Wireless Network Method Using Smart Grid Communications

SCADA is one of the oldest methods to control data across a network. Unlike many other software’s used in the industry, SCADA can be used in any field, be it in electrical power control, mechanical machinery, civil projects, data managements etc. This versatility means more than one type of system, for example both electrical and mechanical systems can be controlled by one software from the same place at the same time.

The smart distribution transformer and its controllers were evaluated through simulations using PLECS simulation platform. The system specifications used to design the simulation model are given in Table 3.

Accordingly, this document has been developed to provide information regarding DTL Power and the measures that have been developed and implemented to safeguard its information and information systems from a cyber threat. This document is broken down into several sections that will provide an analysis of DTL Power and the energy sector; as well as the effectiveness of cybersecurity technology/policies in the energy sector, the team’s cyber strategy, and budget.

Undoubtedly, this paper will generate network information, diagrams, and/or tables; accordingly, these are all included in the Appendix section of the paper. Moreover, the training, vulnerability assessment, and SAQ results are also included as an Appendix in the final paper. Finally, fearing disclosure of proprietary information that could compromise network security, all project data are scrubbed and sanitized to remove sensitive information.

The electrical power grid is a network of electrical transmission lines connecting a multiplicity of generating stations to loads over a wide area. The power sent across the network of power lines are used to power everything from homes to automobiles. This is a very challenging process. The most challenging aspect of the operation is that electricity must be generated at the same moment as it used due to the current inability to store it effectively.

Within the realm of open source information, a trove of resources are readily available delineating locations of individual power plants, major electrical lines, and sub stations serving the United States and Illinois. Most apparent is not necessarily the ease of access to information, but how piecing together the varied, disparate data can be used to create a picture that show location, connectivity, and potential vulnerabilities to national and state-level power grid.

The explosion of these new technologies, especially an Internet-like communications network, may introduce some new threats to the security of the smart grid. In the smart grid network there are three crucial aspects of security that may be threatened due to the CIA-triad. The CIA-triad comprises on three basic principles of security issues: Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability [8]. These principles are illustrated in a triangle secure system in Figure 2. The three aspects of the CIA-triad are defined as follows.

The DOE was established to organize disjointed regulatory processes and create a national energy plan (Kuder et al., 2010). One of the main functions of the DOE is to monitor and report on the security of the smart grid. The primary objective of the reports are to provide data that may be

The United States electrical grid is essentially divided into three electric networks covering Texas, the West and the East. All these networks comprise many thousands of miles of lines of transmission, substations and power plants, a hundred year old combination of domestic utilities (Broick, 2013). Recently the system has been modernized and thus has been experiencing cyber- attack threat. The increasing dependence on the communications based on the internet has raised the vulnerability of the operation and control systems to hackers and spies. National security of the U.S. reported that the Cyber spies have made a way into the electrical grid of the nation and left behind software programs that would be applied to disrupt the system and maybe shut down areas of the network for a considerably long period of time (Broick, 2013). A coordinated cyber-attack could thus compromise security, blackout commerce and destroy the power grid of the United

The defense in depth concept is constructed to rapidly characterize, attribute, and respond to attacks and is given the name Defense of The Grid System or DTGS. The DTGS provides the capability to monitor, detect, analyze, and respond to unauthorized activity, as well as unintentional, non-malicious user errors within the iSOC, Tops, and Gen, components of the DTGS. For the DTGS system and its monitored component systems, must detect attacks and respond quickly (e.g. limiting access, excising users, or even disconnecting from the network.) The DTGS Interface Control Document (ICD) addresses five operational capabilities: DTGS defense from cyber-attack, maintaining service while under attack, recovering from cyber-attack and reduce vulnerabilities, monitoring Information Assistance (IA) of the DTGS.

This report covers the real-time system design and the different components of the SCADA Energy Management System. Specifically, this report will focus on the General Electric XA/21 SCADA system and how it all fits together and how it provides a solution to end-users and administrators. The XA/21 is a very scalable and customizable system and that will be described at great length in this report (General Electric, 2013).

According to the case study written by Jurek, Bras, Guldberg, D’Arcy, Oh, and Biller, energy costs were steadily rising and were predicted to continue this trend going into the future. At the same time, utility companies were beginning to implement Smart Grid technologies to increase the efficiency of energy distribution. One resulting program to emerge from

The use of IoT has already impacted the way cities operate. The term smart cities, is used to describe a city that possesses an IoT oriented infrastructure. “In a smart city, the digital technologies translate into better public services for inhabitants and better use of resources while reducing environmental impacts”. [3] For a smart city to be feasible, IoT must provide intelligence, interconnection, and instrumentation. Wi-Fi-enabled smart devices and low-cost sensors are components of the smart city and allow devices a way to communicate with the public via the internet. These devices collect real-time data, which not only improves the lives of residents, but transforms several sectors of public service as well. Transportation has been revolutionized by smart traffic management systems which gather data from an array of magnetic road sensors and hundreds of cameras. The result is less delay at major stop lights and increased travel speeds, because enabled drivers can see which lights are busy and monitor these areas for other vehicles and pedestrians. To lower traffic and driver search times for parking spots, parking sensors that detect parking-spaces for drivers are installed in major cities. Street lights use a method of energy saving known as adaptive lighting which enables them to determine their brightness setting, appropriate for a given situation. The smart city solution to conserving energy is through smart girds. A smart grid serves several energy management

Large-scale smart grid initiatives require fast and accurate monitoring of power system network. Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) is one of the major components which are increasingly deployed in the power system network to provide the necessary infrastructure to cater smart grid requirements. PMUs provide time synchronized measurement of voltage and current phasors (Phadke and Thorp 2008) from different nodes of the power system network, which is used for monitoring and control. NASPI (March 2015) and NERC (September 2016) suggest use of phasor data from the PMUs to perform verification of dynamic models as well as validating parameters of power plant models. A parameter identification toolbox for power system models developed using the

Improve the efficiency of power supply have become crucial to satisfying the demands of people increasing day by day in the life and the development of social production. The world has accelerated the development of smart grid technology and effectively promote the smart power grid. The Smart grid has become the new trend of the future power grid development [1]. The construction of smart grid is based on economic development, to meet the needs of people, and it is the inevitable result of advanced science and technology development to a certain degree. State Grid Corporation proposed to speed up the construction of high voltage network power grid as the backbone network, with informatization, automation, interactive of characteristics of the coordinated development of power at all levels of the strong and smart grid, and strive to achieve the power grid from the traditional power grid to a high effective, economical, clean and interaction of modern power grid upgrades and cross, actively promoting clean energy development, focusing on from generation, transmission, substation, power distribution, power, scheduling, communication information, seven aspects such as to study the key technology of Intelligent power grid [3]. A Smart grid includes STG (Smart Transmission Grid) and SDG (Smart Distribution Grid). A lot of literature introduced smart grid basic concepts and techniques, but per the literature of SDG is relatively small. Smart Distribution Grid