Women in the Workforce: From World War II To Present

During the year 1942, most of the world was occupied with World War II; for the US, it was a period of hardship, unity, sacrifice, and pain. Men were selected to go fight while women were encouraged with the “Rosie the Riveter” poster to work in areas they were not familiar with. About six million women were motivated from it and worked the jobs men usually took and jobs that contributed to helping the men who were fighting; however, women were still responsible for their daily house work.

The war expanded the horizons of American women. The war brought a tremendous shortage of labor. Not only was there great demand for labor to build up the war machines necessary to fight, but also the men were leaving employment for military service in huge numbers. As a result society asked women to fill the jobs, and they rushed to take them. ”Women in 1944 made up more than one-third of the civilian labor force” (Foner). There was a new found image of women now know as “Rosie the Riveter” who was a strong welding worker who helped build machines for the war effort. Many women looked up to this campaign propaganda of Rosie and envisioned themselves similar to Rosie. When in fact that it was only typical for a few women out of many to be an actual welder. “In fact only about two million, or ten

Before the war, women’s roles in the household were to simply raise the children and maintain the home, or to take these things off of the plates of their busy husbands hands, but in this era of wartime production women who were married, unmarried, or married and had children went to work. Some 14 million women went to work building landing vehicles, ships, planes anything needed so that their boys were properly supplied on the front lines. With this shift from wife and mom to worker, women began to overcome much of the discrimination they previously battled in the work place, like being paid fewer wage than men. This movement was fueled by a massive propaganda campaign that started to change how women thought it meant to be a woman. At the peak of the industrial boom caused by World War II, 40 percent of all women worked for wages in the US and out of the entire workforce, 36 percent were women. Being a women in this period no longer required sitting at home all day cleaning the house while the children were at school and the opportunity to make on honest days wage became increasingly appealing to many housewives. Women, now accustomed to being treated this way, saw this as a step forward in society for them. Sadly, this way of life most women who joined the work force was short lived.

Women in America have faced gender suppression for centuries. From issues such as not being able to vote, to equal wage rights, feminists and suffragettes have fought for their place in society. During World War II, women began to shape the world around them by taking jobs in large numbers, as men had to leave their jobs to enlist. This was supported through one of America’s cultural icons, Rosie the Riveter, who represented a strong, working woman. However, once the men returned at war’s end, women were fired from their jobs. While women were praised for their work, they also changed the workplace itself, helping the United States transition out of an industrial economy. Harsh factories were given a feminine, personal touch, and the women began to break out of their dull housewife lives--until the war ended. Although World War II caused only a temporary rise in women’s employment, women changed company policies and took jobs normally reserved for men, challenging their own role as subservient housewives and permanently improving employment in the businesses that they worked.

During the World War II, women played a role in the industrial and military through the workforce, helping the United States in building the country while in War and support troops from the warfare fighting for the nation. After the World War II, women had to lose their jobs over the veterans back from the War. Women were seen as no skill workers, home moms, and housewives. Of all the beneficial of post war, none of them rewards to women since veterans took more than the fifty percent of the work force. In the 1940s and 1950s, women continued their march into the workplace since traditional feminine roles of homemaker and mother (AP, 832). In the post war, young men and women tight up after they got back from the war. Baby boom is the huge explosion from births to returning

Introduction Women play a humongous role in today’s society, but 100 years ago that was not the case. The evolution of women in the workplace, and society in general continues to change daily. Women started joining the workforce during World War 2 (the 1940s) to fill the positions of men who were deployed in the war overseas. Women were not seen as workers before World War 2; they were seen as stay at home mothers. Women were “supposed” to stay at home cooking and cleaning.

This investigation will explore the question: To what extent did women working factory jobs change feminine roles in society? The years from 1939 to 1945 will be the focus of this investigation, to allow for an analysis of women’s employment before and during the war.

Women Work During World War II Many people might say women can't do a man’s job. Women are known as ‘housewives’ who are only supposed to do work around the house such as cleaning , taking care of their kids, and husband (“Women during World War II” 11). They will never be good enough to do the dirty work. They are wrong because women are independent enough to take care of their family and work outside of the house.

As more men entered the armed forces, women needed to replace them. By the war's end, hundreds of thousands of women had entered the workforce, many of them in traditionally masculine occupations such as engineering, munitions, transport, business, and eventually even the military. The war produced a leap in women's employment from twenty-six percent in the workforce in 1914 to thirty-six percent by 1918. One million women worked in munition industries, forty-thousand served as nurses, and twenty-thousand joined the Women's Land Army as agricultural workers (Marwick, 1977). For the young and the middle-class, work outside their homes was indeed a new experience. On the other hand, working-class women were used to paid work, but the type of work was new. Many left low-skill, low-wage jobs, especially in domestic service, for better paying skilled labor in factories and workshops (Kent, 1993).

During the war in the 1940s, an aggressive media campaign urged more than six million women into the workforce. It is astonishing seeing each year; there were better accomplishments that women were making. Many learned new techniques such as working in steel plants, shipyards, and lumber mills. Sports also became a new and admired era in this time. The famous “Rosie the Riveter”, “We Can Do It!” was a part of the governor campaign that brought women into the workplace during the war. Following the end of WWII, most of these jobs went back to the men, and women were encouraged to either return back home or find a “female” job. This reveals that women were used. They were only needed when most of the men were in the war. In

During World War II American women entered the work force in unprecedented numbers, as the growth of men enlisting hit a high hurt the economy which left huge gaping holes in our labor force. Between 1940 and 1945, the percentage of females working in our workforce increased dramatically from about its usual 27 percent to nearly 37 percent. By 1945 one out of every four married women worked outside the home. Rosie the Riveter which is the star of the government campaign aimed to recruit women into the workforce for the munitions industry. She became the most iconic image of the working women during the war.

On December 7, 1941 the United States entered World War 2 after the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. The US entering the war led to a draft for men between the ages of 18 and 45. The country soon realized that the draft caused a shortage of men in the workforce and this meant that women would now have to do traditionally men's jobs. Some of these jobs include working as mechanics, engineers, tank drivers, air raid wardens, driving fire engines, plumbers, and ambulance drivers. Although these task were nothing like what women had done before most felt like it was their duty to the country to fill in for the men.

The women did what they could to add the soldiers fighting the war. The iconic imagine of Rosie the riveter was a great example of what happened during that time. Women in the work force proved to everyone that they were capable of doing the jobs that many thought only men could do. This event helped pave the way for women in the work force. Although women were not treated equal to men after the war, it was a step in the right direction.

We have a tendency to believe things have quite improved since 1970, but it is unfortunate to observe not much has evolved, according to data from the Census Bureau. The number of women in the workforce has dramatically escalated 30.3 million (37.97% of workforce) in 1970 to 72.7 million (47.21%) during 2006-2010. Nevertheless, the growth some aspects of the workforce slowed down. The Bureau discloses the rapid growth of women in the workforce occurred between 1970 and 1980 ; which then slowed down illustration only 0.4% average growth between 2000 and 2006-2010 (Baig, 2017).

Throughout the twentieth century, both World War I and World War II significantly impacted American society in several ways. From 1917 to 1918, the United States’ involvement in World War I began an increase in the number of women in the workplace that would steadily continue throughout much of the twentieth century. The United States once again played a major role in World War II from 1941 to 1945, and this war is actually seen as a turning point for women in the workplace. During the two world wars, women workers were impacted by discrimination, the danger of the work they completed, and the portrayal of women in propaganda during both world wars, and yet the different time periods of the two world wars led to differences in how women