Women In Oak Ridge

What was once a barren area full of trees and grass was soon a bustling city with over 30,000 people. Buildings and houses were around every corner with signs hanging up everywhere. Many of these signs were secret messages to the residents of Oak Ridge to keep what they saw, heard, and did there a secret. This entire city was built faster than any other and it was all for one reason; to build the most destructive weapon in the world. The atomic bomb.

In The Girls of Atomic City, Denise Kiernan reveals the story of the women who helped win World War II. She starts the book off by giving a little background information on some of the women. The women packed up everything and moved away to a secret city called Oak Ridge. This city was unknown to most of the world. She gives the details on how they ended up in Oak Ridge. They did not know where they were going, or what their job would be, all they knew was they were going to help win the war. Everything was very secretive, they only knew what they needed to know in order to do their jobs. Denise Kiernan takes the interesting stories of multiple women and combines it into one big story. Kiernan believes that the women helped win the war by all of the hard work they did behind the scenes. By reading this book the reader will learn about the fascinating stories of these women and events leading up to World War II.

“Many women were forced out of high paying jobs in traditionally male industries. ”The government needed the women at the time and were very thankful for their support through the war but once they had come home they went back to the lifestyle that they had lived before the war; second in society when compared to men. “Many of the jobs women were offered during the war were taken away from them at its conclusion and were not in sectors women had previously shown a desire to enter.” The jobs that the women had acquired after the war was over was very different from the jobs that they had during the war. They had fallen in love with the idea of them working and being closer to men in equality and they thought that nothing would change once the men came home.

The country had no choice but to have the women in the factories. They needed their help and were not going to complain about it. They knew with extra hands that, that was going to be an easier way to win the war. The government called on to the women and without hesitation, they went. They answered to whatever work that needed to be done. They worked a 52 hour week at 68 cents per hour. They were all prepared and knew that their “summer jobs” would end soon. There work dominated their nights and days. Most of their work was outdoors as well. Even though some women would much rather be at home helping there families other ways they still managed to get their other job complete as well.

Women wanted to be able to do more in the war. They tried to find ways to work

The women during the war felt an obligation to assist in one form or another. Many

“During the war about half of American women worked outside of their homes,”( Hughes 2). The number of working women rose from fourteen point six million in nineteen forty one to nineteen point four million in nineteen forty four. “Women were not just motivated by wages or patriotism; but buy the feeling of independence that they gained from the work,” (Hughes 2). Without women laborers the US economy would have never been able to produce military hardware to be successful in the war. Even though women played a huge role in the work force during the World War II, they also played an even bigger role in the war itself. Women played several different roles in the actual war. “A few of women’s roles in the actual war of World War II would be army nurses, spies, pilots and entertainers,” (Scott3). Women served as army nurses during World War 11, there were than seven thousand active nurses on duty when the United States entered the war. “Women also served as pilots, on September tenth nineteen forty two, Nancy Harkness Love, with the support of th U.S. Air Transport Command, organized twenty five women pilots into the Women’s Auxiliary Ferrying Squadron (W.A.F.S),” (Scott3). Women pilots were used to serve non- combat flights, to free the men for combat flights. “Women spies of the World WarII , they were often successful and unsuspected since people suspected women that women’s properly roles were solely domestic,” (Scott3). Lastly

The war caused many American women to take factory jobs as result of the men enlisting in the war effort. They took these jobs because once the husband left there was no source of income coming to the family. So the women had to go to work to receive income to feed their families. Also, they started to work at the factories so they could make guns, bombs, food, and clothes to send to the troops in Europe who were fighting in the war.

Ever since then women proved that they can work in a man’s workplace and do just as well. Any job that was a man’s, was a women’s as well. Women were soon “the most needed workers of all” according to Brenda Ralf Lewis. Factory workers became known as “the soldiers without guns”. If women hadn’t stepped up to the line, winning the war wouldn’t have been as easy as it was for us. Not only did the women in factories and shipyards have a big part in doing their part in the war contributions, but so did the women who were out on the field fighting alongside with their men risking their very life.

For the extensive number of working class women, it was nothing new- these women had unceasingly gone to their jobs. Women in all different standings in society helped the country's case for the war. They did jobs such as heavy coaling, portering or working in fields.

the house becoming the homemaker once the war was over. The 1950s has also been

Before the war, women did not have any of the new responsibilities that came with post war America. After the war, women still may have wanted to remain in the workforce,

During the war in the 1940s, an aggressive media campaign urged more than six million women into the workforce. It is astonishing seeing each year; there were better accomplishments that women were making. Many learned new techniques such as working in steel plants, shipyards, and lumber mills. Sports also became a new and admired era in this time. The famous “Rosie the Riveter”, “We Can Do It!” was a part of the governor campaign that brought women into the workplace during the war. Following the end of WWII, most of these jobs went back to the men, and women were encouraged to either return back home or find a “female” job. This reveals that women were used. They were only needed when most of the men were in the war. In

World War II was the first time that women were greatly encouraged to join the workforce. Nearly 6 million women took industrial jobs such as steel plants, shipyards, and lumber mills at the urging of the government and media (“Women of the Century”). Because the men were away fighting in

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