Women Of The Working Population

That women will take all these jobs from men because women are more suited for the workplace with their calmer temper, and higher graduation rates than their male counterparts. Rosin argues that men will not adapt to this work climate that increasingly focuses on nurturing professions but women have, for the past century, crossed the boundary and taken up careers in “male” careers (377). Today, women make up more than half of the managerial jobs, doubling their share of those jobs in 1980, while holding 54% of accounting jobs yet slightly less than half the lawyers and physicians (Rosin 378). Rosin also points yet that while women are by far the minority for STEM careers, they have gained significant ground in the last four decades (378). With all this evidence to fortify her claim, Rosin hypothesizes a doomsday for the man who is not in the technology

Over the past few decades, great strides have been made by women in the workplace. This increased number in women in the workplace does not mean equality however. Even with equal qualifications and achievements, women are still not given all the opportunities that men have. The chapter in the textbook, “Gender at Work”, shows us more of these inequalities in the workplace. Such inequalities cause gender segregation of jobs and can be linked with the pay inequality in the labor force. Even in jobs that are predominantly filled by women, men earn more than women. Women are often stereotyped as being family focused and not as able to travel, therefore they tend to get passed up for promotions (Garson p.353). This invisible barrier that keeps women from moving up the executive ladder is referred to as the “glass ceiling” (Baxter and Wright p. 346). Women also tend to do more domestic work, or unpaid labor and caregiving. This extra unpaid work is referred to as “the third shift” and is largely rested on the shoulders of women (Gersel p. 352). Consequently, this seems to be one of the biggest things holding women back from taking on jobs that are normally considered male

Date: Thursday February 8, 2001 Work Place Roles Of Men and Women Compared in Today’s Society

In today’s society it is still common to assign gender stereotype to specific career paths. Careers such as a construction worker, mechanic and electrician may be gender stereotyped as a man’s career and careers such as nursing, secretary, elementary school teachers and child care workers may be seen as a woman’s profession. I chose to analyze the concept of “ The Glass Escalator” by Adia Wingfield and relate it to two different news articles “ More men enter Fields Dominated by Women.” By Shaila Dewan and Robert Gebeloff and the article “Kudos for the Black Male Nurse” by Benjamin Greeen Jr. It has been encouraged for both men and women to take on occupational fields regardless of gender and race stereotypes. In Adia Wingfield’s study she also focuses on the inequality based off of race and gender in the work field for advancement in the a workplace. I decided to focus more on the subject of men just entering these different fields as an accomplishment.

Gender stereotypes are one of the most common encountered on a daily basis. The infamous ‘Glass Ceiling’ still exists in many areas of the professional world, restricting valid promotions simply based on gender. This type of concept can be verified by looking at comparative weekly wages of other professionals in a variety of industries. Most people will generally see female dominated occupations, such as nurse, teacher and secretary as requiring feminine personality traits and physical attributes for success; whereas male dominated occupations such as doctor, lawyer, and business executive are seen to require male personality traits for success (Sanderson, 2010, p. 344).

If perceivers often observe a particular group of people engaging in a particular activity, they are likely to believe that the abilities and personality attribute required to carry out that activity is typical of said group. “Both within and across different cultures we find great consistency in standards of desirable gender-role behavior. Males are expected to be independent, assertive, and competitive; females are expected to be more passive, sensitive, and supportive. These beliefs have changed little over the past twenty years within the United States and apparently around the world as well” (Hetherington & Parke, 2016, Chapter 15). These general beliefs and stereotypes likely stem from observations of women and men in differing social roles. In the workforce, women are more likely than men to hold positions of lower status and authority. Conversely, men are less likely than women to be homemakers and are more likely to be employed in the paid workforce. Although these stereotypes hold true in some cases, in today’s society, they are being shattered almost daily. Women are now holding higher positions of authority in the workforce than ever before. In some cases, the woman is the sole breadwinner whilst some men are now taking the role of homemaker and stay at home

Culture - What are the forces that lead to a male dominated culture in this organisation? What does the term 'male-dominated culture' really mean? What does cultural fit connote in this organisation? Does the concept of cultural fit perpetuate homogeneity and with it exclusion of women? In other words the existing culture in many traditional organisations perpetuates the view that only men are in a position and have the time and lifestyle to accommodate the work requirement of the organisation. This is the continuation of a historical model that was created at a time when women didn’t work outside the home and had very little rights even as citizens.

“Stereotypes are categories that constrain and shape what a person believes about, and expects from, other people” (Bartlett 1910). The workplace is one of the most active environments for women to be stereotyped against. Women are judged in ways such as being weaker than, and not as active as a man. This can be a problem for a woman in a male dominated occupation by making them feel, or seem, not as valuable as a man. For example, women in the police field will face the struggle of being seen as weaker, gentler, and to submissive to fight crime compared to men. This type of behavior leads to women not receiving much earned promotions, and having more struggles applying to male dominating jobs.

