During it release in 1842, ‘Wuthering Heights’ by Emily Bronte was considered to be a novel of obscenity and monstrosity. The novel has the ability to adapt to a range of themes and transcend the forms of content and cultural context within the ideas of love, oppression, power and harmony. Critical readings of the text have challenged and enriched readers in a diverse array of interpretations of language and structure; forming personal meanings that have developed throughout history.
England, in the1840s was a time where the economy struggled with depression and the middle and upper classes feared revolt. Terry Eagleton, within his critical reading, suggests that the novel, ‘Wuthering Heights’, is based on the “enteral conflict of social
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He rebels against the ideas of social prejudice through the bond he shares with Catherine. Eagleton states that Heathcliff and Catherine change the interpretations of social status as an attempt to liberate themselves through love, enriching the idea of breaking the social standards and manifesting the idea that love conquers all.
Oppression is a major theme that underlines the novel ‘Wuthering Heights’. This idea of confinement within the novel is presented through the social class and the oppression inflicted onto the characters. Bronte depicts social class between the Earnshaw’s and the Linton’s through the marriage of Catherine Earnshaw and Edgar Linton. Catherine fears that her love for Heathcliff could intruded the cultural standards of the time so therefor decides to marry Edgar instead of Heathcliff stating “…if Heathcliff and I married, we should be beggars”. This marriage is an attempt to rise social status as being with her true love, Heathcliff, would mean she descends society. Although Catherine marries Edgar, she still finds oppression. She is so torn between her love for Heathcliff that it slowly kills her, making her weak. When confronted by Heathcliff, who speaks of his suffering, she torments him saying ”Why shouldn’t you suffer? I do!”. Catherine is naive, betraying her one true love for a life of wealth and comfort with Edgar. She believes “time
The culture of set societal rules and conventions urges Catherine to be with Edgar, compelling her to be ‘the greatest woman of the neighbourhood’ due to them being relatively firm in their gentry’s status. This suggests the importance of her social status against the nature of her love for Heathcliff stating, ‘we would be beggars’, through employing the word ‘beggars’ the reader crafts the idea of her belief that she won’t survive without her status. Catherine admits ‘It would degrade me to marry Heathcliff now; so he shall never know how I love him’ Thus implying a swelling sense of her vanity and pride; enough to enjoy the position she gains from being married to Edgar despite her admiration for Heathcliff, being ‘more than (herself) than (she is)’and
Wuthering Heights is a novel which deviates from the standard of Victorian literature. The novels of the Victorian Era were often works of social criticism. They generally had a moral purpose and promoted ideals of love and brotherhood. Wuthering Heights is more of a Victorian Gothic novel; it contains passion, violence, and supernatural elements (Mitchell 119). The world of Wuthering Heights seems to be a world without morals. In Wuthering Heights, Brontë does not idealize love; she presents it realistically, with all its faults and merits. She shows that love is a powerful force which can be destructive or redemptive. Heathcliff has an all-consuming passion for Catherine. When she chooses to marry Edgar, his spurned love turns into a
However, despite changes, the literary world remained predominantly male, and women writers not encouraged, or taken seriously. Consequently, to counteract this Emily Bronte published her novel Wuthering Heights, under the male pseudonym of Ellis Bell. Wuthering Heights is the story of domesticity, obsession, and elemental divided passion between the intertwined homes of the Earnshaw’s residing at the rural farmhouse Wuthering Heights, and the Linton family of the more genteel Thrushcross Grange. This essay will discuss how the language and narrative voices established a structural pattern of the novel, and how these differing voices had a dramatic effect on the interpretation of the overall story.
When evaluating the family problems of a typical middle class American you may find deaths in the family, divorces, money problems, sibling rivalries, and more. In Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights, all of the above is seen with a topping of vengeance and selfishness. This interesting conflict is caused by the abusive actions of the characters. From relationship to relationship, one character abuses another to get to their way or to get back at another character for their own wrongdoing. Having this occur frequently throughout the novel creates a dumbfounded sort of tone and leaves the reader on the edge of their seat. Throughout the novel Wuthering heights, Emily Bronte emphasizes the characters ' abusive and unhealthy relationships; this is exemplified through repeated vengeant duality, internal and external conflict, and irrational thinking.
Human beings can be truly deranged creatures. Often times they are seen as elevating and putting themselves on a pedestal. They will treat people who are not the same as them as they are garbage and worthless. Although it is not their fault to simply put it, it is human nature. More specifically the ugliness of human nature. The complex characters in Wuthering Heights are guilty of this. Their circumstances drive them to do unthinkable things which unfortunately have drastic outcomes. Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights is a beautifully written novel that shows the ugliness of human nature as seen through the depiction of toxic relationships, displaying revenge and vengeance in the differentiation of social class.
