Women Involved With Intimate Partner Violence

Domestic violence exists everywhere and affects all people regardless of socioeconomic status, sexual orientation, sex, ethnicity, or religion. Most times physical violence is accompanied by emotional abuse and controlling behaviors. The result of domestic violence includes physical injury, psychological issues, and death. Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) occurs in 1 of 4 women in the United States and can be correlated with a loss of emotional, social, physical and mental health. Intimate Partner Violence is an issue that does not receive a lot of recognition and is overlooked majority of the time. There is a lot of information on women in intimate partner violence relationships that explains how it affects women physically, mentally, and socially.

Before taking this course on family violence, I had an idea what was Intimate Partner Violence. I have always believed that Intimate partner violence involves only married couples. I had also thought that violence between a married couple consider the only force of using physical abuse only. Fortunately after reading about partner violence, I have learned that there was more than just one type of abuses. For example, I never thought that sexual abuse could happen between a couple. In addition, I learned that intimate partner violence does not consider only married partners but also partners who have same sex genders, and are unmarried.

Historically, lower-income black women have experienced intimate partner violence at a higher rate than any other racial or ethnic group in the United States. Very little of the research on intimate partner violence addresses the cultural and structural factors that influence black women’s experience of domestic violence (Taft et al. 2008). The most recent statistical survey of intimate partner violence in the United States was the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey conducted in 2011; previously, the most recent was the National Violence against Women Survey conducted during 1995-1996 (Breiding et al., 2014). The Center for Disease Control (CDC) offers four categories of intimate partner violence: sexual violence, physical violence, stalking, and psychological aggression (Breiding et al., 2014). Although domestic violence occurs among all races and ethnicities and socio-economic classes, it is particularly important to explore black women’s differential experience of intimate partner violence because black women are experiencing a disparity.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious, preventable public health problem that affects millions of Americans and is described as a type of harm caused by a current or former partner or spouse and may consists of physical, sexual, or psychological abuse; it does not discriminate, can occur among heterosexual or same-sex couples, and does not require sexual intimacy. The CDC administered a survey in 2010 called the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS) to examine the frequency of intimate partner violence (IPV), sexual violence (SV), and stalking among women and men in the United States (administered annually to track

Domestic Violence has always been an issue circulating women living in the United States. Alas, not many women realize the harm they are living because they are blinded by fear their partner creates for them to live by each and every day. Historically, many relationships and marriages have gone through many years of Domestic abuse, but yet have not recognized the signs of an abusive relationship. A 2014 survey ordained by the National Violence Against Women found that 25% of all women have been physically forced to have intimacy with their partner at some point during their relationship (Simmons, Catherine. A., et al. 2011). The changes within domestic abuse begin to occur with threats and verbal abuse, which later run the risk of involving

For most women, pregnancy is a time of joy and happiness for the life she is about to bring into this world. Unfortunately, this is not the case for women who experience intimate partner violence during such a precious milestone in their life. Intimate partner violence during pregnancy refers to violent acts including physical, sexual, or psychological/emotional violence or threats of sexual violence committed by an intimate male partner such as a husband, boyfriend, or common law partner that are inflicted on a pregnant woman. Intimate partner violence can affect women during pregnancy and during the postnatal period with devastating effects on both the women and the unborn child. Domestic violence against women is more

The study assessed 113 preschool age children who were exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV). The study was about five weeks long and it focused on preschoolers who were given an intervention and those who did not participate in the intervention. The population was children under six years of age who were exposed to IPV.  The children attended the Kids Club Program which is a recognized program to assist children exposed family violence. The children who participated were between the ages of 4 and 6 years old. The participants met for 10 sessions that lasted five weeks. Each session lasted one hour with five to six children participating. The intervention was in a community setting at Education Centers or Shelters at outreach programs.

McColgan et al, 2010 defines the Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) as the specific act of violence

There is no question that intimate partner violence (IPV) directed against women is a fundamental issue. However, it is clear that a paradigm has been developed within the IPV literature which generally holds that it is gender-based; that perpetrators are "exclusively or disproportionately male" (Dutton., 2006) and that females are the sole victims. Whilst the original function of this paradigm was to generate social change "in a direction that righted an imbalance against women" (Dutton & Nicholls., 2005), the present result is a misinformation regarding the reality of IPV. It holds that male-perpetrated violence towards women “arises from patriarchal values which motivate men to seek to control women’s behaviour, using violence if necessary” (Bates, Graham-Kevan & Archer., 2013). It will be further explored in this essay how this claim, for the most part, has been rejected. In fact, a ‘gender neutral view’ of IPV has gradually emerged, beginning with the work of Strauss and colleagues around 30 years ago. Results from the 1985 National Family Violence Surveys (Straus & Gelles., 1986) in the USA showed that 12.1% of husbands were victims of their wife’s violence, prompting interest in this novel field. Thus Steinmetz (1977/78) proposed the existence of the ‘battered husband syndrome’; findings in her paper showed that the rates of violence between both sexes in an intimate relationship were “very similar”, with at one stage it being shown that the violence of wives

