Working Lives Involving The Management Of Their Own Employability

In today’s society, a college degree has become a requirement in order to obtain a well occupied profession. Prior to the recession, which the study defines as the period between December 2007 and June 2009, bachelor's graduates were already more likely to be employed than were associate degree holders, who were more likely to be employed than those without any postsecondary degree. After the recession, employment of college graduates dropped 7 percent, while associate degree holders experienced an 11 percent drop, and employment of high school graduates fell 16 percent. The percent of people excluded from the workforce, meaning they were seeking work but couldn’t find it, rose 31 percent for college graduates, 37 percent for high school graduates, and 50 percent for associate degree graduates, though associate degree holders were still excluded at a lower rate than high school graduates (Tilsley, 2013).

Vocational Psychology is a concept that emerged in the early twentieth century at the time of industrialization (Vocational Psychology - Career Development - IResearchNet, 2017). It is a specialty within applied psychology, and uses ‘the application of psychological principles to the problems of vocational choice, behaviour, selection and training’ (Definition of VOCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY, 2017). Vocational behaviour is the nature of how and why individuals choose and adjust to occupations (Munley, 1975). Based on this concept of vocational behaviour Munley (1975), sort to look at it through the life span development theory of Eric Erikson.

Even though the rise in the number of college graduates had positively impacted the American economy by leading to the growth of the pay gap, yet it’s still not enough. The reason is that the short number of college graduates is mainly due to the lack of

A recent study from Emory University’s Goizueta Business School reveals that even in the midst of an economic recession in which college graduates are more likely be employed in less desirable jobs and lesser pay, graduates still report higher levels of job satisfaction overall (Bianchi, 2013). Likewise, 53 percent of Millennial college graduates are “very satisfied” with their work, while only 37 percent of high school graduates were satisfied with theirs (PRC, p. 40). Moreover, 86 percent of college-educated young adults viewed their current job as part of a “career-track”, as opposed to 57 percent who only have a high school diploma (p.

With a degree from a first-rate college connections are made with potential jobs; job applicants without degrees are looked down upon by employers. By attending college, young adults make connections and earn preferable jobs. According to Hill, many college graduates are given jobs over those who did not go to college because of the connections they made while in school. John Siva, an economist at Wells Fargo Securities, urges all young people to attend college because they are more likely to be hired by future employers. Silva also proclaims that the number of jobs which require a college degree is rapidly increasing (Hill). Some highly acclaimed people are adamant in their opinion that college will give its graduates connections to future jobs. In addition, college graduates receive jobs over applicants who do not attend college. In “College Graduates Fare Well in Jobs Market, Even Through Recession” by Catherine Rampell, a New York Times economist, it is reported that unemployment for college graduates is 3.9%, while unemployment for the workforce as a whole is 7.5%. According to the Labor Department, the number of college-educated workers with jobs has risen 9.1%, whereas the number of non-college educated workers with jobs has decreased 9% (Rampell). The number of workers without a high school diploma has dropped 14.1% as shown according to Rampell. These statistics only reiterate the fact that employers are hiring college-educated workers over those without a

In recent years, the UK has seen many major changes in the Higher Education which has affected the graduate labour market in many ways (Wilton, 2010). In 2013 there were 12 million graduates in the UK; a ‘graduate’ is classified as a person who has left education with qualifications above an A-Level standard, such as a university degree. In April to June 2013 there were 31 million people in the UK who were not enrolled on any educational course (ONS, 2013).

As more and more students graduate, they begin to look for work; hoping for a job capable of paying off their debts and making their chosen degree worthwhile. In America, we are running into the problem of a lack of jobs, requiring a degree or not. From service-jobs to white-collar jobs, "...more than 14 million jobs are vulnerable to being outsources offshore." (Roberts).College graduates that are native to America are struggling to find work due to the outsourcing of jobs, in turn damaging our economy.

A recent study demonstrates that “nearly half of college graduates in their [twenties] are underemployed” (Selingo). The result signifies that employers do not expect the graduate to hold a bachelor’s degree. In reality, Richard Vedder, Director of the Center for College Affordability and Productivity, notes statistics that reveal there are “16,000 parking lot attendants with bachelor’s degrees, … 83,000 bartenders and 115,000 janitors.” Graduates must learn to acquire jobs that mirror the effort employed to obtain their bachelor’s degree. Therefore, this allows businesses to hire overqualified workers for their less paying job positions.

