Wiskott Aldrich And Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome

The immune system is made up of several types of cells that work together to fight infections. Lymph cells (called lymphocytes) are the main type of cell in the adaptive immune system. There are 2 types of lymph cells: T cells and B cells. When B cells respond to an infection, they change into plasma cells. The plasma cells are found mainly in the bone marrow—the soft, inner part of some bones. The plasma cells

HIV or the Human Deficiency virus is like other viruses including the flu, but the one thing that makes this virus so different than any other is that the body is unable to clear this one out completely. Once someone is infected, there is no cure. Over time, HIV can also hide or mask itself in the body's cells. The cells within a person's body that fight off infection are called CD4 cells or T cells. HIV attacks these cells and copies or replicates itself inside these cells, then destroys them. HIV over time will destroy so many of these cells that the body is unable to fight off infection anymore. When this starts happening, AIDS or Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome happens which is the final stage

The Yersinia Pestis in a bacteria that affects the immune system. The immune system is made up of T Lymphocytes and B Lymphocytes or also know as t cells and b cells. When the immune system gets infected the t cells will start dividing itself over and over again. While dividing itself the t cells will recognize the antigen. “ An antigen is a monocle that the immune system recognizes

Wiskott Aldrich Syndrome is an immune system malfunction that affects the immune system from producing the right amount of platelets.

The organs that make up the lymphatic and immune system are the tonsils, spleen, thymus gland, lymph nodes, and lymphatic vessels. White blood cells (leukocytes), red blood cells (erythrocytes), plasma, and platelets (thrombocytes) make up the blood. Lymphocytes are leukocytes (white blood cells) that help the body fight off diseases. Two types of lymphocytes are B cells and T cells. Lymphocytes recognize antigens, or foreign substances/matter, in the body. Lymphocytes are a classification of agranulocytes, or cells (-cytes) without (a-) granules (granul/o) in the cytoplasm. B cells are created from stem cells, which are located in the bone marrow. B cells respond to antigens by becoming plasma cells. These plasma cells then create antibodies. Memory B cells produce a stronger response with the next exposure to the antigen. B cells fight off infection and bacteria while T cells defend against viruses and cancer cells. A hormone created by the thymus gland called thymosin changes lymphocytes into T cells. The thymus gland is active when you are a child and slowly shrinks, as you get older. T cells bind to the antigens on the cells and directly attack them. T cells secrete lymphokines that increase T cell production and directly kill cells with antigens. There are three types of T cells: cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells, and memory T cells.

Wolman is a very rare disease. Involves conditions of the breakdown, and use of fat and cholesterol in the body. The people who are affected by this get harmful amount of lipids accumulate in the spleen, liver, bone marrow, small intestine, small hormone-producing glands on top of each kidney, and lymph nodes. Adrenal glands are also seen.

4. Autoimmunity: This results in the immune system unable to recognize its own healthy cells and goes against its own body and attacks itself. Sometimes it may be harmless, however, other cases may be fatal if the immune response is completely malfunctioned.

The immune system consists of a defense system that guards the body against invasion from infections and other diseases. Normally, a healthy person's immune system has the capability to differentiate between its own cells and cells that represent threats to the health of the body. (Craft and Kanter, 2002). Autoimmune disease refers to a broad range of over 80 acute, long-lasting diseases that affect nearly every organ in the body. (Wrong Diagnosis.com, 2000).

Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) (OMIM:130650) is a heterogeneous condition both in its clinical presentation and its molecular etiology. Clinical diagnostic criteria include at least several of the following signs: macrosomia (somatic overgrowth), macroglossia (omphalocele, umbilical hernia, diastasis recti), ear creases and/or pits, hemihyperplasia (asymmetric overgrowth), visceromegaly, renal malformations, neonatal hypoglycemia, cytomegaly of the fetal adrenal cortex, cleft palate (rare), facial nevus flammeus, and cardiomegaly or structural cardiac anomalies (Weksberg et al., 2010). About 5-20% of children with BWS have an increased risk of embryonal tumors (Sunil Sinha, 2014). These tumors most commonly include Wilms tumor and hepatoblastoma

The immune system, which is the part of the body that protects against diseases, viruses, bacteria, cancerous cells, and fungi, contains white blood cells. White blood cells are the central part of the defense and produce several types of cells. CD4+ lymphocytes, one type of white blood cells, identify disease-causing agents and then warn another type of blood cells, B cells, to develop antibodies. The antidotes then constrain the recognized disease-carrying agents and type of white blood cells, killer T cells, destroy them. Since viruses have to live in the host cells, HIV invades CD4+cells, replicates itself, resulting in the death of the cell in 112 days. The reproduced bacteria then infect the other cell and soon enough the number

These diseases are caused by hereditary or genetic defects, and, although some disorders present at birth or in early childhood, the disorders can affect anyone, regardless of age or gender. Some affect a single part of the immune system; others may affect one or more components of the system.

Once an entry is initiated and completed, HIV has the ability to replicate into thousands of copies of itself by using the host cells resources and the RNA. The RNA, which is two stranded, converts into DNA through an enzyme titled reverse transcriptase. When the DNA is set within the host’s genome, it allows replication to occur. Furthermore, the new viral copies are made and the host cell ruptures and dies. As a result, the multiple viruses are released and continue to infect more of the T cells, weakening the immune system. The normal count of T cells is about 800-1200 cells/mm3. For a while, T cells can be initially replaced, but HIV infection is a slowly progressive disease and soon enough the body becomes exhausted, leading to a decline in T-cell count. There are several prevention measures that can be taken in order to avoid getting HIV. Those include

Have you ever wondered how your body works? Did you ever think about how your body defends itself from outside invaders? Remember the last time you were sick. Did you know how your body fought and killed the sickness? All these questions can be answered by learning about one of the most important systems in your body, the immune system.

HIV is global pandemic stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, weakens the immune system by destroying the important cells in our body that fights against disease and infection. Our immune system is able to clear out most of the viruses from our body, but once you have HIV , you have it for lifelong. HIV can hide in our body cells for long time and it can attack the T cells and CD4 cells, a key part of our immune system to fight infections and diseases. Overtime, the HIV may attack so many of CD4 cells and our body is no more able to fight against infections. When this happens, HIV can lead to AIDS, the final stage of HIV infection. HIV can be transmitted through sexual contact, injection or drug use, pregnancy, breast feeding, occupational exposure, and rarely through blood transfusion and organ

Our immune system is the second most complex system in our body. It is made up of organs, cells and proteins that work together to protect our bodies from harmful bacteria, viruses or other microorganisms that can cause diseases. Usually we don’t notice our immune system defending us against pathogens, but if the pathogen (harmful microorganism) is aggressive or if our body hasn’t ever come into contact with it, we can get sick. The jobs of our immune system are to recognise pathogens, as well as neutralise and remove them from our body. Our immune system also has to fight our own cells if they have changed due to an illness, for example, cancer. (1)