1. INTRODUCTION Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) consists of large number of sensor nodes distributed across a geographical area in highly dense manner. These nodes are of low cost and use less energy to perform various functions. These sensors have the ability to communicate with each other and route the data to next node or back to the Base Station (BS). Sensor nodes in a sensor network communicate with other nodes and collect the information. 1.1 ARCHITECTURE OF WSN Sensor node is made up of
few years wireless sensor networks (WSN’s) have gained global attention. It is a promising technology that has been extensively used in various critical and long-lasting applications. A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has a large number of energy constrained sensor nodes that have the capability to compute and communicate. They are used to identify the events of interests and transfer the data to the sink node. WSN is categorized into fixed WSN and mobile WSN. Target area has fixed sensors for performing
INTRODUCTION A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a network consisting of spatially distributed autonomous sensors to monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, humidity, motion or pollutants and to cooperatively pass their data through the network to a main location. The WSN is built of nodes from a few to several hundreds or even thousands, where each node is connected to one (or sometimes several) sensors. Each such sensor network node has typically
design issues in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). For that reason, it is vital to consider network coverage and energy consumption in the design of WSN layouts. Because selecting the optimal geographical positions of the nodes is usually a very complicated task, we propose a novel heuristic search technique to solve this problem. Our approach is a multi-population search algorithm based on the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The goal of this algorithm is to search for sensor network layouts that
increasing demand for the security in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) it is important to introduce the secure and reliable key management in the WSNs.Data confidentiality and authenticity are critical in WSNs. Key management objective is to secure and keep up secure connections between sensor nodes at network formation and running stages. In this paper we proposed various key management schemes, necessity for key management and security requirements for WSNs and made a detailed study to categorize
Abstract—Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is basically a wireless network in which sensor nodes are distributed in any environment condition, to collect the data or information such as temperature, pressure, wind, sea level etc. and accordingly data or information will be passed to the main location. Reliable Trust and Reputation of a node stands for the measure of trust over a certain period of time which can be useful to evaluate the risk of attack from that particular node. We have combined all these
Abstract: Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have grabbed much attention in recent years due to their potential use in many applications. One such application is deploying WSN in underground mines to monitor the miner 's physical signals as well as the environment they are exposed to. However, due to the resource constraints of sensor nodes and the adhoc-formation of the network, in addition with an unattended deployment, pose un-conventional demands provoke the need for special techniques for design
Wireless sensor network From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a computer network consisting of spatially distributed autonomous devices using sensors to cooperatively monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion or pollutants, at different locations.[1] The development of wireless sensor networks was originally motivated by military applications such as battlefield surveillance. However, wireless sensor networks
A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of hundreds to thousands of low-power multi-functional sensor nodes, operating in an unattended environment, and having sensing, computation and communication capabilities. The basic components [1] of a node are a sensor unit, an ADC (Analog to Digital Converter), a CPU (Central processing unit), a power unit and a OPEN ACCESS Sensors 2010, 10 10507 communication unit. Sensor nodes are micro-electro-mechanical systems [2] (MEMS) that produce a measurable response
A wireless sensor network (WSN) is composed of a group of small power-constrained nodes with functions of sensing and communication, which can be deployed in a huge area for the purpose of detecting or monitoring some special events and then forwarding the aggregated data to the designated data center through sink nodes or gateways. In this case, the network connectivity and the sensing coverage are two of the most fundamental problems in wireless sensor networks. Designing an optimal area coverage