Wrist Pain Essay

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Ulnar collateral ligament injury is a type of elbow injury that develops from repeated overhand throwing movements (overuse). This motion places a lot of stress on the two strong bands of tissue (ligaments) that hold your elbow joint in place. The ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) is a main ligament located on the inside of your elbow. Over time, repetitive overhand throwing can damage the UCL.

Baseball is America's pastime. Everyone in this country knows a person who plays the game and the struggles they face throughout their entire baseball endeavors. Baseball is an overhead throwing sport that requires countless amount of repetition in order to perfect the art of throwing a baseball with different spins and velocities. Because baseball has become a non-season based sport in this modern era, it has risen health risks to the elbows of athletes that play continuously. The Ulnar Collateral Ligament, commonly coined as the Tommy John Ligament, is the

The ulnar collateral ligament is a structure that keeps the humerus and the ulna in a normal relationship. The most common cause of an injury to the UCL is repetitive stress to the elbow. Most commonly it is cause by repetitive throwing. You will most likely see this injury happen in throwing sports, such as baseball. The injury can start to happen over time or the ligament can pop from too much force.

When pain lasts three to six months or more, it is considered chronic pain. According to the American Geriatrics Association, more than 50 percent of seniors living at home and up to 80 percent of those in care facilities suffer from chronic pain. As a result, a great number of these seniors are not able to function properly during the day or sleep well at night. Some of the most frequent causes of chronic pain in seniors are arthritis, glaucoma, poor circulation, and nerve damage.

Some of the injuries that can occur in the hand are Cubital Tunnel Syndrome and Carpal Tunnel Syndrome along with many more. Cubital Tunnel Syndrome causes pain or numbness in the ring and little fingers, but could also go to the arm (Types of RSI, 2010). Occurs when the ulnar nerve is pinched along the elbow’s edge (“funny bone”), and has tingling or painful feeling (Types of RSI, 2010). Cubital Tunnel Syndrome can be treated by avoiding putting pressure on the “funny bone” (Types of RSI, 2010). Cubital could lead to surgery if the nerve needs to be relieved. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is similar to Cubital but occurs in the three first fingers. A major nerve is compressed which passes over the carpal bones through the front of the wrist (ASSH, 2015). When the nerve is compressed it causes painful, tingling and numbness in the first three fingers (ASSH, 2015). Carpal Tunnel Syndrome can be treated without surgery by changing the patterns of hand use and/or wearing wrist splints at night (ASSH, 2015). If severe then surgery can take place to make the nerve have more

My initial treatment instructions for the athlete were to continue resting, icing, compressing and elevating the injury for the first 48 hours. I advised him that he should ice the affected area a minimum of 4 times per day throughout the first 2 days of rehabilitation. This should help reduce the pain, swelling and inflammation as a result of the injury. I also recommended he take an over the counter anti-inflammatory medication if he felt he needed to. Due to the valgus stress test being positive, I referred the pitcher to a doctor for an MRI. The MRI later revealed a grade 2 tear of the ulnar collateral ligament with impingement of the ulnar nerve causing the tingling sensation in the fourth and fifth fingers of the right hand.

When was the last time you thought about your ulnar collateral ligament? Have you ever thought about stretches you should do for your elbow and arm before throwing anything? How about what even makes your elbow work? These are things I never took into consideration before my injury.

RCT is a common disease. According to general population surveys, the prevalence of rotator cuff tear is 25 % in those older than 50 years of age and 20 % in those older than 20 years of age (1). The rotator cuff is a group of 4 muscles and their tendons supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis (2). These muscles connect the upper-arm bone, or humerus, to the shoulder blade. The important job of the rotator cuff is to keep the shoulder joint stable. RCT can be caused by degenerative changes, repetitive micro-traumas, severe traumatic injuries, and secondary dysfunctions. Falling on an outstretched hand, unexpected force when pushing or pulling or during shoulder dislocation can cause traumatic injury to the rotator cuff.

Ulnar collateral ligament tear (UCL) contains a sprain to inner elbow ligament. Once significant stress is placed upon the UCL, an injury occurs. However, two UCL injury treatments include icing and excluding throwing activates for six weeks. Icing reduces inflammation, whereas not throwing influences healing. In addition, injury prevention exercises include heavy dumbbell farmer walk, squishy ball squeezes, and dumbbell wrist curls. Heavy dumbbell farmer walks specify athlete to walk Five yards while holding dumbbells. Exercise is succeeded four days per week with three sets of five, progressing into weight increases. Squishy ball squeezes require athletes to grip squishy ball frequently contracting then releasing. Exercise is succeeding three

According to Kacprowicz (2017), “in order to properly diagnose and treat any injury to the UCL, a comprehensive understanding of the functional anatomy and biomechanics of the UCL in overhead throwing sports is imperative.” The anterior bundle of the UCL is particularly susceptible to injury. The study by Awh (2010) reports that, “These injuries are often associated with those of the flexor pronator muscle-tendon unit, a stabilizer at the medial elbow. Strains and/or fatigue of the dynamic stabilizers may cause increased tears of the UCL.” The posterior bundle of the UCL is not as vulnerable for injury since it does not play a large role in the overhead throwing motion.

The ulnar or medial collateral ligament is one of two ligaments that is a part of the elbow joint, running along the medial side of the arm and acts as the connection between the distal portion of the humerus to the proximal portion of the ulna. The ulnar collateral ligament is largely responsible for the stability and use of the elbow as well as assisting in the flexing and extending of the arm. The ulnar collateral ligament can become overly damaged in a few different ways, such as a broken arm where the broken fragment of bone severs the ligament, or a severe impact or collision that causes the ligament to stretch beyond its elastic capabilities, leading to a sprain or even a tear. While this type of traumatic injury is highly possible, the most common

*insert article *attachedBesides being able to see the inside of a shoulder, doctors use different physical tests to evaluate the shoulder in order to determine what type of injury and how severe an injury may be. One such test was recently developed by Dr. Carl J. Basamania at the Womack Army Medical center in Fort Bragg, N.C. The test was developed to evaluate shoulder instability in a patient. During the test the Dr. or examiner stands next to the patient who is to lay flat on his/her back. The hand of the examined should is held firmly by the examiner. The examiner then pushes against the clavicle to stabilize th scapula, while they also gently hold the pectoral muscle with their thumb in order to be able to assess relaxation. The examiner then rotates the arm form neutral to full external rotation. If the patient has AIGHL incompetence there is a lack of tightening as the arm reaches full external rotation. The test has appeared to be highly accurate and may be of value to Dr.'s and surgeons alike. After doctors have determined what type and what degree of injury a patient has sustained using various tests it is on to the next step, rehabilitation.

Symptoms associated with a UCL injury include the following: pain on the inside of the elbow, a sense of looseness or instability elbow, decreased ability to throw a baseball or other object. (Tommy). Rarely do UCL injuries interfere with non-throwing activities, such as: activities of daily living, exercising, lifting weights, batting in baseball or running (Tommy).

Specificity of ASB ranged from 0.03 to 0.98; for LTC, 0.22 to 0.97. Owing to considerable heterogeneity, pooled estimate points were not calculated. Other high-sensitivity tests were scaphoid tubercle tenderness, with sensitivity and specificity ranging from 0.82 to 1.00 and 0.17 to 0.57, respectively, and painful ulnar deviation, ranging from 0.67 to 1.00 and 0.17 to 0.60, respectively. Three studies showed that combining tests increased the specificity and post-test fracture probability while maintaining high sensitivity. Quality assessment mainly showed high or unclear risk of bias and applicability concerns in reference standard and patient selection. Twelve study designs were prospective, one was