Women's Involvement In Terrorism

Emerged. With that being, female terrorist are not new to the history of terrorism. Women were victims, participants, and witnesses in the French terrorism. Women roles in terrorism were even active in the nineteenth century that was in Russia. More than 10,000 women actually joined the ranks of the national liberation front, that was in the Algerian war from 1954 to 1962, women also played many leading roles in revolutionary terrorism, and that surged to their representation in western revolutionary groups. In fact, religious terrorists are still actively recruiting women today. Women seem to be recruited in many organizations, which are because

Modern terrorism, as deduced from this literature, is acts to violence strategically used by secular groups spanning international borders with the aim of achieving a desired outcome. Further, it can be seen as organized activity whose genesis can be traced back to the 1880’s. From then to now there are identifiable traits and patterns observed from different (terrorist) groups which have allowed for the conceptualization of the term modern terrorism. This concept therefore, can be best explained in the context of being a wave or having a life cycle. That means it is a cycle of activity demarked by phases from inception and expands along the way then eventually it declines. The world, thus far, has experienced four waves of modern

This article by Isabelle Duyvesteyn starts off by summarising the objectives that challenge the perspective of terrorism since the last decade of the twentieth century is fundamentally new. In this article certain questions have been debated regarding new aspects of terrorism and they are: “transnational nature of the perpetrators and their organizations, their religious inspiration, fanaticism, use of weapons of mass destruction and their indiscriminate targeting.” ("How New Is the New Terrorism?", 2017)In order to understand the depth of aspects of new terrorism the article talks about “national and territorial focus of the new terrorists, their political motivations, use of conventional weaponry and the symbolic targeting that is aimed in order to achieve a surprising effect.” ("How New Is the New Terrorism?", 2017)

“Terrorism's particularly heinous but highly attractive means to achieve political objectives or even radically restructure political foundations is manifest within societies in all reaches of the world. While the practical application of terrorist methodologies comes across as a relatively straightforward craft, the conceptual and ideological understanding, and subsequent evaluation of its socio-political influence, implementation, and psychological impacts present difficult questions, and in some cases conceivably insurmountable obstacles” (Romaniuk 2014, para

The word “terrorism” was first used during the French Revolution when British statesman Edmond Burke used the term to describe the actions of the Jacobin-dominated French government. Under the leadership of Maximilien Robespierre, thousands of people that were said to be enemies of the state were put on trial and then executed by use of the guillotine (O 'Connor, 2006). However, since the inception of the word, it has taken on a new meaning. One can now hear the word “terrorism” and be overcome by anger or even fear. Terrorism now seems to have turned to attacks against a government rather

Wright has a special way of explaining things. When reading this book, a reader need not have a background knowledge on terrorism, Wright crafts the book in such a way that it consists of a ten page list of the main characters, fifty pages of notes, a list of interviews held, a bibliography and a clear bibliography for those who would love research the topic more. He also

Terrorism has no gender. Although most terrorists written about in social media are men, such as Osama Bin Laden and Saddam Hussein, female terrorists do exist across the globe. The George Washington University’s Program alone profiled twenty-five American women who have conspired with terrorist organizations. These women can be a variety of ages and have been known to travel outside of the United Sates to help support the terrorist group that recruited them (Dedman). Typically, women are recruited by social media or in person through manipulation and false promises. One example of a female terrorist is Sally Jones, who was notoriously known as the White Widow. Jones wreaked havoc across the United Kingdom, threatening citizens with terrorist attacks on

Margaret Gonzalez-Perez (2004), in her Nationalism and women terrorist meeting, identifies two different categories of terrorist organizations and the roles of women within each. Terrorist groups with international agendas typically oppose U.S. imperialism, capitalism, or Western culture in general. Nationalist terrorist organizations usually take action against perceived forces of oppression within their own nation. These different agendas have a direct impact on the role of women within them. Internationally-oriented terrorist groups assign traditional, limited gender roles to their female members, while nationalist terrorist organizations challenge domestic prohibitions, including those imposed on women, and encourage full and active participation of female members at all levels of terrorist activity. This heightened level of participation could very well alter the longevity and chances of success for such a

Since the women’s liberation movement of the 1960s and “Burn our Bras” women have fought for their cause of equal rights. It should also be assumed that parallel ideas exist as it pertains to becoming a terrorist. If a woman holds the same extremist values as her male counterpart, she has the potential to be a more effective terrorist. Women are underestimated, misrepresented, and understudied. Historically, women have always been in the background of terrorist activities. The most substantial of their services is giving birth to future fighters. Women have progressed to become active participants in terrorism as a means to support their cause.

Women who choose to engage in terrorism have been the subjects of a growing body of literature. The approach and focus of which has been varied, including contributions from a range of academic fields. Gender is significant to understanding female violence because it is atypical to the traditional conceptualisation of violence and war. There is an obvious juncture in the feminist understanding of this topic as identified by Jacques and Taylor (2009). For them, there are two distinct ways that female terrorists and the intrinsic link to gender have been understood (Jacques and Taylor, 2009: 505). On one hand, there are those that view a women’s role in terrorism as strategic. It is seen as an effective tactic as it exploits the target states’ gender stereotypes (Laster and Erez, 2015, Bloom, 2005). Nacos (2005) views the narratives attributed to female terrorists as a tactical choice used to exploit the target state’s inherent gender biases to further terrorist agendas (2005: 448). The main purpose of this work is to encourage policy makers to take these depictions into account when creating counter terrorism measures and to be aware of the use of females as a tactic. This is similar to the work of O’Rourke (2009) who endeavours to show the strategic benefits of female suicide terrorism. Through the comparison of terrorist groups that both have and don’t have women among their ranks, she highlights the strategic advantages of employing women (O’Rourke, 2009: 684). From

and social ideology is closely related to the roles women play in terrorist groups” (White, 2014, p.113). Women tend to be more attracted to those organizations that are focused on revolution and social change, which is because women are interested in the chance of redefining their roles. In addition, these revolutionary groups can also offer them that leadership role, other organizations might not offer, that is because international terrorists, try to defend the traditional culture, that limits the role of women. The roles women usually play in terrorism are as spies, supporters, sympathizers, combatants, and even as suicide bombers. The roles of women in terrorism are increasing for example, when it comes to ISIS, roughly 10 percent

We all know of tales from the battlefield of women carrying IEDs as if she was carrying a child. These female suicide bombers are not an unusual occurrence; they are a reality in the desert/urban warfare in the Middle East. Antiterrorism and counterterrorism analysts need to reevaluate what it means to be a ‘woman involved in terrorism.’ We need to understand that women are terrorists in the same way that men are, if not more because of the psychological ramifications that come from the use of women as attackers. Dr. Jonathan White once said, “some terrorist groups, seeking increased psychological impact from suicide attacks, sought new types of bombers. They began using

Terrorism in the twenty-first century has some similarities and differences from terrorism in the twentieth century. Terrorism is, in its broadest sense, the use or threatened use of violence in order to achieve a political, religious, or ideological aim. Also useful to remember that because the two entities involved, the terrorists and the terrorized, are on the opposite end of the political, religious or ideological continuum, the same act is viewed by them differently. There is much sense in the phrase one man’s terrorist is another man’s freedom fighter.

The history of terrorism can be traced back as far as the French revolution. Some of these acts of terrorism only seem as distant reminders of our past, but at the same time, are not a far cry from today’s brutal acts; and although these acts seem distant, it doesn’t also mean they are no longer in the thoughts of individuals in today’s time.

The calculated use of violence or the threat of violence to inculcate fear; intended to coerce or to intimidate governments or societies in the pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious or ideological.