Write An Essay On Planarians

Chapter 3  -   Handy Genes 1. Many experiments were conducted during the 1950s and 1960s with chick embryos and they showed that two patches of tissue essentially controlled the development of the pattern of bones inside limbs.  Describe at

animal in the early stages of growth when it’s basic structure and organ development is forming.

Introduction In the science world, Tetrahymena is a uni-cellular organism found in most fresh water ponds, streams and lakes. Tetrahymena cells can tolerate many environments and are notably used as a model organism in eukaryotic cell biology and research. A model organism can be defined as an organism that is easy to culture in a laboratory and shares many similar processes and genes with complex multi-cellular organisms, for example, cells in the human body. The use of Tetrahymena as a model organism has led to the discovery of ribozymes, telomere structure and even the motor protein, dynein.

SUFFOLK COUNTY COMMUNITY COLLEGE MICHAEL J. GRANT CAMPUS, BRENTWOOD NY BIO 150—MODERN BIOLOGY I INSTRUCTOR: DR. JAMES F. REMSEN, JR. ADDENDUM TO COURSE OUTLINE Instructor email: remsenj@sunysuffolk.edu Phone: (631) 851-6824 Office: Sagtikos 110 Office Hours Spring 2013: M Tu Th 11:00 A.M.-12:15 P.M. W 6:00-7:15 P.M. (Virtual) This addendum addresses

Dugesia tigrina are flatworms of the Turbellaria class that can live in saltwater or freshwater environments (Reddien and Alvarado 2004). These flatworms are also known as planaria and are notorious for their great ability of regeneration. The purpose of this experiment was to test if the regrowth of the planarian limbs was affected by light.

tissue regrow in the attachment site will be hard connective tissue. Don't forget about the rewiring of

advantage while hiding. Axolotl have Although they have very small teeth, they feed primarily by suction. The physiological trait that scientists find most interesting, however, is their astounding ability to quickly regrow bodily appendages and sometimes even internal organs. Axolotl can regrow legs in around four months, and some have been observed regrowing less vital parts of their

processed rather than consumed whole. In front of the jaw, large protruding teeth were likely used to seize struggling prey as they were dragged ashore. This is supported by the retention of forelimbs and hindlimbs which is a basal trait of protocetids. Moving back in the jaw deeply rooted teeth with triangular edges are specialized for shearing.

Invertebrates (animals without a spinal cord) such as the flatworm or planarian can regenerate both the head from a tail piece, and the tail from a head piece. Among vertebrates (animals with a spinal cord), fish can regenerate parts of the brain, eye, kidney, heart and fins. Frogs can regenerate the limb, tail, brain and eye tissue as tadpoles but not as adults. And salamanders can regenerate the limb, heart, tail, brain, eye tissues, kidney, brain and spinal cord throughout life.

Some of the tribes from Shem were also descendants of the German people. The tribes from Shem migrated to Northern Europe, Southern Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Hebrews descended from Eber who was a great grandson of Shem.

Time Since Death: Approximately 6 Weeks Ancestry: African American Sex: Female Age at Death: 20-25 Years Stature: Estimated to be between 5 feet, and 5 feet 6 inches. Trauma: Post-mortem trauma: No Ante-mortem or perimortem trauma is evident. Unique Characteristics: Healed fracture scars on the left clavicle. Skeletal inventory: Total remains There is a small vertical irregularity on the mandible, likely the result of a fracture scar. This irregularity measures approximately 3 millimeters in length. There is also evidence of forced trauma to the cranium, with the vertical irregularity measuring approximately 8 millimeters in length.

Significant changes in internal organs development can be revealed from larval and pupa stages in complete metamorphosis. According to [1] between day one to day thirteen, the chrysalis shows development of numerous aspects of morphology which include wing veins, midgut, flight

1. Introduction: • What is dissection? Dissection is the “process of disassembling and observing something to determine its internal structure and as an aid to discerning the functions and relationships of its components” (Dissection). The term is most often used concerning the dissection of plants and animals, including humans. Comparative anatomy is the investigation of similitudes and contrasts in the life structures of various species. It is firmly identified with transformative science and phylogeny. Comparative anatomy has gradually and long been utilized as evidence for evolution; it indicates that various organisms share a common ancestor. Dissection of cats in an anatomy class is a common occurrence and believed to be a great learning mechanism for students. Schools and education systems utilize the availability of a cat because they are vertebrates and include a great amount of similarity in structures as humans, as students learn the anatomy and physiology of the human body. Advantages of dissecting a cat include a sensory factor that a visual study is unable to provide. A fact of being a human is that a great many people recall things they can touch or work on accomplishing more than they recollect data that they examined. By analyzing a creature in individual and touching it, the material encounters can give a general, better learning background that may help them in future classes if science or medical sciences will be examined. I hold the belief that the

Planarians are one of the most simplest organisms out there in the world, and they have a stunning ability, regeneration. These flatworms are bi-directionally regenerating

Introduction: Many model organisms have been used in order to advance human medicine. The primary one being the lab mouse, but there are several other different species that give rise to advancements in human treatment. Planaria and axolotls have been a prominent source of how signaling mechanisms work in order to regenerate parts in eukaryotic organisms. If researchers can figure out how to turn these signaling pathways on in the conserved regeneration part of the human genome, then doctors will likely be able to use this to their advantage. This can be achieved by manipulating human signaling pathways to regenerate tissues within the heart, lungs, nervous system, and even systems with multiple tissue types like the limbs. This is where the study of axolotls comes in.