According to the Economic Policy Institute, nearly 25% of college graduates are either unemployed or underemployed – a term which means they are employed at a job beneath that which is appropriate for their skill level. (Knowledgeatwharton). This is a serious issue and raises some important questions for both college graduates and the institutions from which they obtained their degrees. In this paper, I will be discussing what I believe to be the primary source of this problem, the impact it has on college graduates, and a solution, which Butler Community College could implement would work towards rectifying this issue in our local community.

Within our contemporary society, individuals are constantly changing in order to hold their jobs. The continuous development of technology is a threat to workers as it causes individuals to be apprehensive of machines that can replace their careers. Emma Jacobs, who interviewed five individuals for the Financial times, demonstrates distinct perspectives on the most efficient method to approaching an obstacle in one’s career. Lynda Gratton and Erik Brynjolfsson believe that one must change as technology gradually develops by attaining certain skills and having a new perspective towards a career they adore. Meanwhile, Martin Ford believes that only the government can assist individuals on how to future-proof their career. Nonetheless, even

Financially being able to afford life after college is a priority that many students carefully plan for. The only issue both sides do agree on is that the majors most student's are currently studying will not have a high demand for job placement once they graduate with their degrees. The two communities say the majors that most student's study will not provide them with the economic resources they may need to be sufficient during post college. In 2007 unemployment rates for student's who had a bachelor's degree was 4.9 percent and 8.5 percent for people with associates degrees and high school diplomas (Billitteri). Providing proof that the job market and the majors that students were choosing did not coincide with one another, resulting in the two communities claiming money may have been wasted in order to educate the unemployed, also assuming the money invested did not go to proper use.

There is substantial literature study the impact of unemployment on the decision of people to come back to school and enroll in the college. However, there is only a small amount econometric study that examines the impact of unemployment on advanced degree enrollment in the United States. This is somehow surprising since the opportunity cost of graduate education is much higher compared to high school or undergraduate education. The number of graduate level degree has increased by 96% over past two decades in the U.S, and it is expected to increase by a further 28% over the next decade. Also, during the two decades the average tuition levels at graduate schools doubled . Generally speaking, there are two main channels for human capital accumulation: learning from work and formal schooling. Hence, it is important to understand how the unemployment affects the enrollment of graduate school. During the recession of late 2000s, there were many news media report that the number of student application to graduate school increased during the economics depression. There are also a number of descriptive articles discussed the impact of unemployment on the enrollment of graduate or profession school. However, there is little research about the impact of unemployment on the graduate school enrollment. The objective of this paper is to investigates the

In America’s market, recent college graduates are finding it hard to be employed because jobs are being outsourced; this creates these graduates to become underemployed or completely unemployed. The Great Recession has also played a huge role in leading students to work low income jobs that do not need degrees. In an article written by Scott Winship called The Truth About Jobs, explains how America was unable to produce jobs for all people who wanted them for decades. “It is also said that the middle class is becoming “hollowed out” as job growth is increasingly confined to occupations that require either very low-level skills or highly sophisticated ones—and that pay accordingly.” Luckily, the job growth rates have increased and introduced

In the competitive world today, having a college degree might not benefit a student as much as before, thus opening up numerous questions concerning its necessity. Not only is the number of students desperately trying to enroll in college increasing, but the tuition shoots up as well. However, will college enrollment necessarily be enough to increase your chances of attaining job security? The answer is hotly debated amongst adults and students alike, which opens up the second option for students, that is, joining the work force. Although this option is generally shunned by the new generation, the tough economy and slow restoration makes it quite a desirable choice at the moment. Joining the work force is a hard decision to make as it

Recent statistical data has shown that university graduate jobs are in decline. In fact, studies have shown that less and less individuals are finding full-time employment occupation once completing university. This is evident in a study conducted by National Institute of Labor Studies at Flinders University (2016) which determined that between 2008 and 2014, the percentage of recent university graduates in full-time occupation declined from 56.4% to 41.7%. This is also substantiated by Tom Karmel, assistant professor at Flinders University (2016) who argued that university graduates outnumber the