Most women can not afford to just leave their home no matter how horrible it may be. Many women in abusive relationships choose to stay because as bad as it sounds sometimes it's better to stay then live in the streets, especially if you have children. Their financial and job situation may be precarious. Many only have a stable environment because of staying with their spouse. Victims will usual not have enough credit to get an apartment by themselves. After the fact, when you and your children are financially dependent, when the abuser knows where you work, when you can't just drop everything and disappear, a restraining order is just a piece of paper that doesn't save your

Intimate partner violence (IPV) which falls into the category of domestic violence is an epidemic among individuals in every community affecting twelve million men and women each year. IPV has no discrimination when it comes to characteristics of the victims. Although victims of IPV are predominately female, men are just as capable of becoming victims as well. The term intimate partner violence describes physical, sexual, or psychological harm by a current or former partner (CDC, 2015). Such violence does not always require sexual intimacy and can occur among same-sex or heterosexual couples. Some risk factors for IPV victimization include: previous childhood victimization, low self-esteem, young age, low income, and heavy drug and alcohol use.

Eva M Sundborg, Nouha Saleh-Stattin, Per Wändell and Lena Törnkvist were the authors of this article; however, the credentials of the authors and researchers are not stated in the article. The title of the article contained both the study population, which is nurses, and the key variable, which is the preparedness to care for women exposed to intimate partner violence. The abstract summarized the main features of the report. The abstract discussed that the researchers wanted to assess how prepared the nurses were to identify IPV in women exposed and provide nursing care for

One can only imagine how uncomfortable the lives of women who are experiencing or have previously experienced domestic violence is. Can you imagine, living every day in constant fear that today might be your last? That today could be the day that your abuser finally snaps, and life as you know it is over in the blink of an eye as you are trying to dodge that punch to your precious temple. Domestic violence was defined as an assault, threat, or intimidation by a male partner. (Abbott, Johnson, Koziol-McLain, & Lowenstein, 1995) Every year an estimated 2 million to 4 million woman in the United States are reportedly abused by their alleged male partners. Many of these women are ruthlessly physically assaulted, and thousands end up losing their life to the battle. (www.mayoclinic.com). These such statistics are flabbergasting. Many are under the impression that Domestic abuse only appears through physical violence – a fight of some sorts, but it is in fact prevalent in psychological abuse as well. Domestic violence occurs in several various unfortunate ways, such as verbally, mentally, and physically. Domestic violence is a widely spread issue throughout the United States. It is unfortunate that women are still being seen as inferior in comparison to men in today’s society. Women on average make only 77 cents to every dollar earned by men working in the same position. (Glynn, 2013) It is evident that men do also experience Domestic violence, but

IPV during pregnancy has a direct correlation with health problems for the mother and her unborn baby. Battered women are more likely than non-abused women to initiate prenatal care later in their pregnancy, and may miss subsequent appointments because either the abuser does not allow them to leave the house, or they are afraid to expose the signs of injury (Rose et al. 2011). According to Bailey (2011), IPV during pregnancy is linked to many negative consequences including decreased infant birth weight and increased rates of prematurity. Low birth weights and preterm infants are the leading cause of both neonatal morbidity and mortality. They consume unbalanced amounts of health care resources; and for the surviving babies, adverse initial

(2012) was a longitudinal follow-up study which focused on pregnant women who had been involved in intimate partner violence. There were 487 women who were recruited, but only 184 reported having IPV while pregnant in 2005. The women were recruited from 7 public hospitals in Hong Kong in 2005. They were asked to participate in a follow-up telephone interview in 2008. Participants were asked to respond to the Abuse Assessment Screen (AAS), the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale, and various questions related to demographic information. Overall the researchers discovered that the most common form of physical violence was corporal punishment, which includes acts such as spanking/slapping on the bottom, hand, arm or leg, pinching, and shaking, with a prevalence rate of 75.1% in the preceding year and 75.4% over their lifetime. Researchers concluded that intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy anticipates subsequent child abuse and neglect (CAN) on newborns in the Chinese