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Wireless Networks Can Be Broadly Classified Into Three Categories

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Wireless Networks can be broadly classified into three categories: Infrastructure based networks, Wireless LANs and Ad Hoc Networks. Infrastructure based networks are traditional cellular systems which require base station infrastructure. Wireless LANs are very flexible within the reception area. It requires low bandwidth when compared to wired networks. Ad Hoc networks are useful when the infrastructure is not available, impractical or expensive to build.

In Cellular Wireless, spaces are divided into cells. Each cell consists of base stations which is responsible to communicate with the hosts in its cell. Hosts moves from one cell to cell to another and hand off occurs, the new base station takes care of the communication. In Multi-hop wireless, mobility causes a change of route. Hence it need to traverse multiple links to reach destination. Ad hoc network is a self- organizing multi hop wireless network, which relies neither on infrastructure nor on the predetermined connectivity.

Rapid deployment of mobile users will be the need for the next generation wireless communication systems. A mobile ad-hoc network is a collection of mobile users that communicate over constrained wireless links with lower bandwidth. Network scenarios which include establishing dynamic communication for emergency/rescue operations, survivable, efficient, disaster relief efforts and military networks cannot rely on organized and centralized connectivity. Networks are known as ad hoc because

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