Write A Case Study For Chronic Cholecystitis

Acetaminophen 500 mg tab 2 tabs by month every 8 hours as needed for pain

When a patient comes with abdominal pain, it can be due to different causes. The pain may be visceral, somatoparietal or referred pain as an indicator of a wide variety of systemic and local causes. Visceral pain is from abdominal distention or stretching of the muscle fibers, carried by sympathetic nerve fibers, presents as dull, poorly localized pain in the mid areas of the abdomen. Somatic pain occurs once the parietal peritoneum is inflamed or irritated, and passed by sensory fibers. Somatic pain is better defined and more localized, high intensity, and also associated with tenderness and spasm of the localized muscle groups.

A 35-year-old male presents to the clinic with a long history of gas and flatulence, diarrhea and nausea after consuming milk or dairy products. Patient has a family history of celiac disease and therefore you advised the patient to be tested for Celiac disease. Which statement is correct regarding celiac disease testing?

Different approaches are available to the surgeon for treatment of congenital cholesteatomas depending on the location and extent of the disease. Here we introduce a novel approach for a cholesteatoma seen through the anterior superior quadrant of the tympanic membrane. For three patients with such a cholesteatoma we removed their cholesteatomas after the amputation of the malleus handle using a semiconductor laser with or without reconstruction of the handle.

Cholecystitis is an inflammation of the gallbladder. The gallbladder is a pear-shaped organ that lies beneath the liver on the right side of the body. The gallbladder stores bile, which is a fluid that helps the body digest fats. This condition may be sudden (acute) or occur over long periods of time (chronic). Cholecystitis is serious and needs treatment right away.

Cholelithiasis also knows as gallstones occurs in the gallbladder, the function of the gallbladder is to store and concentrate bile. Cholelithiasis occurs when the balance that keeps cholesterol, calcium, bile salts solution is altered. The bile secreted by the liver is supersaturated with cholesterol therefore it come out as a solid. Immobility, pregnancy and inflammation or obstructive lesions of the biliary system decreases bile flow. The stones may stay in the gallbladder or move to the cystic duct or the common bile duct. The main clinical manifestations would be severe pain. The pain can be so severe that is can cause diaphoresis and tachycardia, when the pain slows down the patients may notice a residual tenderness in the right upper

The case study I picked was case study number one. This case study is about an 80-year-old man who has developed dysphagia which is difficulty swallowing. He is in good health meaning he is very alert, mentally intact, and orientated. He lives by himself in an apartment and doesn’t ask much of anyone. Mr. L has a granddaughter who is very worried about her grandpa and lives not far from him. His granddaughter is the one that drives Mr. L to places that he cannot himself. When they both were at the hospital, Mr. L was convinced to undergo an exam, and they found a lump in his throat. If the lump is found to be cancerous, they need to go through a biopsy and radiation and chemotherapy. They told the granddaughter that, and she has requested

The purpose of this assignment is to use a case study to show how a diagnosis has been decided on. The assignment will look at a patient’s diagnosis of cholecystitis and will explain the pathophysiology of the diagnosed illness. Next it will talk about the patients presenting complaint and some of the health history. It will then explain the results from the clinical examination and the diagnostic tests that were conducted and the rationale behind why they were done. Finally this assignment will show how the diagnosis was determined.

- Admitting labs: H&H, Na+, and BUN all elevated; total protein 5.0, albumin 2.8 (low)

The most common presentation of cholecystitis in patients is intermittent, moderate to severe pain in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen, often radiating towards the back or between the shoulder blades due to accompanying inflammation of the peritoneum of the diaphragm, which is innervated by spinal cord segments C3-C5, which also supply sensation to the skin of the shoulder (Munson & Traister, 2005) (Drake et al., 2009). If the biliary tract is blocked or inflamed, patients may present with jaundice; or if gallstones are passed along the duct, a constant pain may be experienced in the upper right abdomen (Munson & Traister, 2005).

Refer patient to Emergency Room for abdominal ultrasound- Acute cholecystitis is a serious condition that requires instant medical treatment in the hospital. Treatment for this condition includes pain medicine, IV fluids, and occasionally antibiotics.

In the cases that the cervical radiculopathy does not improve than a soft neck collar can be used to rest the neck or a neck pillow at night. Physical therapy may be used and neck traction may be used in order to reduce the compression of the nerve root. A short burst of oral steroids may be used however no controlled studies have been done to prove their effectiveness. Dosages of 60mg of oral steroids for 7 days may be used to help alleviate inflammation (Malanga, 2016). To further help reduce inflammation icing and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) should be used in the initial phase of treatment. The usual dosage for cervical radiculopathy is Ibuprofen 800mg by mouth three times daily for the next 10-14 days (Malanga, 2016). There have also been studies showing that tricyclic antidepressants have helped have an analgesic effect on chronic and neuropathic pain, such as Elavil or Pamelor (Malanga, 2016). If these treatments still do not give relief then a referral to an orthopedic surgeon is needed. At that point a steroid injection may be performed or a surgical intervention may be

Treatment of manifestations: ACE inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers and diet modification are included in the treatment of hyper tension. nonopioid agents, tricyclic antidepressants, narcotic analgesics, and splanchnic nerve blockade are included in the conservative treatment of flank pain. cyst decompression with cyst aspiration and sclerosis, laparoscopic or surgical cyst fenestration, and renal denervation are included in more aggressive treatment. Cyst hemorrhage and/or gross hematuria are usually self-limited. Standard treatment includes the Treatment of nephrolithiasis . High failure rate is observed in the treatment of cyst infections which is very difficult.Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, vancomycin fluoroquinolones, metronidazole,

8. Lubricating eyedrops/artificial tears: 1-2 hourly or antibiotic eye ointment 5 times a day to prevent exposure keratopathy.

Cholecystitis is a disease in which the gallbladder becomes inflamed. This disease is caused by an obstruction of bile flow. Which is due to having gallstone. Cholecystitis happens when bile flow is obstructed in the gallbladder. Then it becomes overly concentrated causing the irritation of the lining of the gallbladder.