Wolf Behavior Analysis

The analogy “wolves, sheep, and sheepdog” is very similar to the youth warrior archetype in Jungian Psychology, which contains the grandmaster bully, the hero, and the coward. In this analogy, the wolves are the grandmaster bullies, the sheep are the cowards, and the

Chapters three and four in Wolf Tracks, argues that despite the cultural elites dismiss the black influence on Panama and ignores its significance, they still relate the work to represent Panamanian culture, all while the black society attempts to shatter the false allegations that they do not exist in the idea of mestizaje. African art takes on a theatrical form in the shape of the red devil buses that contradict the old traditions of the ideas of mestizaje and order. The images illustrated in Chapter three, confirm the notion that the black influence is taking charge and trying to break down barriers by forcing everyone to experience and interact with the Afro-Caribbean culture.

The gray wolf, also known as the timber wolf or western wolf, is a generalist species and can be found in North America, Canada, Europe, and Asia. The gray wolf is a very diverse species, able to withstand different environments. The gray wolf can thrive in forests and woodlands, grasslands, desserts, and even the tundra. In the United States, this species is mainly found in the northern states such as Michigan, Wisconsin, Montana, Idaho, Oregon, Wyoming, and Alaska. Other states include Arizona and New Mexico where they were reintroduced to a protected parkland.

Wolves are highly adaptable to most habitat types except tropical rainforests and arid deserts. Wolves can be found in savannas, taiga, tundra, plains, steppes, and all forest habitats. The Grey wolf is a carnivore and is known as a tertiary consumer. This means that they exist in the top level in a food chain. An example of an animal that is beneath the Grey wolf on the food chain would be the caribou, which is one of its most hunted food sources.

The alpha female and male are the pack leaders that track and hunt prey, choose den sites and establish the pack's territory.

In simple terms a pack animal standing within the pack is how they view each others rank, those superior he respects and obeys, those below him are ignored, there are not any "grey areas Each member of the pack has a productive role to fulfil. Because the risk of injury to a pack member or themselves it is unusual for the ranking to be achieved by aggression which could reduce the effectiveness of the pack, for example the packs ability to hunt. The establishment of the rank structure is achieved by taking or receiving privileges.

Chapters three and four of Wolf Tracks, argues that despite the cultural elites dismissing the black influence on Panama and ignoring its significance in the mid-twentieth century to the early twenty-first century, they still relate the work to represent Panamanian culture, all while the black society attempts to shatter the false allegations that they do not exist in the idea of mestizaje. African art takes on a theatrical form in the shape of the red devil buses that contradict the old traditions of the ideas of mestizaje and order. The paintings drawn by Salazar, Garcia, Gaskin, Camargo, and Villarue, confirm the notion that the black influence is taking charge and trying to break down barriers by forcing everyone to experience and interact

Gray wolves. To some, these creatures are monsters, harbingers of death and destruction. To others, they are simply misunderstood creatures, protective of their family and their pack. However, what either side does not know is that these creatures play a greater role in their ecosystem than one human alone could understand. Grey wolves are one of thousands of different keystone species- species of organisms that have a large effect on the health and stability of a particular ecosystem. But they are also on the brink of extinction. The over hunting of these creatures in the 1900’s has lead to a severe decline in their population throughout the U.S., creating a ripple effect in the ecosystems in which they reside in. Luckily, reintroduction

Secondary data on the number of successful and unsuccessful wolf reintroduction programs can be gathered from state and federal wildlife management agencies from the states of Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Michigan. Collection of the same information from environmental organizations, and other local groups who study predator species is also important to determine if data on wolf reintroduction show similar numbers. If methods of data collection are similar but each has different outcomes, the level of bias should be minimal. Reports on loss of livestock from farmers, ranchers, and hunting groups should also be analyzed and compared with the numbers reported to state and federal agencies. Another piece of secondary data critical to this research

The wolves' habit of hunting in packs has resulted in the development of complex patterns of social behavior. Wolves are gregarious: they not only hunt in packs or groups but live most of their lives with other wolves. Studies in Alaska, Minnesota, Michigan , and parts of Canada show that a family made up of male, female, and pups is the basic pack unit. Other adults are pups of previous years or, more rarely, adults from other packs. Adolescent

Omega wolves are at the very bottom of the pack hierarchy. The Omegas are the ones who feed last and if their Alpha demands it, they won’t eat at all. Often the other members of the pack will bully the Omegas. But the Omega does play a very important role in the pack. The Omegas help the other members of the pack vent off conflicts without causing acts of war.

Another challenge to the long-term survival of the NRM gray wolf is its persistent widespread public persecution. Many public landowners, namely ranchers, cite the gray wolf as being the primary cause for livestock population declines. According to the USFWS, throughout a period between 1995 and 2008, gray wolves were directly involved with the deaths of 3242 livestock (cattle and sheep) animals in the northern Rocky Mountain states. During the thirteen year span, there were 988 confirmed wolf kills in the region (USFWS n.d.). Many ranchers in the Yellowstone region assert that, even though they receive government compensation for lost livestock, they spend too much time and effort in raising livestock that perish as a result of wolf depredation.

Wolves in the Upper Peninsula have been a hot topic for many of years, especially the hunting and trapping of them. I think people pro wolf are afraid that making it legal to hunt them would eventually make them an extinct animal. This shows us a type of supply and demand, where the supply is the wolves in their natural environment and the demand is where the people live and want to live in harmony with the wolves.

Their population has changed throughout the years. At one time, they disappeared from 48 states but then returned mainly to Alaska, the Great Lakes, Northern Rockies, and the Pacific Northwest. As of 2016 their population in the Western Great Lakes totaled 3,765. In the Northern Rocky Mountains, it totaled 1,782. In Alaska, they totaled 7,700 to 11,200 wolves. Since the gray wolf was removed from the endangered species list in several states three years ago, Predator Defense estimates about 2,800 wolves have been killed in 6 states. And there are only about 5,000 grey wolves left in the lower 48 states! Wolf hunting is allowed in Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan. Critics say wolf hunting is vicious and violent, and

On Thursday October 19, 2017, at approximately 9:45 am, I visited the Wind Wolves Preserve to conduct my observations. The sun was shinning and the weather was beautiful hitting the high 70’s while I was out. It’s important to note that the Wind Wolves Preserve has many of the terrestrial ecosystems. This is one of the many interesting things that I discovered about this special place. I find it interesting that the preserve transitions from one terrestrial ecosystem lower in elevation and as you go higher in elevation you can enter into different types of terrestrial ecosystems. For example, the pamphlet informed me “The rolling grasslands rise from the valley floor and transition into the classic California oak and valley oak savanna with