Write An Essay On The History Of Animal Testing History

Animal testing has been going on since 500BC, found in ancient Greek writing. People believed that animals were lacking intelligence so it didn’t matter to them. Although, Theophrastus disagreed,

Animal testing has been one of the issues that people are fighting overtime because of its moral. Even though some results of tests are successful on people, many people are still fighting for the animal’s rights. They believe that animals should have their own rights to live a free life where they belong, just like their species. In scientists point of view, animals have been one of the main subjects to test on, but a lot of them are currently looking forward to use and develop alternatives for the cruel act of animal testing.

“Animal Experimentation” The concept of animal testing has grown to be very controversial. The thought of experimenting on animals results in different emotions. Many people would argue that experimenting on animals is brutal and others would argue otherwise. An article by the title of “Point: Animal Testing-

Animal testing has been bad of the years and it can even be dated back to the ancient times of the greek. Physicians would dissect animals with the pure interest to obtain knowledge. But even then, one such physician stated that he would rather use a pig as his subject because he wanted to.The ethics of animal testing has always been questioned. Humans do not want to think of animals as on the same level of us. The similarity is terrifying and makes the cruelness obvious. In the 16 century it has been recorded that early vivisectionists, scientists who perform experiments and operations on live animals, did not consider animals to be of the same lineage of us and barely cared for them.The remaining are used as test dummies for products.

Animal testing, also known as animal research or experimentation refers to the use of non-human animals to conduct experiments which seek to control certain variables that have the potential to impact the biological systems or behaviors under study. The most commonly used animals are usually mice, cats, rats, dogs and primates. More than 20 million animals are usually subjected to food, drugs, chemical and cosmetic testing each year in the United States alone (Sharma et al, p.1). These animals usually suffer and die in the cruelest of ways despite the fact that there exist more modern non-animal tests which have been found out to save time, money and with more educational value. This essay explains why animal testing is bad and provides

The root of animal testing started thousands of years ago when scientists studied animals. During the early twentieth century, more people became curious about biology and body systems; therefore, studied on animals. As

The use of research on animals originated from the Greeks in the 3rd century. Animal testing has evolved over time, for this reason, the modern era of animal testing began about 150 years ago. Experimentations on animals have been a common ethical dilemma in society for the past centuries. I believe that animal testing can benefit mankind, because many animals have the same body organs and functions as humans; therefore they are useful for conducting research for developing drugs, medical procedures, and treatments.

Animal testing, also known as animal experimentation, animal research, and in vivo testing, is the use of the world’s living, breathing organisms in cruel, unlawful experiments. Usually, they conduct these experiments in facilities such as medical laboratories, university research centers; places such as commercial places in the world industry that provide animal testing services to the industries amongst the world we live in today. This particular practice is rangely varied in every aspect and part of the world, including the type of animals they use. Most are pure bred, while a minority are caught in the wild living in their natural habitats and sold by suppliers.

Experimentation is a vital aspect of all sciences, as it validates hypothesis and furthers scientific development. However, many believe that science crosses the line when animals become subjected to experimentation as a way to further research. This is a controversial topic, as it examines what to us, as humans, is more important, morality or science? These animals are forced to endure pain and suffering, in an attempt to prolong and ease the lives of humans. Animal vivisection is unethical, and there are alternatives that can be utilized, therefore, it should be lessened, and ultimately eradicated.

The famous Greek physician and surgeon, Claudius Galenus or commonly known as Galen, started to experiment with animals. But the modern era of animal testing started around 400 years ago. Back then, Animals were treated worse than they are now.

Debates on the ethics of animal testing have emerged since the 17th century. Animals have been used throughout the history of medical research to find cures for diseases, vaccines and different types of drugs. It wasn’t till the 20th century that Animal testing became important. In the article Animal testing and medicine by rachel halar it stated two important physicians who made history and they were Galen and Ibn Zuhr. Galen was a Greek physician who was important in the history of medicine, did animal experiments to advance the understanding of anatomy, physiology, pathology, and pharmacology. Ibn Zuhr , an Arab physician in the 12th century, introduced animal testing for surgical procedures before applying them to human patients (Hajar,

This Scholarly article focuses on the history of animal testing and how it all started. Aristotle and Erasistratus used to perform the crucial activities that still remain today and that is the torture of animals in order to experiment on them; to reach targeted phenomena and whether to abide to it’s results or falsify it. This article tackles the reasons for the importance of undergoing animal testing such as understanding anatomy. One of the most important things mentioned in this article is the method of animal testing that was invented by an Arab Physician.

The history of animal testing dates back over a thousand years and is reflected in today’s arguments. The earliest record of animal testing is during the Greek and Roman times. As David Degrazia mentions in his article, On the Ethics of Animal Research, animal testing during the medieval era brought the discovery of lung function and the circulatory systems. In 1876 the first law was enacted against animal testing in the United Kingdom. In 1959 the first major report on animal testing was published. The report by William Russel and Rex Burch created the three R’s. The three R’s; refinement, reduction and replacement are the ethical guidelines for animal treatment. Current laws on animal testing are from 1966 and 1986 for the United States and European Union respectively. These laws forbid animal testing on vertebrate animals but exclude farm animals. Also, special permissions are needed for more severe testing and on certain animals.

Observation and experimentation are how we as humans have been able to learn more about ourselves and the world and universe we live in. One of the most common methods of experimentation is animal testing. However, there are controversies surrounding animal testing. There are some that believe animal testing to be cruel and overdone, advocating for the eradication of the practice and further reliance alternative research methods. Groups like People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) and other animal rights advocates fall in this category. There are some that believe animal testing to be an invaluable resource and should continue, such as some scientists and research groups. However, there appears to me to be a consensus that is closer to the middle: the belief and understanding that while there are benefits to animal testing, there are flaws in the practice and there should be changes to increase its efficacy while we simultaneously explore alternate testing methods. Many scientists and the National Institute of Health (NIH) subscribe to this idea. I aim to explore the benefits, problems, and implications of animal testing in order to reach a more informed conclusion about a position that is most validated by the information I have used.

(Reason to Listen):Animal testing began with early Greek physician-scientists, such as Aristotle and Erasistratus, around 300 BC. Since then, nearly 100 million animals a year are used and killed because of animal testing (Hajar).