Windows Open Source Software Library

During the identification phase, the user puts the finger on the same sensor, generating a new fingerprint image or template called query print. Minutiae points are carried out from the query print, and the matcher module compares the set of query minutia with the stored minutia templates or image in the enrollment database to find the number of similar minutia points. Because of variations present in finger placement and pressure applied to the sensor, the minutia points take out from the template and query fingerprints must be lined up, or submitted before matching. After line up the fingerprints, the matcher decides the number of pairs of matching minutiae-two minutiae points that have similar location and directions. The system decides the user's identity by comparing the match score to a

Biometrics is the process of collecting, processing and storing a person’s physical characteristic to be utilized for identification authentication. By utilizing this technology, the government can register each person, link information to each of our unique identifiers from multiple sources, and use the resulting repot to continually assess the amount of risk each person poses to the state. Biometrics is becoming more popular as it allows positive identification by characteristics such as retinal scans, fingerprints, voice recognition, digital photographs, and other means. The United States Indicator Technology (US-VISIT) program, began in 2004, is registering most visitors to the United States by photograph and digital finger scans; the results are stored in a central database as well as in a computer chip in each visitor’s visa. This could result in a worldwide identification system for

When a live finger is placed on the scanner at the time of authentication, the decryption process needs to be initialized. With a slit of micorseconds the fingerprint image is analyzed . The RSA key generation algorithm is performed on the fingerprint image captured and the current private key generated is crossed checked with the encrypted fingerprint images existing(Fingerprint template) if their private key matches. If the current private key generate matches witht the private key of any of the fingerprint templates, that template is decrypted by the RSA decryption algorithm witht the help of the private key. After which the M3gle fingerprint matching algorithm is used to perform further authentication of the user [8]. Below is the RSA algorithm code used for the decryption:

In addition, these ridge patterns or also known as the fingerprints produce essential function to our body where these fingerprints allow human beings to have better grip in our daily lives(Champod et al, 2016. pg.1). Consequently, the fingerprint’s unique characteristics have also provided significant functionality to the police agencies in terms of the identifications and individualization. According to the Hawthorme and (Textbook), forensic scientists have established three fundamental principals to fingerprinting throughout the long period of studies which include every finer contains ridge detail which is unique to that finger and no other(no two fingerprints are identical), a fingerprint remains unchanged throughout life, there are general ridge patterns on the fingerprints that can be systematically classified and therefore can be filled and searched(Textbook). These unique aspects or principals of the fingerprints are allowing the police agencies to conduct the criminal investigations and individualizations more efficiently. Even though our recent development in the technology and scientific knowledges have enhanced the usability of the fingerprints in the criminal investigation, the concept of the fingerprint as a individualization is not a newly developed

The automated Fingerprint Identification System is also known as the AFIS within the law enforcement division (FBI, 2010). This system is an important element in the criminal justice system as some of its features encompass the storing of data, encoding, and fingerprint and facial comparison through graphics and other techniques. Law officials many centuries ago in the pursuit of positively identifying someone suspected of guilt have long used fingerprints techniques. Fingerprinting is also used in branches of our government, and in the Pentagon, the authentication method of fingerprints is used permit access to specified zones inside the building. Fingerprints are an effective and very precise method of identification purposes that does not pose

Today, the dominant framework used by fingerprint experts is the ACE-V, short for analysis, comparison, evaluation, and verification . Although the ACE-V frame was developed and fingerprint identification has been exercised for years, the validity of finger printing as a tool of identification remains questionable. To understand this lack of certainty, we can delve into two clear opposing opinions regarding fingerprint identification. Many in the academic

In John Elliott's article, Biometrics and airport security, the argument for Biometric Identification (BI) is made. Mr. Elliott starts off with a brief overview of the system and its limitations. He insists that BI should not be used for passenger identification, but instead for identification of personnel of the airline/airport as well as a means to better protect secured areas. He also addresses the argument that an error in the system may relinquish privileges to the incorrect individual, and assures the reader that there is preventative component in the system that will prevent this

Fingerprints are friction ridge impressions of the finger that when analyzed, are used to identify an individual. However, no two fingerprints are the same. On the surface of one 's skin, there are pores that produce sweat out of the small sweat glands called eccrine. This watery compound leaves a residue on a surface which forms the basis of a latent print. When a fingerprint is found, previous methods of comparison relied on the visual match from the evidence collected and the suspect. However with the use of technology, IAFIS, Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System was developed. This system allows for the storage of millions of prints that can be compared to the national database of over 40 million offenders (O 'Donovan, 2014).

Fingerprinting is one of the oldest forms of forensic science evidence that was discovered (James, Nordby, & Bell, 2014). The great science of fingerprints is that they are unique to each individual person and no one has the same print, not even twins. With the science of fingerprinting, the ability came to record them in a way that a record could be kept and assist in the crime scene process.

Every day, individuals touch countless objects and each time an object is touched an individual’s fingerprints are left behind. For more than one hundred years, fingerprint analysis has been used by law enforcement to identify suspects in order to solve crimes. One of the most important uses of fingerprint analysis is to assist investigators when they need to link two crime scenes to the same individual. Fingerprint analysis also assist investigators with obtaining an individual’s criminal record and any previous arrest they have had.

The requirements for the adoption of the fingerprint biometrics technology will require software to be installed to interface with the electronic health records and financial system along with several biometric fingerprint scanners and readers. The IT Department will be required to test the biometric technology effectiveness. Once, approved by the IT department and Security Officer, there will be required staff training on the new technology. Then patients will be informed of the new technology and the Long-Care Faculty’s new procedures. As required, there will be an enrollment period where nurses will begin scanning each patient index fingerprint into the system; once the enrollment period is complete, the usage of the biometric technology can go live with each patient being able to scan their fingerprint to allow their providers access to their medical record data (Chandra, Durand & Weaver,2008)

Several hospitals and blood banks are incorporating the use of biometric fingerprinting to register or check in patients. This type of authentication is unique to each individual and helps minimize fraud (Moore, 2013). The further use of biometric fingerprinting will soon do away with user names and passwords.

However, Prabhakar (Undated) Among all the biometric techniques, fingerprint-based identification is the oldest method which has been successfully used in numerous applications. Everyone is known to have unique, immutable fingerprints. A fingerprint is made of a series of ridges and furrows on the surface of the finger. The uniqueness of a fingerprint can be determined by the pattern of ridges and furrows as well as the minutiae points. Minutiae points are local ridge characteristics that occur at either a ridge bifurcation or a ridge ending.

The usage of human fingerprints for identification has a long history, tracing back to the Chinese usage of fingerprints 200 BCE (International Association for Identification, et al., 1). The Qin Dynasty had records of handprint identification being used as evidence for investigations about burglary. It is not clear to what degree these methods were effective or accurate but this is the oldest known example of the usage of handprints for identification purposes. From this point, there are some sporadic instances of fingerprint usage. However, fingerprinting began to be seriously evaluated in the 19th century (ibid).

Pattern-matching method verifies the identity of the patterns by directly comparing the objective fingerprint images with the registered image.[ 1]