Winston Churchill As A Prime Minister Of England

“Bipolar disorder, also commonly known as manic depression, is defined as a serious mental illness in which common emotions become intensely and often unpredictably magnified. Individuals with bipolar disorder can quickly alternate from extremes of happiness, energy and clarity to sadness, fatigue and confusion. All people with bipolar disorder have manic episodes abnormally elevated or irritable moods that last at least a week and impair functioning. But not all become depressed ” (American Psychological Association, 2015). Bipolar disorder can vary in each individual. The symptoms fluctuate in pattern, severity and rate of recurrence. Some people are more susceptible to either mania or depression, while others change proportionately between the two types of episodes. Some have frequent mood disruptions, while others live through a few throughout their lifetime.

People with bipolar I disorder have full manic and major depressive episodes. Most of them experience an alternation of the episodes; for example, weeks of mania may be followed by a period of wellness, followed, in turn, by an episode of depression. Some, however, have mixed episodes, in which they display both manic and depressive symptoms within the same episode—for example, having racing thoughts amidst feelings of extreme sadness. In bipolar II disorder, hypomanic—that is, mildy manic—episodes alternate with major depressive episodes over the course of time. When a person experiences numerous periods of hypomanic symptoms and mild depressive symptoms, but not full-blown episodes, DSM-5 assigns a diagnosis of cyclothymic disorder. The symptoms of this milder form of bipolar disorder continue for two or more years, interrupted occasionally by normal moods that may last for only days or weeks.

Bipolar disorder is characterised by episodes of mania or hypomania (overactivity, insomnia, inability to concentrate, irritability, excitement, euphoria and delusions) and depression

The two major types of Bipolar Disorder (BPD) set out in this paper are Bipolar 1 and 2. Bipolar 1 is diagnosed as guide lined by the DSM5. As the occurrence of a least one maniac episode preceding or post an episode of hypomania and/or Major depression. The DSM 5 highlights that Bipolar 2 is diagnosed by one major depressive episode in occurrence with one hypomanic episode with an absence of Mania. (Association:, 2013) Mania as defined by DSM5: “A distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and abnormally and persistently increased goal-directed activity or energy, lasting at least 1 week and present most of the day, nearly every day.” Hypomania being: “A distinct period of abnormally and

According to the American Psychiatric Association, written in DSM-V, bipolar disorder is define as a patient who experiences one hypomanic episode and one major depressive episode. Some things that make these episodes stand out is that they are present for extended periods of time. Hypomanic Episodes are moments of when you feel elevated, hyper, full of energy for at least four days consecutively. Moments that classify as major depressive episodes are experiencing at least five symptoms of depression for a duration of at least two weeks. One of those five symptoms must be “depressed mood or loss of interest.” (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). For when you

Bipolar Disorder or manic-depressive disorder is a disorder characterized by highs, manias, and lows, depressions, and can therefore be easily distinguished from unipolar depression, a major depressive disorder in DSM-5, by the presence of manic or hypomanic episodes (Miklowitz & Gitlin, 2014). Bipolar disorder is generally an episodic, lifelong illness with a variable course (American Psychiatric Association, 2010). There are two classifications of bipolar disorder; bipolar I disorder and bipolar II disorder. If the episodes are primarily manic but there has been at least one depressive episode, the diagnosis is bipolar I disorder (Early, 2009). If the episodes are primarily depressed but there has been at least one episode of hypomania, increased mood that is more euphoric than normal but not quite manic, the diagnosis is bipolar II disorder (Early, 2009).

Bipolar II disorder is a relatively common mental illness that affects upwards of 6 million United States citizens. This disease is very complex and often difficult to diagnose. What makes this illness clinically unique is that it is characterized by extreme mood swings that alternate between extreme highs and extreme lows. Bipolar II differs from bipolar I disorder, as that the high moods of bipolar II are milder than bipolar I, which means that bipolar II patients spend more time in the low depressive states of their cycling mood. Bipolar II is often much more difficult to diagnose than bipolar I (Parker 18), which is why it is the subject of this literature review. The criteria used to diagnose bipolar II and the interpretation of these criteria is subject of continuous scholarly debate. Researchers suggest that the difficulty in diagnosing bipolar II disorder stem from an inconsistency in diagnostic criteria, an underrepresentation of hypomanic symptoms and most notably, confusion between other psychiatric disorders.