Bronte employs repetition in Wuthering Heights as Heathcliff's suppression towards Hareton repeats Hindley's suppression towards Heathcliff. The relationship most affected by the views of social class is that of Heathcliff's and Catherine's. But for social class Catherine would have married Heathcliff but by marrying Edgar Linton she will be "the greatest woman of the neighborhood" (81). As one of the aristocratic class, Catherine believes that marrying someone like Heathcliff "would degrade" her (92) and repeating that they would be "beggars" (81). So it is social class that is the main reason behind Heathcliff's anger and he turned to a positive anger and he admits that he "have fought through a bitter life since I ]he[ last heard your voice…for I ]he[ struggled only for you ]
She chooses to marry Edgar Linton instead, a man of honorable status in the community, due to the fact that he is “handsome, and pleasant to be with” as well as the fact that his future inheritance will make her “the greatest woman of the neighborhood” (Brontë). Her selfish endeavor to gain a higher status is what causes Heathcliff to feel betrayed as he only hears half of the conversation, not hearing the love that Catherine proclaims for Heathcliff even though she chose to wed Edgar. This lack of communication between the two is what fuels Heathcliff’s desire to gain revenge for Catherine’s selfishness. Throughout his search for vengeance, Heathcliff still loves Catherine, which will be a hindrance to him as his unwillingness to move on from Catherine and his desire for justice overpowers his cause of happiness. Heathcliff leaves Wuthering Heights, and years later comes back a fully changed man— a man of Edgar Linton’s
Civilization, then, posts a direct opposition to this purity. The social organization embodied by the Lintons and Lockwood, as well as Heathcliff’s branch of rebellious social structure, are eventually thwarted by the natural power through Cathy and Hareton Earnshaw. This revival of the natural and isolated power of Wuthering Heights represent Emily Bronte’s argument that the natural order - that which cannot be controlled nor defined by civilization - is the purest form of social
In Wuthering Heights by Emily Brontë, Catherine’s actions as a child and her temper portray her as immoral, but a further examination of Catherine’s life paints her in a sympathetic light. Catherine’s childhood full of abuse, inability to marry for love, and early death creates a feeling of sadness for how her life never improved. Filled with abuse and hatred, Catherine’s childhood helped worsen her already fiery temper.
At her age, Catherine should have felt the happiest she has even been after Edgar’s proposal, but her emotions toward Heathcliff changed all that. One way she states her love for Heathcliff by saying: “’My love for Heathcliff resembles the eternal rocks beneath’” (Brontë 74), illustrating the everlastings of her emotions and that they will never fade no matter what happens. Yet on the other hand, her ambitions get the best of her in which she says to Nelly: “’I shall like to be the greatest woman in the neighbourhood, and I shall be proud of having such a husband [Edgar Linton]’” (Brontë 71). Instead of marrying for true love as seen throughout fairy tales, Catherine marries Edgar solely for reputation, following her mind instead of her heart. The conflict of her following her heart or her mind has led her into denial by imagining that by marrying Edgar she is doing the right thing and that she could raise Heathcliff, for at this time he is poor. Catherine is not the only one affected by denial, Isabella Linton is as well.
In Emily's Brontë’s novel Wuthering Heights, she asserts that love, while it is usually described as unchanging and everlasting, has to come from a place of understanding and a willingness to change, otherwise it becomes destructive and toxic. The story begins when Mr. Lockwood asks Nelly, a maid who worked at Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange, to tell him the story of Heathcliff, the landowner. She tells him that Mr. Earnshaw, the landowner before Heathcliff, brought Heathcliff into his home, where Mr. Earnshaw’s son, Hindley, bullied him, and Mr. Earnshaw’s daughter, Catherine, grew closer to him. Catherine spent a few weeks at Thrushcross Grange where she met the Linton family, became a proper young lady, and married Edgar Linton.
Susan Myer’s central argument is that the racial other and stereotypical white woman of the nineteenth century, have both been excluded from social structures and subjected to an oppressive disempowerment of the British empire. She argues that in Wuthering Heights Emily Brontë employs a metaphorical link, an intersection of gender and race, between Catherine Earnshaw and Heathcliff in order to identify their shared limitations and oppression while exploring their potential powers of resistance to social structures of British imperialism. Catherine and Heathcliff are both victims of suppression and subordination, Heathcliff through the expressed superiority of the British empire toward alien or dark races and Catherine through a domestic and
Heathcliff is a character from the novel “Wuthering Heights” that feels like life didn’t treat him fairly due to his lack of social status and due to his ambiguous nature. He and Catherine had both grown up together and in fact, his relationship with her provides the theme for the first volume. It was because of this relation as children that Heathcliff felt a strong connection with Catherin however, she later on didn’t feel the same way towards him. This would influence the story as a whole for their called “love” as children would be very influential in the second volume. Heathcliff feels like life was unjust to him due to the fact that later in the novel Catherine marries another man named Edgar Linton. The main reason why Catherine married
Mr. Heathcliff progresses through his own type of personal revolution which he supports the culture of his enemies, to use them primarily against the future. Noticing the contradictions Catherine states, “It would degrade me to marry Heathcliff, now; so he shall never know I love him; and that, not because he’s handsome, Nelly, but because he’s more myself than I am”(Bronte 70). Since Catherine’s brother, Hindley, has given Heathcliff the status of a servant, she cannot marry him. Here contradictions between both social classes, upper class has to be with the rich and lower class with the poor. Even though Catherine admits that she loves Heathcliff and finds him very handsome she still marries Edgar Linton, who has social position and money.
The novel ‘Wuthering Heights’ (1847) by Emily Brontë and the film adaptation ‘Wuthering Heights’ (2011) by Andrea Arnold each convey respective values and perspectives reflective of the contrasting contexts and forms of each text. The novel, set in the Romantic period, is centred around two families living on the isolated, Yorkshire moors, and the explosive interactions between them. The concept of confinement contrasts against the freedom of nature throughout the novel. Nature is another key theme and a fundamental aspect of the Romantic period, used to present ideas such as rebellion and freedom. Finally, passion within human relationships is thoroughly explored through Catherine and Heathcliff’s relationship within the novel. However, as the film adaptation is a product of a contemporary post-feminist, post-colonial time period, these themes can now be explored through lenses such as racial discrimination, feminism, and human connection.