Wireless Sensor Networks : Data Quality For Better Selection Process

Network nodes can have logical or actual communication with all devices,this communication mostly defines the type of network topology, depending on the application. Sensors are able to be pair with all the topologies types but, in some cases, the sensors may not be appropriate for all the networks. Most logical network topology tends to be defined depending on their logical roles. Centralized configuration techniques are always appropriate for networks whereby the processing power capacity specifically depends on a specific but unique device. The device is responsible for coordination, processing, and management of any information activities that is sensed within the environment. From here, it forwards the grasped information to a sink node. This, therefore, means that the sensors are quite reliable in grasping information (Karl, Holger, and Willig 2005, 105). The advantage of this network arrangement is the centralized configuration allows more energy management and roaming is usually allowed inside the network to facilitate

There are different levels for different level application in structure and scale which are important for developing the sensor network. Location sensor nodes play an important role in the real-world application such as environment monitoring and tracking and geographical routing. Location verification Algorithms are separated into two classes, one is known as op-spot verification and other is

In the past few years, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) technology has been successfully applied in military, environment, medical, home,

With the furtherance of computer networks extending boundaries and joining distant locations, wireless sensor networks (WSN) emerged as the new frontier in developing opportunities in order to collect and process data from remote locations. A wireless sensor network is a collection of nodes organized in a cooperative manner. Multiple sensor nodes arranged in proximity to sense an event and subsequently transmit sensed and collected information to a remote processing unit or base station. The nodes are able to communicate wirelessly and often self-organize after being deployed in an ad hoc fashion. More than 1000s or even 10,000 nodes are expected. Currently, wireless sensor

A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of distributed sensors to monitor environmental conditions such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion or detect dimensions, to pass their data through the network to a base station for processing. Advantages of WSN over a wired system considered in elimination of wiring cost, sensors can be installed in harsh environments. Each sensor node is a combination of Radio transceiver with an internal antenna or connection to an external antenna micro-controller, electronic circuit for interfacing with the sensors, energy source, usually a battery or an embedded form of energy harvesting. Drawback of using sensors is having limited power to consume, a memory that is

Sensor network protocols have a unique capability self-organizing. Another interesting feature of wireless sensor networks is that the sensor nodes cooperate with each other. Sensor nodes have an in-built processor, using which before transmission raw data is processed. These features facilitate wide range of applications of wireless sensor networks like biomedical, environmental, military, event detection and vehicular telematics.

Wireless sensor networks are often referred to as self-adaptable or self-organizing and self-mending or self-healing networks. The self-organizing property of the network facilitates for a node to join the network without any intervention automatically. The nodes in a network can reconstruct their link organizations and can form an alternative paths whenever a node in that link fails or gets damaged. The implementation of these two properties are very precise to the network topology and the network characteristics like scalability, cost, performance and various other issues are decided by the implementation capability of the properties. The sensor nodes in the wireless sensor networks does not require any engineering and are easily deployable. The sensor nodes often with multi hop connections are responsible for

Due to limited and non-rechargeable energy provision, the energy resource of sensor networks should be managed wisely to extend the lifetime of sensors. Sensor networks have recently emerged as a platform for several important surveillance and control applications .Each sensor has an onboard radio that can be used to send the collected data to interested parties. One of the advantages of wireless sensors networks (WSNs) is their ability to operate unattended in harsh environments in which contemporary human-in-the-loop monitoring schemes are risky, inefficient and sometimes infeasible. Therefore, sensors are expected to be deployed randomly in the area of interest by a relatively uncontrolled means, e.g. dropped by a helicopter, and to collectively form a network in an ad-hoc manner. In order to achieve high energy efficiency and increase the network scalability, sensor nodes can be organized into clusters. Data collected from sensors are sent to the cluster head first, and then forwarded to the base station. Network lifetime can be defined as the time elapsed until the first node (or the last node) in the network depletes its energy (dies).

There are generally 2 types of architectures in WSNs. (i) Hierarchical and (ii) Distributed. In a Hierarchical WSN, A base station is a gateway to another network with some other base station to a data processing and storage center, or a human interface node point. Base point takes data from sensors send it to processing unit and that data is sent to the human interface node point. Therefore, base stations are used as key distribution centers as they are connected every other node in network. Sensor nodes form a dense network in form of clusters where a cluster of sensors lying in a specific area may provide similar or close readings of data. Not all node gets the power from power unit few sensor nodes depend on the ad hoc communication to reach base stations.

A Wireless Sensor Network usually is formed by numerous wireless sensor devices. Routing is an important mechanism which will help the data to get forwarded to the right destination. Internet Protocol is an important protocol which helps in routing process. Generally the nodes in a Wireless Sensor Network are integrated and routing using IP version 4 is difficult as the address space is limited. IP version 4 uses 32 bit addressing mechanism which is not sufficient to complete the routing process. The other option is the use of Internet Protocol version 6.

Wireless Sensor and Actor Networks (WSAN) have attracted a lot of interest in recent years. Their potential applications include search-and-rescue, forest fire detection and containment, battlefield reconnaissance, under-water surveillance, etc. In WSAN, sensors which are small, densely-populated, and power-constrained devices probe their surroundings and send the collected data to more capable nodes (actors) for processing and putting forward an appropriate response [1]. For example, sensors can detect rising heat in some spots in a forest and inform mobile robots (actors) that correlate the reports from various sensors and conclude the eruption

Lateration:When ranges between anchor nodes and the mobile node can be determined, lateration is used to estimate position [35]. For two-dimensional localization, three range measurements from known positions (anchor nodes) are required. Radius of a circle of each category as anchor nodes as represented in is the ideal position. At one point the three circles intersect, and that the intersection is the location of the

The wireless sensor network is applicable in numerous life saving critical field because of low cost long battery life sensors. A sensor network comprises of sensors and routers to choose the administrator host that is called the coordinator [2]. A wireless sensor network is easy to use in the desired environment [6], and the information can be collected then processed and sent to a desired location. Recent break trough in wireless communication and micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) [3-5] provides large scale, low power, multi-functional, and low cost network

Wireless Integrated Network Sensors (WINS) combine sensing, signal processing, decision capability, and wireless networking capability in a compact, low power system. Compact geometry and low cost allows WINS to be embedded and distributed at a small fraction of the cost of conventional wire line sensor and actuator systems. On a local, wide-area scale, battlefield situational awareness will provide personnel health monitoring and enhance security and efficiency. Also,

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are presented their abilities in many vital applications such as wildlife tracking, checking heart rates of human, military applications, traffic monitoring, etc, [1]. Wireless sensors have limited resources, including limited storage, limited processing facility, and communication capability. In addition, each sensor node is powered by a battery, which has a finite size and cannot be recharged or replaced due to environmental conditions [2-5]. Actually, Sensor nodes depend on their finite resources to survive. Due to these reasons, it is important to enhance the energy efficiency of nodes to improve the quality of the application service REF. The first problem of WSNs is to minimize energy consumption in