibit its construction materials.” The Lakeshore Drive Apartments, “renowned for their structural clarity and composition,” used common materials

The U.S. Capitol building also symbolizes tenacity and hard work, with it’s many trials through the construction process. These trials began immediately in the building process, as two of the three original architects were dismissed “because of inappropriate design changes they tried to impose;”, according to Architects of the Capitol. Construction continued under James Hoban, who saw through the first phase of construction. The work itself was challenging, as the building had inadequate funding, and the materials used often required long travel to reach the build site. In 1803, Congress allocated more funds to build, and Benjamin Latrobe was hired as lead architect, who, according to Architects of the Capitol, was “The first professional architect and engineer to work in America,”. Latrobe saw through construction of the U.S. Capitol Building, as well as renovation of Dr. Thorton’s design. Latrobe did this until 1813, when lack of funding and work forced him to leave.

Some of the important clients that participated in the Preparation and construction of the “Freedom Tower” include multiple Engineering firms, architects, construction mangers, and numerous Cad Technicians for modeling. All major clients are portrayed in Figure 2- Table of Major Clients.

Frank Lloyd Wright was born in the year 1867, in Richland Center, Wisconsin. Both an architect and writer, he is considered a genius of the American architecture (Kaufmann 1). Wright went to the University of Wisconsin at Madison for a few terms where he took engineering courses (Kaufmann 3). He finally left Madison after a few years and found work with J.L. Silsbee, in architectural detailing. After a few years he opened his own architectural practice. One of his styles that became the residential design of the 20th century in the United States was the Prairie Style. The Prairie architecture was known for its revolutionary approach to the building of modern homes. Wright built about 50 prairie houses in ten years. Two of his major works that stand out is the Guggenheim Museum located in New York and the Marin County government Centre located near San Francisco.

Everyone knows that in order to build something you will have to think about it first, Just putting sticks together won’t work well for creating a building or a skyscraper because the building will eventually collapse. Every building has its own unique design that makes it spectacular in its own way. Richard Meier was an American Architect he was born in Newark, New Jersey in 1934.He attended Columbia High school, and he earned a Bachelor of Architecture degree from Cornell University in 1957.He was identified as one of the New York Five which is a group of modernist architects which included Meier, Peter Eisenman, Michael Graves, Charles Gwathmey, and John Hejuk. Meier was noted for his refinements of various on classic Modern-ists principles

The Fuller “Flatiron” building was designed by Chicago’s prominent architecture firm Daniel H. Burnham and Company ¬– lead by Daniel H. Burnham. Located in the 22nd and 23rd street of Broadway, Fifth Avenue, New York, the building was originally built to serve as offices for a major Chicago contracting firm, the George A. Fuller Company, hence its initial name. As the building finished construction in 1902, the detailed beaux-arts style skyscraper is immortalised through its unique relationship to its urban context then and now, and memorable photography by Edward Steichen and Alfred Stieglitz – making the Fuller “Flatiron” building a famous landmark in the intersecting streets of New York City to this very day.

The prominent and imaginative Wisconsin born American architect, interior designer and author, Frank Lloyd Wright hit his architectural milestone in the mid-1930s when he designed his world-renowned master piece in Bear Run, Western Pennsylvania, “Fallingwater” also referred to as Kaufmann Residence. Owing to his unique perspective in architecture which he refers to as “organic”, the structure looks as though it sprung naturally amidst Bear Run's trees and water. Frank Lloyd Wright’s complete body of work was so broad that till date he still remains highly recognized as the greatest architect of all time. His career which lasted for approximately seventy two years was apostrophized with global fame, artistic conquests as

One of his buildings that really captured my attention is the aforementioned Bank of China Tower in Hong Kong. The structural expressionism adopted in the design of this building is supposed to resemble growing bamboo shoots, symbolising livelihood and prosperity. The whole structure is supported by the five steel columns at the corners of the building, with the triangular frameworks transferring the weight of the building onto these five columns. It is covered with glass curtain walls, and it’s unique appearance means that it remains one of Hong Kong’s most distinguishable buildings. However, like the Louvre it has caused quite a large amount of controversy, as it is the only major building in Hong Kong that bypassed the