For example, in a recent medical check up, I had noticed that the doctors were mostly men while the nurses were mostly women. My experience at the doctor's office likely stems from American society designating men as the stereotypical breadwinners of the household. As a result, men are more likely to seek out leadership-based careers such as engineers, political leaders, and doctors. In turn, the modern American man makes a larger annual salary. On the other hand, due to notions surrounding jobs in the U.S., women tend to turn away from these male-dominated fields of work and instead choose to go into lower waged, subordinate jobs such as nurses and secretaries; moreover, the present day woman has to put in more work to match the salary of a man.

They point to the decreased percentages of working women in the 1945-1946 period. The percentage of female workers aged 20 to 24 declined from 54.4% to 46% and then in the same time women aged 25 to 34 reduced from 33.3% to 23% (Goldin 746). Women in the war industries were especially affected as the number of female automakers fell by 16.5% between 1944-1946 and 800,000 participants were laid off from the aircraft industry soon after the Japanese surrender (Anderson 4). Even though there was a downtrend during this time, it did not last long as women started to come back to work. They could not receive the same opportunities as they did during the war since men had replaced them, they found other jobs. Women were coming back for economic needs, they were working jobs that offered flexible schedules and accommodations for their children such as Tupperware sales since they could make money from home (Women’s Roles in the 1950’s).

The "glass ceiling" has held women back from certain positions and opportunities in the workplace. Women are stereotyped as part-time, lower-grade workers with limited opportunities for training and advancement because of this "glass ceiling". How have women managed their careers when confronted by this glass ceiling? It has been difficult; American women have struggled for their role in society since 1848. Women’s roles have changed significantly throughout the past centuries because of their willingness and persistence. Women have contributed to the change pace of their role in the workplace by showing motivation and perseverance.

The female factory workers had horrible working conditions and low pay just like slaves but they were a lot different from slaves. What was different was that at the end of the day the female factory workers could go home at the end of the day and slaves could not do that. They could also seek other employment if they wanted to. They see each other as hands instead of individuals because that is how they were treated but yet they were still free. The textile mills would convince parents to allow their daughters to work at the factories and this was the first time in history that a large number of women left their homes to work in a factory. They were not treated like people they were treated like slaves in away by not letting them have jobs

Blame according to Dr. Brene Brown’s video is “simply the discharging of discomfort and pain.” It is a way that we discharge anger rather than being accountable. Wow, U.S. history is full of blaming and it affects student’s ability to learn about U.S. history. The irony is that the past is still repeating itself with the current crop of politicians. Republicans blame Democrats and vice versa and nothing gets accomplished in Washington D.C. for the American people. The market revolution bears responsibility (blame) for the beginning of the birth of a female labor force. According to writer, Gretchen Swen, the early 19th century “was fueled by the explosion of technological innovation, backed up by a lot of hard work.” The cotton gin was quickly increasing cotton production in the South; steamboats were churning up the Mississippi river; power looms were transforming the New England textile industry. Transportation was greatly improved, and people relocated in record numbers. The social and technological changes created what’s been called a “market revolution.”The market revolution is defined as growth of commerce, of buying and selling on commercial markets. The cotton boom fueled the first large scale manufacturing in the United States. Textile mills began to spring up across the northeast, and towns grew up around them to house their workers. This innovation not only changed the textile industry, it transformed the social landscape as well. Tom Dublin on camera

A study on the implicit and explicit occupational gender types, Sex Roles, “Occupational gender stereotypes are activated when men and women are considered to be more suited for certain occupations based on stereotyped characteristics and temperaments” (White and White 2006). Matheus represented the following examples, “a stereotypically feminine job would be associated with attributes such as nurturing, caring, and being sensitive to the needs of others and a stereotypically masculine job would be associated with attributes such as decisiveness, coldness and toughness” (Matheus 2010). Nowadays, women are usually seen in the workforce as secretaries and nurses. Meanwhile, most doctors and construction laborers are men. In addition, Anker points out that “Occupational segregation by gender is prevalent in most if not all countries” (Anker 1998). “Women and men work in different fields and within fields at different levels” (Anker 1998). Diekman and Wilde explained that “men’s concentration in leadership and other high power roles led to the assumption that men have “agentic characteristics” such self-assertion and dominance and women’s concentration in subordinate and caretaking roles lead to the assumption that they have “communal characteristics” such as being kind and supportive (Diekman and Wilde 2005).

The sight of a working woman today is not something that causes one to look twice. However, this was not always the case. It was a long struggle for women to get to where they are today, and there is still a long way to go. There were a few momentous occasions throughout history that caused a shift in the way women were viewed as workers, such as the need for workers during World War II, the Equal Pay Act, and the appointment of Sandra Day O’Connor to the Supreme Court. Women have made great strides in integrating themselves into the workforce alongside men and continue to do so today.