Typically, a person experiences a spectrum of emotions both negative and positive, but they stay within a normal range. Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder that describes when a person has “extreme mood swings… which typically shift between the heights of elation to the depths of depression.” (Nevid, Rathus, and Greene, 2013) Generally, a person suffering from Bipolar disorder will experience spurts of elation, or happiness, this is usually called the “manic period.” On the other hand, the person will also incur periods of depression, sometimes as severe as committing suicide. Bipolar disorder is categorized in two groups: Bipolar I and Bipolar II. The difference is whether or not the person manic episodes. For Bipolar II, a person must have a hypomanic episode which is a manic episode that is less intense and lasts for a shorter period of time. The bipolar spectrum consists of four main forms: bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, cyclothymic disorder, and bipolar disorder that cannot be classified. Bipolar I disorder requires a person to have at least one manic episode lasting seven days or more as well as depressive episodes that outnumber the manic episodes three to one. Bipolar II disorder is often misdiagnosed as unipolar depression because the person experiences hypomanic episodes that are less severe and shorter than regular manic episodes. The depressive episodes outnumber the hypomanic forty to one. Cyclothymic disorder

Bipolar Disorder, or BD, is defined by Whitbourne and Halgin (2013) as a disorder wherein individuals experience “intense and very disruptive” euphoric moods, and sometimes episodes of major depression (p. 179). Individuals with Bipolar are often highly creative and intelligent, but lack self esteem and often exhibit behavioral problems and problems in their personal relationships (Benti, Manicavasagar, Proudfoot, and Parker, 2013). In addition, those with Bipolar can often experience high levels of irritability, anxiety, and sleep disturbances, even when not in the throws of a depressive or manic episode (Benti et al., 2013). In order to be diagnosed with BD, at least three of the following manic criteria must be present for at least a week: “inflated self-esteem or grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, more talkative than normal, racing thoughts, distractibility, increase in goal-oriented activity or psychomotor agitation, or excessive involvement in high-risk behaviors or endeavors” (Whitbourne & Halgin, 2013, p. 179).

A great wartime leader is someone who is able to inspire their nation while also leading a successful military campaign. Few great wartime leaders have had the same impact on European History as Winston Churchill. Churchill was born in Oxfordshire, England in 1874 (Thompson). He would rise to the height of his fame during WWII where he led his country through one of the darkest periods in it’s history. Although Winston Churchill was a well known warmonger, he was the greatest wartime leader in European history due to his career path, ability to motivate people and his overall military skill.

The amazing sir Winston Churchill was born November 30, 1874 in Oxfordshire, England. He grew up as an early child until the age of 6 when his little brother was born, but they did not have a good relationship with their age gap at fault. Winston was born to Lord Randolph Churchill and Lady Churchill, who never really gave him attention. Winston was a stuttering child who did not do so good in school, where his high spirit and stubbornness annoyed everyone. At the age of 12, Winston entered a high-ranking school but at the lowest class as the lowest. However, Winston developed an interest in the language of English. Though he had an interest in english, he was still not so bright, and Lord Randolph chose his career for him, to be in the military.

Winston Churchill was born on November 30, 1874, in Dublin, Ireland. His father, Lord Randolph Churchill, was a British statesman. His own father, John Spencer-Churchill, was the 7th Duke of Marlborough. Churchill’s mother, Jeanette Jerome, was a New York socialite. A socialite is somehow who is well known and thought of among the upper class for attending large social gatherings such as parties or fund-raising events on a regular basis.

A more detailed definition and reliable criteria for bipolar disorder can be drawn from The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM–5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013), which is widely used and accepted by psychologists, researchers and clinicians for diagnosis and classification of various mental disorders. DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) claims that in order to meet the criteria for any diagnosis particular symptoms have to be present for a specified period of time. In case of bipolar disorder, the diagnoses include bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, cyclothymic disorder, and substance/medication-induced bipolar and related